Question 1
0 / 3 pts
Of those things that are in the control of the researcher, what is a the most
important in determining causal inference?
Correct Answer
the research design
the type of statistical analysis
the results of the ANOVA
Y Ans
finding statistical significance
Question 2
3 / 3 pts
Assigning individuals to groups based on a variable related to (i.e., may
covary with the dependent variable) the study variable of interest is:
C !
matching
random assignment
random sampling
convenience sampling
Question 3
3 / 3 pts
The level of measurement for a 10-point pain scale where 1 is no pain and
10 is very painful is:
C !
interval
ratio
ordinal
nominal
Question 4
3 / 3 pts
If a researcher employs a convenience sample, we can safely apply it to a
hypothetical population if the:
C !
sample approximates a poulation in terms of meaningful characteristics
sample has the same number of men as women
sample was recruited in the same geography of the population
sample was made up of college students
Question 5
3 / 3 pts
The level of measurement has an absolute zero as a meaningful value is:
C !
ratio
interval
ordinal
nominal
Question 6
0 / 3 pts
What necessary standard of causal inference do nonexperimental studies
usually meet?
Correct Answer
covariation
temporal precedence
random assignment
Y Ans
control of extraneous variables
Question 7
3 / 3 pts
If an extraneous variable is associated with the independent variable and
affects the outcome of the dependent variable, it is considered a:
C !
confounding variable
temporal precedence
outcome variable
an independent variable
Question 8
3 / 3 pts
What does it mean if a sample is "representative"?
C !
it has similar characteristics as the population
it is unique
it is ethical
it is a convenience sample
Question 9
3 / 3 pts
Which of the following is NOT an example of a quantitative variable?
C !
gender
depression levels
batting average
reading level
Question 10
3 / 3 pts
Which of these is NOT a typical part of an experiment?
C !
manipulation of mediators
random assignment of participants to groups
two or more treatments, dosage levels, or interventions
assessment of the outcome variable
Question 1
3 / 3 pts
What is the goal of experimental design?
C !
to make it possible to test causal inference
to have good external validity
to prove a hypothesis
to find a correlation between variables
Question 2
0 / 3 pts
Approximately two-thirds of all values in the standard normal distribution fall
within how many standard deviations of the mean?
Correct Answer
1
6
Y Ans
3
2.5
Question 3
0 / 3 pts
What does it mean that variables must be systematically associated for
causal inference?
Correct Answer
they covary
Y Ans
one is causing the other
one occurs before the other
there is internal validity
Question 4
3 / 3 pts
Which of the following is NOT an example of a quantitative variable?
C !
gender
depression levels
batting average
reading level
Question 5
3 / 3 pts
Nonexperimental research designs:
C !
do not typically involve an intervention
cannot be used for correlational research
tend to have strong internal validity
must include random assignment
Question 6
3 / 3 pts
A normal distribution is NOT:
C !
exponential
bell-shaped
symmetrical
Gaussian
Question 7
3 / 3 pts
What is a biased sample?
C !
a sample that is systematically different from the population
a sample of people with strong opinions
a sample that has uneven groups
a sample that produces results that meet the expectations of researchers
Question 8
3 / 3 pts
The standard deviation of z scores:
C !
is one
is the same as the hypothetical population
is .05
is 1.96 when the sample size is large
Question 9
3 / 3 pts
The mean of z scores:
C !
is zero
is one
has a probability of .05
is the same as the mean of the sample
Question 10
3 / 3 pts
The Gaussian distribution is also known as the:
C !
normal distribution
exponential distribution
positively-skewed distribution
platykurtic distribution
