RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
RESEARCH DESIGN PROJECT: ACTION RESEARCH AND PROGRAM EVALUATION PRE-MATRIX TABLE TEMPLATE
School of Education, Liberty University
Author Note
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to
Action Research and Program Evaluation Pre-Matric Table
The tables are set up with specific spacing in each block. Please do not change. The reference block is already set up in APA with
double-spacing and hanging indent. You do not need to include your article references in the reference section; only the Bible
reference(s).
1
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
Article Type Action Research (AR-QUAN)
Article Reference Misra, S., & Wilson, D. (2024). The impact of scaffolding and reflection during problem
scoping in Capstone Design. IEEE Transactions on Education, 67(4), 582–591.
https://doi.org/10.1109/te.2024.3380413
Narrative In-text Citation Misra & Wilson (2024)
Parenthetical In-text Citation (Misra & Wilson, 2024)
Rationale with support from article
for how you know it is basic or
applied research (include
page/paragraph #)
This article is applied research and in paragraph 2 it describes how it is used in a real
educational setting with the goal of improving student learning and performance in
problem scoping (Misra & Wilson, 2024).
Rationale with support from
textbook for how you know it is
basic or applied research (include
page #)
Kitsantas et al. (2023, p. [12]) defines applied research as research that is aimed at solving a
real-world problem in real settings and improving practice. This study is done in an
educational setting, uses interventions, and seeks to assess how their study has an impact,
it is applied research.
Specific quantitative research design
(e.g., Participatory AR, Practical AR,
Operational AR,
Collaboration AR, Critical
Critical Reflection Action Research.
Reflection AR.). What is the study
doing quantitatively? It is quantitatively using survey results and data collection and analysis and reflecting on the
effectiveness of the methods.
2
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
Rationale with support from article
for how you know you have
identified the design correctly
(include page/paragraph #)
Misra & Wilson (2024) in paragraph 1 of section 3 explicitly state that they cycle between
action and critical reflection research to address the COVID challenge.
Rationale with support from
textbook for how you know you
have identified the design correctly
(include page #)
Reflecting in action research is taking the observations and interpreting what they might
mean to help improve a practice and make it better (Kitsantas et al. 2023, p. [320]). This
study is about reflecting on students experiences and interventions used within a
curriculum.
3
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
Article Type Action Research (AR-QUAL or MM)
Article
Reference
Hawkins, L., & Palmer, M. (2025). Youth-Led Participatory Action Research: Creating Space
and Youth Resistance. English Journal, 114(5), 23-30.
https://go.openathens.net/redirector/liberty.edu?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly journals/
youth-led-participatory-action-research-creating/docview/3231925108/se-2
Narrative In-
text Citation Hawkins and Palmer (2025)
Parenthetical
In-text Citation (Hawkins & Palmer, 2025)
Rationale with
support from
article for how
you know it is
basic or
applied
research
(include
page/paragrap
h #)
In the opening paragraph, Hawkins and Palmer (2025) discuss how they developed youth participatory action
research based on the experiences of a trans student trying to raise awareness within their school. The action
research is a qualitative compilation of this students experiences.
Rationale with
support from
textbook for
how you know
it is basic or
The textbook describes one of the characteristics of applied research is finding solutions to a practical problem,
which in this case is improving a school experience for a trans student that is trying to raise awareness to their
community in their charter school (Kitsantas et al., 2023, p. [13]).
4
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
applied
research
(include page
#)
Specific
research design
(e.g.,
Participatory
AR, Practical
AR,
Operational
AR,
Collaboration
AR, Critical
Reflection AR.).
What is the
study doing
qualitatively?
Participatory AR
The study uses primarily qualitative methods such as student reflections, interviews, and observations, along
with gathering of quantitative data on students needs. The mixed methods approach comes into play on page
27 of the article where they “surveyed their schools queer community” (Hawkins & Palmer, 2025).
OR
What is the study doing that
involves mixed-methods?
Identify what is quantitative
and what is qualitative.
5
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
Rationale with support from
article for how you know you
have identified the design
correctly (include
page/paragraph #)
The article consistently identifies its research design as Youth Participatory Action Research
(YPAR) throughout the article. Specifically on page 24, Hawkins and Palmer (2025) define and
describe the YPAR that is being used within in this study.
Rationale with support from
textbook for how you know you
have identified the design
correctly (include page #)
Kitsantas et al., (2023) on page 318, describes participatory research as research that develops
a plan to improve the social experiences of families or communities within the school.
