1. What is the first level of human jurisdiction?!
•Individual limited self governing!
2. What exactly is meant by the phrase “Self-Government”?!
•You are sovereign over yourself, ruling and liberty of conscience!
•Personal level of government includes individual internal rule -> external behavioral
rule (individuality) !
•Sovereignty of God-> self government -> local civil government -> state
government -> national government !
•Internal produces the external !
3. Be able to evaluate why the question of jurisdiction is not solely a division of
authority and power between God and civil government. With this, what is a mediating
structure and its relationship to the public sphere of life?!
•Lawful use of lawful authority!
•The government can’t judge your conscience !
4. How does God generally govern man?!
• By loving presentation of truth through conscience not by cause and e ect ff !
5. What are the subordinate principles of government derived from God’s authority to
govern supremely?!
•System of civil government must be structured as to acknowledge sovereignty of
God and self-government capacity of mankind. !
•System of jurisprudence must be structured as to acknowledge sovereignty of
held and self-government capacity of man!
-Self-government !
-Capacity of mankind !
-Reflect God’s sovereign rule !
6. How would Christian Self-Government manifest itself externally in regards to a civil
form of Government?!
•Delegated authority !
•Internal government -> representative government -> delegated authority !
•Limited regulation !
•Shows we have capacity to govern ourselves !
7. Reconsider the quote by Hugo Grotius in his Politick Maxims (1586, 1654) and be
able to identify its significance for Christian Self-Government.!
•enlargement of government that starts with internal rule of God and goes out to
levels of external government!
1. What is the significance of Sir William Blackstone (1723-1780)? How does he define
law in its most general sense? What great work is he best known for?!
•
•Wrote: “Commentaries on English Common Law”!
2. How does Sir William Blackstone define ‘law of nature’? Why does he assert the
necessity for special revelation?!
•The law of nature was God’s law since it consisted of a dry of instructions which
God had imprinted in human nature at the creation. !
•Laws which govern the physical and nonphysical components of nature AND laws
over human nature (moral law); discover these through a joint e ort of special and ff
general revelation!
•He asserts the need for special revelation because one needs learn what’s morally
right and wrong. Also there are some things we can't know until we are told.!
3. When discussing the nature of law and jurisprudence, what is meant by “Pre-existing
Law”?!
•law before law existed, moral law. !
Keys to Good Government and Principles of Godly Government Individual Self-
Government: Class Lecture 10!
Biblical Christian Worldview: Law and International Relations: Class
Lectures 11 and 12 Martin Text Chapters 3 and 12 (pps. 212-220). Read associated
word document as well.!
!
4. What is to be the relationship between pre-existing law and man-made law
such as constitutions? Why are they instituted?!
•Instituted to protect God's moral law and provide a legal framework for that moral
code!
5. What sort of jurisprudence recognizes God as divine law-giver, the existence of
absolute law, and a pre- existing law order?!
•natural law jurisprudence!
6. What is meant by the phrase “Laws of Nature and Nature’s God,” in the preamble to
the Declaration of Independence?!
•Thought the English was threatening the rights of humans; GENERAL (we know via
nature etc.) AND SPECIAL REVELATION (God reveals to us)!
7. Why is sphere sovereignty necessary for nation-states?!
•It defines jurisdiction that they are responsible for defending.!
8. How is Law of Nations theory evidenced in the Declaration of Independence?!
•Theory: Law of nature applied to nation states. (God made certain laws in how
nations are supposed to interact with each other.) It delegates power over war and
peace, and alliances.!
9. How is Law of Nation’s theory evidenced in the US Constitution?!
•Article I, Section VIII, Clause 1-8: Power to make war, conclude peace, punish
piracies on the high-seas. If Law of Nations doesn't specifically apply in an area,
God's Law still applies.!
10. We discussed six significant roles, arenas, or concepts of international relations
relative to the nation-state. Be able to identify each. For example, one such role is that
of security and national defense, which requires sphere sovereignty of the Nation-
State.!
•1. Arena of National Defense and National Security- require sphere sovereignty of
the nation-state!
•2. O ensive attempts to dominate- require Biblical view of war, or just war theoryff !
•3. Arena of Constitutional Law- " sovereign nations and constitutional
governments!
