Differences in SFT/NT Theories
Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) and Narrative Therapy (NT) are both postmodern social
construction models of family therapy. The subjective construction of reality is passed along
through our narratives, the stories we tell ourselves and one another. Individuals tend to be
problem-focused, and we construct negative and self-defeating negative narratives (Goldenberg
et al., 2017). Both theories strive to reconstruct our narratives and help individuals create
alternative ways to look at their stories. They do not pathologize for the problem; they address
the family and the problems in a multicultural context. Narrative Therapy encourages the family
to search for unique outcomes that do not fit the problem story. SFT uses various types of
questions to help the individual discover and amplify exceptions to the problem. Both are trying
to have the individual find time in their lives when the problem did not exist or was minimized.
The miracle question used by SFT therapists helps the individual see a future where things are
better, and the problem is no longer a problem. Narrative Therapy uses techniques to create and
reinforce alternative stories that help individuals stay focused on their new narratives. To
accomplish this, NT uses definitional ceremonies, therapeutic letters, and supportive leagues.
Besides the different questions SFT therapists use, formula tasks may be given to the individual
to help them watch for exceptions. Though they employ some different techniques, both theories
strive to help the individual and the family see the problem in new, more adaptive ways and
create new narratives. SFT therapists take a “not knowing” stance and see the client as the expert
(Goldenberg et al., 2017). They believe the client already knows how to alleviate the problem
and that change is inevitable (Goldenberg et al., 2017). SFT therapists focus on solution talk
instead of talking about the problem, and they use a therapeutic method of conversation with the
family.
References
Goldenberg, I., Stanton, M., & Goldenberg, H. (2017). Family therapy: An overview (9th ed.).
Cengage. Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.
King James Standard Version Bible. (2020). https://www.biblegateway.com (Original work
published 1973).
NT therapists do not see themselves as experts either, and they take a collaborative approach to
therapy. They use directed questions to help the family see the problem differently (Goldenberg
et al., 2017). Solution-Focused and Narrative Therapy helps individuals and families focus on
more positive aspects of life. These theories can easily be integrated into faith-based counseling.
As believers, we are to have a favorable view of life and allow the truths of scripture to help us
overcome our negative thoughts. One verse I like to share with those under my care is “Finally,
brethren, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just,
whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report; if
there be any virtue, and if there be any praise, think on these things” (King James Version,
1960/1995, Philippians 4:8). Let us focus our minds on the positive and not on the negative.
While both Solution-Focused Therapy and Narrative Therapy emerge from postmodern
thought, emphasizing the importance of language, meaning-making, and the collaborative nature
of therapy, they diverge significantly in their approaches, techniques, and views on problems.
SFT is more future-focused and solution-oriented, while NT delves into deconstructing and re-
authoring life narratives. Both offer unique ways to help individuals navigate challenges and
build more fulfilling lives.
Reply to Lara
Lara
SundayAug 13 at 2:07pm
Manage Discussion Entry
The two therapy models I chose to discuss are solution-focused and narrative
therapy (Goldenberg et al., 2017). The first difference between the two
therapies concerns time orientation. Solution-focused therapy is future-
oriented and focuses on identifying and working towards solutions rather
than dwelling on the problems or exploring the root causes extensively. Just
as God promises a hopeful future for His people (Jeremiah 29:11), solution-
focused therapists guide clients to envision a better tomorrow (New
International Version Bible, 1973/2011). The emphasis on identifying
strengths and resources resonates with the biblical message that our
weaknesses are made strong in God (2 Corinthians 12:9-10). By
acknowledging exceptions to the problem, we can see a reflection of how
God's grace can illuminate even the darkest of situations. Therapists using
this approach help clients envision a better future and identify small steps
they can take to reach their desired outcomes. The emphasis is on
identifying strengths, resources, and exceptions to the problem. Narrative
Therapy, on the other hand, is more past-oriented (Goldenberg et al., 2017).
It acknowledges that individuals construct their reality through stories and
narratives. Therapists using this approach help clients deconstruct
problematic narratives and co-create new, empowering ones. The emphasis
is on understanding the influence of cultural and societal stories on personal
identity and addressing how these stories impact the client's current
struggles. The approach to deconstructing harmful narratives aligns with the
scriptural call to renew our minds (Romans 12:2) and lay aside the old self to
put on the new self (Ephesians 4:22-24, New International Version
Bible, 1973/2011).
The second difference involves focusing on problems vs. context (Goldenberg
et al., 2017). Solution-focused therapy focuses directly on the problem and
finding solutions within the client's context. It encourages clients to shift
their focus away from the problem and toward what they want to achieve.
