What are the independent and dependent variables in this study?
In order to first understand the studies performed in this A Gem of a study we must refer to the
textbook. According to the textbook, the independent and variables used in this study are
shown in Exhibit C-GEM 1-1 the Conceptual Model: The entrepreneurial sector and economic
growth graphic illustrates the process in which frameworks are gathers and processed through
dynamics, growth, capacity, and conditions that are socially, culturally, and politically studied
(Schindler, 2022). The independent variables of this study are the opportunities, the national
framework, and the entrepreneurial conditions, culture. The independent variables are
influenced by the dependent variables. The dependent variables in this case are economic
growth, domestic products, and jobs/ opportunities to the entrepreneur network. Luke 14:28
For which of you, desiring to build a tower, does not first sit down and count the cost, whether
he has enough to complete it? (New International Version & Version, 2011).
What are some of the intervening, extraneous, and moderating variables that the study
attempted to control with its 10-nation design?
These factors are theoretically affected by the dependent variable but cannot be observed nor
measured. In Exhibit C-GEM 1-2 Entrepreneurial framework: Cross-national comparisons of key
informant mutli- item indexes figure we are shown the 10 nation design studies in the topics of
culture, equity, debts, R&D, Education, Subcontractor and Legal/banking – Significantly the
graph shows there is only one nation in the favorable area and a few droppings into the
unfavorable area (Schindler, 2022). These results were populated over 1000 randomly selected
individuals. The perception of motivation leading the to match the need for business start up
and the latter of level of employment being the lowest of the results. The attempt is to find the
connections still in the independent and dependent variables.
Can you do a casual study without controlling intervening, extraneous, and moderating
variables?
There could be ways to demonstrate a casual study without controlling intervening, extraneous
and moderating variables. This being that without controlling variables the results have the
potential to not be as accurate or correct as the study would need all these variables in order to
have utilized correctly. Controlling variables alone give the researchers firsthand data and
dependent variable answers. This being that casual study research is specific to needing the two
variables and the ability to manipulate independent variables and control any other variables, if
not met these methods will need to result to nonexperimental research and data being pulled in
order to conduct any form of study. Questionnaires, standardized tests, observation checklist,
event notes, video or audio recordings, photographs, calibration among the devices that are
used to collected primary data. Experiments and observations studies are unique methods used
today (Schindler, 2022). Exploration is typically more loosely structured researched but with a
defined purpose and still ends up utilizing variables. When simple studies are performed the
unimportant are ignored and the researchers end up needing to identify the variables and
choose what research design might be utilized to measure the variables.
What is the impact on study results of using national experts (key informants) to identify and
weigh entrepreneurial framework conditions?
The impact of the triple bottom line is viewed in terms of economic break-even point, self-
defined social and self-defined ecological value- creation goal reached. Business sustainability
has been defined as the discovery, creation and exploration of entrepreneurial opportunities
that contribute to sustainability by generating social and environmental gains for others in
society, thus meaning relevant in understanding business sustainability. (Orobia, Tusiime,
Mwesigwa & Ssekiziyivu, 2020).
Although the nation structure is efficient and helpful to establish common ground among each
of these different 10 nations there needs to be more frameworks has to match all the variables
needed in the now and the future. Current events are huge economic factors in business and
these data pulls would need to be pulled almost quarterly and reviewed in order to see how the
information is showing and utilized if using the information to make changes. We have many
data points that could impact these results such as pandemic outliers, the war in Ukraine,
presidential changes and more. The Russian invasion of Ukraine started on February 24, 2022.
Russian forces were reported in major cities across Ukraine and there is claim this could be the
largest war in Europe since 1945. The war has resulted in humanitarian crisis, as thousands of
Ukrainians fled to the west of their country and abroad (Statista, 2023) This impacting the data
that could be key to studies. Perhaps suggesting that those who remain might be finding ways
to work as entrepreneur and not leave the home for safety concerns or moving abroad brough
on work form home basis and would impact.
Can you do a casual study when much of the primary data collected is descriptive opinion and
ordinal or interval data?
Theoretically, a hypothesis can be descriptive opinions that might have been performed from
personal research, however, how are you to be descriptive without any form of data (descriptive
opinion) and the study of ordinal data. The ordinal data that was found in Exhibit C-GEM 1-2
Entrepreneurial framework: Cross-national comparisons of key informant mutli- item indexes
figure shows the classifications and order of the groups over a period of time (Schindler, 2022).
Each country that was being pulled in this data could have many differences in perceptions of
entrepreneurship. Several methods have been proposed in data envelopment analysis (DEA) for
measuring efficiency in problems with interval or ordinal data (Ebrahimi, Rahmani, & Santos-
Arteaga, 2018). Therefore, including more countries in the study to see the influence of the
different variables. The statistical research and results that were pulled would need to be
continuously evaluated over different time periods to recognize the net effects and benefits and
repeated to ensure the study is of a reliable source in the long-term data needs.
References
Ebrahimi, Tavana, M., Rahmani, M., & Santos-Arteaga, F. J. (2018). Efficiency measurement in
data envelopment analysis in the presence of ordinal and interval data. Neural Computing &
Applications, 30(6), 1971–1982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-016-2826-2
New International Version, & Version, N. I. (2011). NIV Bible eBook (New International Version).
