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Question 1
1 out of 1 points
People acquire information about their personal self-efficacy from all but the following:
Selected
Answer:
It is not possible to learn about self-
efficacy
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Question 2
1 out of 1 points
At his locker, Rick is describing his exciting weekend to Tony, using very colorful and
inappropriate language. Tony gestures down the hall to let Rick know that Sherri is
approaching. Rick continues his story but instantly cleans up his language,
sounding like a completely different person while Sherri walks by. Rick's adjustment
of his behavior is based on:
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
discrimination
.
Discrimination is the perception of and response to differences in
stimuli. Rick changes his behavior in response to the differences in
stimuli (Sherri).
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Question 3
Which statement is true regarding self-efficacy and self-concept?
1 out of 1 points
Selected
Answer:
Self-efficacy refers to perceptions of one’s capabilities whereas self-
concept refers to perceptions of self-perception or self-worth.
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Question 4
refers to interactions between more experienced mentors and less
1 out of 1 points
experienced mentees where they provide career (instructional) and psychosocial
(relational) knowledge, advice, and support.
Selected
Answer:
Mentorin
g
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Question 5
Learning complex skills typically occurs through a combination of
.
1 out of 1 points
Selected
Answer:
Observation and
performance
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Question 6
1 out of 1 points
The belief behind which of the following discipline strategies is that students want to
be part of the social setting?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Time out
Timeout is a removal punishment that is based on the belief that
children do not want to be removed from the social setting
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Question 7
is a critical component of social cognitive theory and refers to
1 out of 1 points
behavioral, cognitive, and affective changes deriving from observing one or more
models.
Selected
Answer:
Modelin
g
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Question 8
1 out of 1 points
A coach is using a shaping technique to help a student work on a figure skating
routine. According to behaviorists, which of the following strategy can be most
effectively applied to assist the skater?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Immediate reinforcement of approximations of the desired skill
Shaping techniques involve praising approximations of the desired
skill. All other choices are either punishments or unsound shaping
techniques.
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Question 9
1 out of 1 points
An English teacher wants students to begin writing paragraphs on various topics.
How should the teacher proceed in explaining the parts of paragraph construction?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Teach the skills step-by-step, gradually shaping the final skill.
Shaping is a technique that can be used effectively to teach the
individual parts of a larger skill.
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Question 10
1 out of 1 points
formulated a comprehensive theory of observational learning that he has
expanded to encompass acquisition and performance of diverse skills, strategies, and
behaviors.
Selected
Answer:
Albert
Bandura
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Question 11
0
out of 1 points
A teacher spot-checks how students are doing by walking around the room,
selecting students to observe at random and then reinforcing those who are working
well. What type of schedule is being used?
Selected
Answer:
Variable ratio
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Question 12
Consequences that weaken behavior are called:
1
out of 1 points
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
punishers.
Consequences that weaken behavior are called punishment or
punishers.
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Question 13
1 out of 1 points
or cognitive structures that underlie and make possible organized
thought and action.
Selected
Answer:
Schemes or
schemas
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Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following examples best illustrates removal punishment? (Assume that
the undesirable behavior decreases after the consequence occurs.)
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Taking away recess
Taking away recess is an example of removal punishment-taking
something desirable away to decrease the likelihood of the behavior
reoccurring.
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Question 15
1 out of 1 points
In classical conditioning, the object or event that automatically elicits a behavior
before the conditioning takes place is referred to as the:
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
unconditioned stimulus.
A stimulus that naturally evokes a particular response is an
unconditioned stimulus.
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Question 16
1 out of 1 points
A student is used to getting the attention of the teacher by making annoying sounds.
One day the teacher decides to ignore the sounds by showing no reaction. Based
on behavioral theory, what would be the expected outcome, assuming the teacher's
attention was the reinforcer?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
The behavior will immediately increase in frequency, but then
decrease over time.
This is an example of extinction burst which is an increase in levels
of a behavior in the early stages of extinction.
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Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following terms is defined as follows: applying unpleasant stimuli to
decrease a target behavior?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Presentation
punishment
Presentation punishment involves applying an unpleasant stimulus
to decrease a target behavior.
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Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Students do not know when a reinforcer is coming, but know that if they continue to
do their work, it will eventually appear. The students are being reinforced on what
type of schedule?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Variable ratio
A variable-ratio schedule is a reinforcement schedule in which
desired behavior is rewarded following an unpredictable number of
behaviors.
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Question 19
1 out of 1 points
Central to the concept of agency is
, or the process whereby individuals
activate and sustain behaviors, cognitions, and affects, which are systematically
oriented toward the attainment of goals.
Selected
Answer:
Self-
regulation
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Question 20
1 out of 1 points
A teacher reinforces a child first for recognizing two letters of the alphabet, then for
recognizing four, then six, and so on. The teacher is using a technique called:
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
shaping.
The teacher is using the technique of shaping by praising
approximations of the desired behavior.
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Question 21
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following is the correct sequence of phases for understanding
observational learning?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Attention, retention, reproduction, motivation
Observational learning has a sequence of four phases: attention,
retention, reproduction, and motivation.
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Question 22
According to social cognitive theory, which is not an accurate statement?
1 out of 1 points
Selected
Answer:
Observing a model guarantees learning or later ability to perform
the behaviors
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Question 23
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following statements best fits a behaviorist's conception of learning?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Learning is a change in an individual caused by experience.
Learning is usually defined as a change in an individual caused by
experience.
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Question 24
1 out of 1 points
A key assumption of social cognitive theory is that people desire “to control the events
that after their lives” and to perceive themselves as
.”
Selected
Answer:
Agen
ts
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Question 25
1 out of 1 points
Whenever students turn in their homework, a teacher rewards them with computer
time. The more often they turn in their homework, the more they are allowed to use
the computers. Students have been turning in their homework with increasing
frequency. Thus, the computer time is serving as a(n):
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
reinforcer.
Computer time is a reinforcer to increase the likelihood that
students will turn in their homework.
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Question 26
1 out of 1 points
In Pavlov's experiments with dogs, which of the following best characterizes the role
of the bell (or tone), prior to conditioning?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Neutral stimulus
Neutral stimuli have no effect on a particular response-in this case
the bell prior to conditioning.
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Question 27
Which schedule allows for a constant number of behaviors required for
reinforcement?
1 out of 1 points
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Fixed ratio
A fixed-ratio reinforcement schedule is a schedule in which desired
behavior is rewarded following a fixed number of behaviors.
What type of reinforcer is a gold star that a student receives as a reward for
completing her homework?
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
Extrinsic
A gold star is an example of a reward given to motivate people to
engage in behavior that they might not do otherwise.
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Question 29
1 out of 1 points
Learning occurs either enactively or vicariously. Enactive learning involves learning from
whereas vicarious learning involves learning from
.
Selected
Answer:
The consequences of one’s own actions; observing
others or things
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Question 30
Which of the following illustrates Bandura's concept of self-regulation?
1 out of 1 points
Selected
Answer:
Response
Feedback:
A student engages in a desired activity after judging previous work
as well done.
Self regulation is the rewarding or punishing one's own behavior.
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Question 28
1 out of 1 points