The therapist guides the client to explore exceptions to the problem and
when the issue was less severe, promoting a positive and forward-looking
mindset. As God calls us to face our trials head-on and seek His guidance
(James 1:2-5), solution-focused therapists help clients confront issues directly
while guiding them towards positive solutions (New International Version
Bible, 1973/2011). Exploring exceptions to the problem mirrors the biblical
principle of seeking moments of light even in times of darkness (Psalm
119:105). Narrative Therapy strongly emphasizes understanding the broader
context in which problems are situated (Goldenberg et al., 2017). It seeks to
deconstruct the dominant narratives contributing to a client's difficulties and
encourages them to explore alternative perspectives and stories. By
externalizing the problem and viewing it as separate from the person's
identity, clients can gain a sense of agency and empowerment to redefine
their relationship with the problem. The rich narratives of redemption and
transformation throughout the Bible underscore the importance of
understanding the broader context of our struggles. The practice of
externalizing the problem aligns with the biblical concept of putting on the
armor of God to stand against spiritual battles (Ephesians 6:10-18) and
separating ourselves from the identity of the problem (New International
Version Bible, 1973/2011).
It is important to note that solution-focused therapy and narrative therapy
share some common postmodern principles, such as valuing client expertise,
collaboration, and the belief that reality is socially constructed (Goldenberg
et al., 2017). Additionally, the collaborative and team-oriented approach
often associated with social constructionism can be used in various family
therapy models, including Solution-Focused and Narrative Therapy. Just as
the body of Christ thrives through diverse members working together,
families can experience healing and growth when multiple perspectives and
experiences are considered (Galatians 6:2, Romans 12:4-5, New International
Version Bible, 1973/2011). These techniques involve involving multiple family
members and perspectives in the therapeutic process, allowing for a more
comprehensive understanding and exploration of family dynamics and
interactions.
Hello Lara, thanks for your thoughtfulness in the differences between solution-focused and
narrative therapy, which I also chose to focus upon in my discussion in week 8. I found both
approaches interesting although both oppose strengths and weaknesses. We both integrated
into our discussion the orientation factor difference in the approaches when working with
clients, one dealing with the future, while at the same time narrative therapy engages in the
past. I love how you integrated Jeremiah 29:11 to bring these approaches with a biblical view of
God's promises for a better tomorrow (New International Version Bible, 1973/2011).
Individuals seeking spiritual guidance need to be reminded of His promises.
However, I do notice that we differ in some of our findings, and I particularly like how SFT uses
questions to help seek the existence of the client's problem and expose them to the miracle
question. SFBT has become more commonly utilized in school settings. It has been found to be
impactful in schools and effective while working with children (Sklare, 2014).
Hello Lara,
I appreciate your thoughtful analysis of the distinctions between solution-focused and narrative
therapy. Coincidentally, I also delved into these two therapeutic models in my discussion during
week 8. It is intriguing how both approaches present unique strengths while differing in their
methodologies.
Your observations on the time orientation aspect of these therapies are brilliant. One looks ahead
to shape a better future, while the other reflects on the past to reinterpret personal narratives.
Your reference to Jeremiah 29:11 beautifully connects these therapeutic concepts with the
biblical assurance of a promising tomorrow (New International Version Bible, 1973/2011).
Indeed, integrating spiritual dimensions into counseling can provide profound comfort and
direction.
However, our analyses seem to diverge in some respects. I find exploring SFT's strategic use of
questions, particularly the miracle question, intriguing. This approach exposes the nature of the
client's issues and offers them a vision of an improved future. Interestingly, Solution-Focused
Brief Therapy (SFBT) has gained traction in educational settings, proving effective, especially
with children (Sklare, 2014). This observation underscores the versatility of SFT and its
adaptability to diverse contexts.
In line with your reference to Jeremiah 29:11, I believe individuals seeking spiritual guidance
can significantly benefit from therapeutic approaches aligning with their faith. Incorporating
religious teachings into therapy can provide a robust framework for coping and growth. Just as
you have connected SFT's orientation with the biblical promise, other scriptural passages can
also resonate with the principles of narrative therapy. For instance, renewing the mind (Romans
12:2, New International Version Bible, 1973/2011) aligns well with the idea of deconstructing
old narratives to foster personal transformation.
New International Version Bible. (2020). https://www.biblegateway.com (Original work
published 1973).
Sklare, G. B. (2014). Brief counseling that works: A solution-focused approach for school
counselors and administrators. Corwin Press.
Moreover, your comparison of the therapeutic stance in both approaches highlights their shared
commitment to collaborative client-centered care. This mirrors the Biblical principle of serving
one another's needs in love (Galatians 5:13, New International Version Bible, 1973/2011).
Similarly, the emphasis on identifying strengths and exceptions in SFT reflects the Biblical
message of finding strength in God amidst weaknesses (2 Corinthians 12:9-10, New
International Version Bible, 1973/2011). Although both SFT and NT stem from postmodern
thought, their approaches, techniques, and views on problems differ. They both provide unique
ways to navigate challenges and build better lives.
In conclusion, while we have explored similar therapeutic models, your insights gave me a fresh
perspective on solution-focused and narrative therapies. The interplay between these approaches
and spiritual foundations illustrates the potential for a holistic and practical therapeutic journey.
Best regards,
Cheronda
References
