Research Paper: Annotated Bibliography Assignment
Lisa Tressler
CRST 209: History of Life
February 16, 2026
Mortenson, Terry. “Young-Earth Creationist View Summarized and Defended.” February 16,
2011.
https://answersingenesis.org/creationism/young-earth/young-earth-creationist-
viewsummarized-and-defended/.
This article explains the current dispute regarding the age of the earth and evolution that
unfortunately exist within the churches. It also provides a succinct vindication of the young-
earth creationist standpoint as the sole accurate interpretation of God’s Word, as well as why
this is significant for Christians. This article is derived from the archive “Answers in Depth” from
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the Answers in Genesis website, addressing topics such as history, theology, and modern
scientific research from a biblical worldview.
White, Monty. “Mind the Gap.” Answers in Genesis. January 1, 2007.
https://answersingenesis.org/genesis/gap-theory/mind-the-gap.
In this source, the “Gap Theory” is discussed in detail, from its inception to the various aspects
that contributed to its widespread popularity. This theory was initiated in 1814 by an esteemed
Scottish Presbyterian minister who promoted the notion of a time gap between Genesis 1:1 and
1:2. The cause was geological rather than spiritual and was likely a prime example of choosing
to follow Satan’s deception.
Mortenson, Terry, Thane H. Ury, and John C Whitcomb. “Coming to Grips with Genesis: Biblical
Authority and the Age of the Earth.” Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 2016.
https://archive.org/details/comingtogripswit0000unse_b7g5/mode/2up.
(Orig. pub. 2008.).
This will be a valuable source because the authors provide various theories and viewpoints
concerning the Creation account in Genesis. In fact, this book has greatly affected many
people’s opinions on the age of the earth, including Dr. John C. Whitcomb, Jr. he and numerous
other readers held old-earth creationist viewpoints and converted to young-earth creationism.
This resource also offers quality and assessments of both sides of the argument.
Morris, John D. “How Young is the Earth?” Institute for Creation Research. December 1, 2004.
https://www.icr.org/article/how-young-earth
Based on the same “earth is young” thesis as the Big Bang Theory, the material on this website
offered useful information about the young-earth theory. First of all, from a creationist
perspective, the earth surpasses everything else in creation concerning age; nothing else in the
universe is older than the earth. It was the first thing formed according to Genesis 1:1.
Custance, Arthur C. Without Form and Void: A Study of the Meaning of Genesis 1:2. Chapter 1,
“A Long-Held View.” Ottawa: Doorway Publications, n.d.
https://custance.org/Library/WFANDV/chap1.html
Custance evaluates medieval, Jewish, early Christian, and more recent scriptural writings to
show that interpreting Genesis 1:2 as depicting a demolished earth that was judged beforehand
greatly antecedes modern geological arguments. Also, he argues that the Gap Theory exhibits
an ingrained explanatory tradition within Biblical exposition, rather than from any effort to
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acclimate modern scientific advances. This chapter is relevant because it gives a historical basis
and demonstrates how the viewpoint increased across many decades of Biblical interpretation.
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Bibliography
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