Article Type Program Evaluation (PE-QUAN)
Article Reference Daley, S., Hebditch, M., Jones, C., Bremner, S., Feeney, Y., Towson, G., Wright, J., & Banerjee,
S. (2023). Time for dementia: Quantitative evaluation of a dementia education
programme for healthcare students. International Journal of Geriatric
Psychiatry, 38(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5922
Narrative In-text Citation Daley et al. (2023)
Parenthetical In-text Citation (Daley et al., 2023)
6
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
Rationale with support from article
for how you know it is basic or
applied research (include
page/paragraph #)
Daley et al. (2023) mention in the conclusion paragraph that TFD can improve the
knowledge of professionals and discuss how they can based on their findings.
Rationale with support from
textbook for how you know it is
basic or applied research (include
page #)
Kitsantas et al. (2023, p. [12]) discusses how applied research soles practical problems and
this research involves evaluating a curriculum with real students.
Specific quantitative research design
(e.g., descriptive, comparative,
quasi-experimental pre-test/post-
test, randomized controlled trial,
correlation,
Quasi-Experimental
predictive correlation, etc.)
Rationale with support from article
for how you know you have
identified the design correctly
(include page/paragraph #)
Daley et al. (2023) describe in the methods section first paragraph that they administered a
survey at the beginning and end of the TFD program. Pre and post measurement is a key
component of quasi-experimental research.
Rationale with support from
textbook for how you know you
have identified the design correctly
(include page #)
Kitsantas et al. (2023, p. [179]) remind us that quasi-experimental designs do not use
ranom assignment and use a comparison group. This article uses a control group and
students, but not randomly. The students were chosen.
7
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
Article Type Program Evaluation (PE-QUAL or MM)
Article Reference Begeske, J., Lory, C., David, M., & Rispoli, M. (2021). Teacher education and students
with disabilities in art class: a program evaluation. Arts Education Policy Review,
124(1), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/10632913.2021.1937762
Narrative In-text Citation Begeske et al. (2021)
Parenthetical In-text Citation (Begeske et al., 2021)
Rationale with support from article
for how you know it is basic or
applied research (include
page/paragraph #)
This article is applied research that provides information on how to improve pre-service
teacher training. The article tells us in the abstract that they provide us with
recommendations on how to strengthen programs that teach special education students
art (Begeske et al., 2021).
Rationale with support from
textbook for how you know it is
basic or applied research (include
page #)
Kitsantas et al. (2023, p. [12]) discusses how applied research is concerns issues of practice
and involves studemts, parents and colleagues. This article provides us with information
and ways to apply the research to make practices better.
Specific research design
What is the study doing
qualitatively?
OR
What is the study doing that involves
mixed-methods? Identify what is
Qualitative program evaluation that takes and uses interviews to conduct research.
8
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
quantitative and what is
qualitative.
Rationale with support from article
for how you know you have
identified the design correctly
(include page/paragraph #)
The article abstract says “semi-structured interviews were conducted with art education
faculty and instructors across six institutions” (Begeske et al., 2021, p 1).
Rationale with support from
textbook for how you know you
have identified the design correctly
(include page #)
The textbook describes program evaluations as a design that assesses the effectiveness,
implementation, or outcomes of a specific educational program Kitsantas et al. (2023, p.
[341])
Biblical Integration
For the following questions, you will take a biblical worldview connecting research and the Bible. Each question must be supported
with a different Bible verse. Answer each question with 3-5 sentences. Be sure to cite in-text and reference.
1. Discuss why it is important to keep good records and evaluate programs on a cyclical basis?
Keeping good records is a form of accountability and ensures that resources are not wasted. Cyclical evaluation builds
accountability and shows us what real servant leadership looks like. Romans 14:12 says that each of us will give an account of
himself to God (English Standard Bible, 2001/2016). This shows the importance of keeping records for us, because God keeps
records also.
2. What is the need for coming up with practical solutions to problems?
9
RDP: AR PE PRE-MATRIX TABLE EDUC 750
Everyone is responsible for seeking wisdom and applying their findings according to the Bible. Jesus constantly modeled
creating practical solutions, especially when he fed fish and bread to thousands. James 2:17 reminds us that faith without
works is dead (English Standard Bible, 2001/2016). God speaks to us and tells us to put in the work and not just rely on faith.
3. What do you do when you do not hit the benchmark or solve the problem?
When you cannot solve a problem, you should continue to work to find the solution. You don’t give up and seek further
assistance from experts that can provide you with what you need. The Bible speaks on seeking the wisdom of God and tells
us to “Trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding” (English Standard Bible, 2001/2016,
Proverbs 3:5). Continue to work, but seek God for the answers and he will provide them to you.
REFERENCES
ENGLISH STANDARD BIBLE. (2016). LITERAL WORD. HTTPS :// ESV . LITERALWORD . COM / (ORIGINAL WORK PUBLISHED 2001)
10