•4. Defense of Liberty- "just war theory!
•5. Patriotism and citizenship- opposed to nationalism NO CLPS!
•6. If God isn't sovereign- Nations as dominant centers of power will consider
themselves sovereign!
11. What is the biblical view or nature of just war theory?!
•Offensive war, solely after expansion, money, or any other is impermissible/
immoral!
•Defense war is imperative to repel attempts at foreign domination, Also need a
maintain of a strong military with e ective weapon systems.ff !
12. What is the significance of President George Washington’s 1796 Farewell Address? !
Be able to identify the context as well as the major themes of the Address.!
•It established U.S. foreign policy doctrine. (National foreign policy)!
13. What is the relationship between just war theory and e ective weapons systems?ff !
•They are necessary for the defense of wars.!
14. Be able to identify the three key founding principles of U.S. Foreign Policy.!
•1. Pro-American Foreign Policy PPN!
•2. Principle Foreign Policy (we aren't only worrying about our own interests)!
•3. Nationally Based Foreign Policy (not international foreign policy)!
15. How was Law of Nation’s theory understood during the US founding era? What did
Law of Nation’s theory ultimately rest upon?!
•Law of Nature applied to nation states.!
a. Be prepared to read quotes discussing and defining law of nations, which are not
explicitly indicated on this review sheet.!
•G!
16. What, generally, is the di erence between a nationalist and a patriot, though the ff
words tend to be used synonymously today?!
•Nationalist- will absolutize his country, ultimate moral worth, highest value, could
never disobey its nation, idolize nation!
•Patriot- loves his country within it's legitimate sphere!
17. What is the Balance of Power Scenario, and how is it an e ective means of averting ff
war should diplomacy between nation-states fail?!
•There is a balance of alliances between both sides fighting, and because of this
nobody goes to war.!
18. What is the significance of Deuteronomy 20:1-20?!
•God's reason for warfare, give people a chance for peace before attacking them.
Destroy all evil nations that will lead others away from God.!
19. Be able to evaluate the following statement: “In a holy commonwealth, no priority is
to be supposed in the arrangement of the institutions, each area being directly
responsible to and of vital significance under God.”!
•Sphere sovereignty!
20. Be able to evaluate the following statement: “The Biblical Christian believes in
freedom of enterprise, with an important qualification. The Biblical Christian recognizes
that the market is created by God and, as such, is the primary mechanism for
establishing prices and wages, being based on voluntary exchanges between parties,
from which both benefit, the market produces prices and wages, which are, for the
most part, just.!
•God ultimately has control over everything !
21. How is work a form of worship?!
•Stewarding the items God gives to us to be used to glorify and honor him.!
McClellan: Liberty Order and Justice!
1. As indicated on the title slide of presentation 9, you are to read the following
sections in the McClellan text, from which questions will be drawn:!
a. The Meaning of Constitutional Government”: (13-18). !
•G!
b. “The Influence of Continental Thinkers”: (46-48)!
•G!
c. “The Education of The Founders”: (49)!
•G!
Hazlitt Text: Economics in One Lesson!
Hazlitt Text:!
1. Read Chapter 11: “Who’s Protected by Tari s?” ff !
2. 2. Read Chapter 13: “‘Parity” Prices”!
3. Read Chapter 17: “Government Price-Fixing”!
4. Read Chapter 23: “The Assault on Savings”!
!
Quotes to expect on the Exam, though others besides these should be expected.!
Samuel Adams !
Frederic Bastiat (1801-1850)!
In the economic sphere an act, a habit, an institution, a law produces not only one
effect, but a series of e ects. Of these e ects, the first alone is immediate; it appears ff ff
simultaneously with its cause; it is seen. The other e ects emerge only subsequently; ff
they are not seen; we are fortunate if we foresee them. There is only one di erence ff
between a bad economist and a good one: the bad economist confines himself to the
visible e ect; the good economist takes into account both the e ect that can be seen ff ff
and those e ects that must be foreseen.ff !
•G!
John Adams in Dissertation on the Canon and Feudal Law (1765).!
