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Paper. Entwistle paper assignment 2
Integration of Spiritualty and Counseling (Liberty
University)
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Paper: Entwistle Review Assignment
Charles Igwe
School of Behavioral Science, Deoartment of Education and Family Studies, Clinical
Mental Health Counseling, Liberty University.
Couc 506_ D16_ 202230
Dr. Stephanie JW
Ford July 10, 2022
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Paper: Entwistle Review Assignment
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The Aims, Relationships, and Description between Six models
The Aim, Relationship and Description of Enemies model
The enemy model has allegiance to a worldview that excludes or significantly restricts
religious belief and the insights of human reason. It also offers rejection of process, rejection of
one perspective or discipline, and non-integrative paradigm. Enemy model comprises of secular
combatant, which has autonomous control and exercise of human endeavors, and Christian
combatant, that offer protection of religious authority and religious pronouncements against
corruption by human thinking (Entwistle, 2015, p. 186)
The Aim, Relationship, and Description of Spies Model
The Spies Model comprises Foreign and Domestic spies respectively. Foreign spies
have a pragmatic desire to use any means to aid human well-being, while in domestic spies, they
lack deep commitment to any religious system, have little investment in religious doctrine, or
tend to water down doctrine in favor of promoting their vision of temporal well-being. Both
foreign and domestic have selective rejection and selective plundering, rejection of orthodox
theological perspective, but recognition of the potential for religion to promote well-being. This
model is very manipulative in integration paradigm (Entwistle, 2015, p. 186)
The Aim, Relationship and Description of Colonialists Model
The Colonialist is imbibed in Christian psychology. It has major allegiance imbued to religious
system that accepts the importance of Christian doctrine and behavior. It offers appropriation of
psychological methods or findings that can illustrate or buttress the claims of their theological
proclamations. Colonialist offers filtering isolated psychological findings through proof-texts or
worldview that accepts or rejects findings without engaging discipline or methods of psychology. The
Colonialist theologically transforms psychology, and this model is very manipulative in integration
paradigm (Entwistle, 2015, p. 186)
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The Aim, Relationship, and Description of Rebuilders Model
The Rebuilder model believe in Christian Psychology because of its views in recovery of
psychological views from Christian scripture and tradition, especially in terms of wise counsel
for living; interaction with contemporary psychology with an aim towards building a unique
Christian psychology perspective. Criticism of modernist definition of psychology and its claims
of objectivity. Primacy of Christian framework and perspective. Recognition of the value of
empirical approaches to psychology. Postmodern, post-structural paradigm; Theology
Transforms Psychology. Criticism of modernist definition of psychology and its claims of
objectivity. Primacy of Christian framework and perspective. Recognition of the value of
empirical approaches to psychology. Postmodern, post-structural paradigm; Theology
Transforms Psychology (Entwistle, 2015, p. 186)
The Aim, Relationship and Description of Neutral Parties
The Neutral Parties believes in neutral levels of analysis, accumulation of knowledge,
and the protection of disciplinary sovereignty. They tent to accept the modernist division of
knowledge into discrete disciplines that are relatively autonomous. This model asserts the
legitimacy of psychology and theology as independent domains. Their emphasis is on
distinctiveness rather than unity. They are Non-Manipulative Integration Paradigm, and
correlates process (Entwistle, 2015, p. 186)
Allies
The Allies believes in recognition that human purpose is ultimately expressed when we
see ourselves in proper relationship to God. They allow discerning the underlying unity of truth
and using it for godly duties. This model is the main disciplinary goals of the model. It allows
psychological and theological methods to be used to gain a more holistic and unified
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understanding of truth. This allies’ model is a unifies all models, and it is non-manipulative
Integration Paradigm (Entwistle, 2015, p. 186)
