HLTH 485
Page 1 of 4
ACTIVITY: HYPOTHESIS TESTING AND VALIDITY
Use the answer sheet at the end of the document to submit your answers the questions below.
For the interpretations, use at least 3 sentences.
1. Calculate and interpret the risk ratio for a=20, b=9, c= 7, d=25 Express answer to the
nearest hundredth.
Risk Ration is roughly 3.15 times the risk in unexposed groups
2. Calculate and interpret the rate ratio for a = 40, b = 17, c = 15, d = 37, PTe = 800, and
PT0 = 959. Express your answer to the nearest hundredth.
Rate Ratio is roughly 3.19 times in the unexposed group
3. What is the 95 % confidence interval for the rate ratio from question 2 and interpret?
95% confidence interval for the rate ratio from question 2 lies between 1.77 and 5.75
4. Calculate the odds ratio for a = 30, b = 7, c = 6, d = 20 and interpret. Express your
answer to the nearest hundredth.
The odds outcome exposed is roughly 14.29 times the odds in the group.
5. Consider the following data and then complete the table in the appropriate template:
Population Lung Cancer Incidence Rate per 100,000 Person-Years:
Overall: R = 70,
Cigarette smokers: Re = 200
Nonsmokers: Ro = 30
Coronary Heart Disease Incidence Rate per 100,000 Person-Years:
Overall: R = 300,
Cigarette smokers: Re = 500
Nonsmokers: Ro = 200
HLTH 485
Page 3 of 4
6. Researchers assessed the association between self-reported type 2 diabetes and primary open-angle
glaucoma (POAG) in a cohort of Black women
Type 2 Diabetes POAG Case Person-Years
Yes 70 27,385
No 400 400,000
Apply steps of hypothesis testing to this data. Also, calculate 95% Confidence Interval for the rate ratio.
Interpret the result and say what the interval tells us about statistical significance.
(RR)
With Type 2 diabetes 70 cases / 27,385) =.00255
With out Type 2 Rate of POAG (400 cases / 400,000) = .001
(0.00255/0.001) = 2.55
95% confidence interval for the rate ratio from question 2 lies between .001 and 2.55
7. Match the following as (A) selection bias, (B) information bias, or (C) confounding.
Education level
Questionnaire bias
Prevalence-incidence bias
Recall bias
Detection bias
Comorbidities
Diagnostic suspicion bias
Performance bias
Lifestyle factors