The poor people, it is true, have been much less successful than the great. They have
seldom found either leisure or opportunity to form a union and exert their strength;
ignorant as they were of arts and letters, they have seldom been able to frame and
support a regular opposition. This, however, has been known by the great to be the
temper of mankind; and they have accordingly labored, in all ages, to wrest from the
populace, as they are contemptuously called, the knowledge of their rights and
wrongs, and the power to assert the former or redress the latter. I say RIGHTS, for such
they have, undoubtedly, antecedent to all earthly government, -- Rights, that cannot be
repealed or restrained by human laws -- Rights, derived from the great Legislator of the
universe.!
•G!
Aurelius Augustine (354-430AD), The City of God (426), Book 19, chapter 7:!
I know the objection that a good ruler will wage wars only if they are just. But, surely, if
he will only remember that he is a man, he will begin by bewailing the necessity he is
under of waging even just wars. A good man would be under compulsion to wage no
wars at all, if there were not such things as just wars. A just war, moreover, is justified
only by the injustice of an aggressor; and that injustice ought to be a source of grief to
any good man, because it is human injustice. It would be deplorable in itself, apart
from being a source of conflict. Any man who will consider sorrowfully evils so great,
such horrors, such savagery, will admit his human misery.!
•G!
Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on English Common Law (1765-1769)!
. . . . Man, considered as a creature, must necessarily be subject to the laws of his
Creator, for he is entirely a dependent being. A being, independent of any other, has no
rule to pursue, but such as he prescribes to himself; but a state of dependence will
inevitably oblige the inferior to take the will of him on whom he depends as the rule of
his conduct; not, indeed, in every particular, but in all those points wherein his
dependence consists. This principle, therefore, has more or less extent and e ect, in ff
proportion as the superiority of the one and the dependence of the other is greater or
less, absolute or limited. And consequently, as man depends absolutely upon his
Maker for every thing, it is necessary that he should, in all points, conform to his
Maker’s will. This will of his Maker is called the law of nature. For as God, when he
created matter, and endued it with a principle of mobility, established certain rules for
the perpetual direction of that motion, so, when he created man, and endued him with
free-will to conduct himself in all parts of life, he laid down certain immutable laws of
human nature, whereby that free-will is in some degree regulated and restrained, and
gave him also the faculty of reason to discover the purport of those laws.!
•G!
Sir Edmund Burke (1729-1797) Letter to a Member of the French national Assembly
(1791)!
To what end should we discuss the limitations of royal power? Your king is in prison.
Why speculate on the measure and standard of liberty? I doubt very much, very much
indeed, whether France is ripe for liberty on any standard. Men are qualified for civil
liberty in exact proportion to their disposition to put moral chains upon their own
appetites; in proportion as their love of justice is above their rapacity; in proportion as
their soundness and sobriety of understanding is above their vanity and presumption;
in proportion as they are more disposed to listen to the counsels of the wise and good,
in preference to the flattery of knaves. Society cannot exist unless a controlling power
upon will and appetite be placed somewhere, and the less there is within, the more it
must be without. It is ordained in the eternal constitution of things, that men of
intemperate minds cannot be free. Their passions forge their fetters.”!
•G!
James Madison, Federalist 39!
To the People of the State of New York:!
THE last paper having concluded the observations which were meant to introduce a
candid survey of the plan of government reported by the convention, we now proceed
to the execution of that part of our undertaking. The first question that o ers itself is, ff
whether the general form and aspect of the government be strictly republican. It is
evident that no other form would be reconcilable with the genius of the people of
America; with the fundamental principles of the Revolution; or with that honorable
determination which animates every votary of freedom, to rest all our political
experiments on the capacity of mankind for self-government. If the plan of the
convention, therefore, be found to depart from the republican character, its advocates
must abandon it as no longer defensible.!
•G!
John Milton, Tenure of Kings and Magistrates, 1649!
If men within themselves would be govern’d by reason, and not generally give up thir
understanding to a double tyrannie, of Custom from without, and blind a ections ff
within, they would discerne better, what it is to favour and uphold the Tyrant of a
Nation. But being slaves within doors, no wonder that they strive so much to have the
public State conformably govern’d to the inward vitious rule, by which they govern
themselves.!
•G!
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Trumbull painting guy with the hat- Stephen hopkins or John Dickenson