Amsterdam University Press.
Orobia, L. A., Tusiime, I., Mwesigwa, R., & Ssekiziyivu, B. (2020). Entrepreneurial framework
conditions and business sustainability among the youth and women entrepreneurs. Asia Pacific
Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 60-75. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-07-
2019-0059
Schindler, P. S. (2022). Business research methods (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Statista. (2023, January 23). Russia-Ukraine war 2022-2023 - statistics & facts.
https://www.statista.com/topics/9087/russia-ukraine-war-2022/
Reply #1
Joshua,
Joshua,
Thank you for bringing your insights and knowledge to the discussion surrounding these topics.
Upon reading your response I was delighted to see you too referenced to Luke 14:28 For which
you, desiring to build a tower, does not first sit down and count the cost, whether he has enough
to complete it (New International Version, 2011). In this verse it is perceived that before
commitment to the life of the disciple you should be counting the costs. In the event that before a
business you would be calculating all the variables, we discussed this week including building,
investigating, and calculating the costs of the tower before commitment to the business itself as
well as investing in yourself and how you would be available to build your own tower or work
alongside someone else’s tower.
Relevant to the questions asked for this case study with all research methods and techniques
mentioned and questioned to our class this week we are seeing the trend in methods of business
and the relationships between management and employees, data, and services and how this can
be processed to the best of the company. In Luke, it is the importance of sitting down and
ensuring all needs are being accessed not only accurately but also in a timely fashion.
I do want to speak more to the casual study and primary data you mention as we look deeper into
the figure of the textbook. The ordinal data that was found in Exhibit C-GEM 1-2
Entrepreneurial framework: Cross-national comparisons of key informant multi- item indexes
figure shows the classifications and order of the groups over a period of time (Schindler, 2022).
As I had mentioned in my reflection of this case study, each country that was being pulled in this
data could have many differences in perceptions of entrepreneurship. Several methods have been
proposed in data envelopment analysis (DEA) for measuring efficiency in problems with interval
or ordinal data (Ebrahimi, Rahmani, & Santos-Arteaga, 2018). The factors needed of more
countries in the study to see the influence of the different variables and the statistical research
and results that were pulled would need to be continuously evaluated over different time periods
to recognize the net effects and benefits to which are related to the data requests. The need to
frequently repeat and ensure the study is of a reliable source in the long-term data needs.
In entrepreneurism, the world is becoming increasingly competitive. Quality of performance has
become the key factor for personal progress. Parents desire that their children climb the ladder of
performance to as high a level as possible. The term of achievement refers to the degree or the
level of success attained in some specifics (Zargar, & Ganai, 2014). Though Entrepreneurship
has been around for decades the children in college at this time are more exposed to such
opportunities as we live in a far more virtual world that utilizes social networking. Entrepreneurs
are becoming increasingly recognized and also speculated as they utilized companies to build
their networks, marketing and might even be considered a fraud to some. This is creating the
need to prove oneself to the world and makes things more competitive and eager when
attempting to build their towers beyond that of the competitor. Similar to brick-and-mortar
companies, multi-level marking (MLM’s) and Network Marketing, Social Retail and other
unique names are that of the entrepreneur level and have been around for decades. Parents that
are doubting their children's abilities are taking away from their children's visions and successes
if they limit the ability of what one might be capable of.
Relatively each country that was being pulled in this data could have many differences in
perceptions of entrepreneurship. Several methods have been proposed in data envelopment
analysis (DEA) for measuring efficiency in problems with interval or ordinal data (Ebrahimi,
Rahmani, & Santos-Arteaga, 2018).
Of note it is important to recognize the abilities of all human beings for all beings are children of
God, faith and walk in the path of success if they are given the correct tools and encouragement
from their peers and surroundings successes can be accomplished.
References
Ebrahimi, Tavana, M., Rahmani, M., & Santos-Arteaga, F. J. (2018). Efficiency measurement in
data envelopment analysis in the presence of ordinal and interval data. Neural Computing &
Applications, 30(6), 1971–1982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-016-2826-2
New International Version, & Version, N. I. (2011). NIV Bible eBook (New International
Version).
Schindler, P. S. (2022). Business research methods (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Zargar, & Ganai, M. Y. (2014). Self-concept, learning styles, study habits and academic
achievement of adolescents in Kashmir a study on psychological variables and academic
achievement of adolescents in Kashmir. Anchor Academic Publishing.
References
Ebrahimi, Tavana, M., Rahmani, M., & Santos-Arteaga, F. J. (2018). Efficiency measurement in
data envelopment analysis in the presence of ordinal and interval data. Neural
Computing & Applications, 30(6), 1971–1982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-016-
2826-2
New International Version, & Version, N. I. (2011). NIV Bible eBook (New International Version).
Schindler, P. S. (2022). Business research methods (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Zargar, & Ganai, M. Y. (2014). Self-concept, learning styles, study habits and academic
achievement of adolescents in Kashmir a study on psychological variables and academic
achievement of adolescents in Kashmir. Anchor Academic Publishing.
Reply #2
Zachary, Thank you for your insights and knowledge behind this discussion for the week.
Upon reading your responses to the questions asked I wanted to note some findings myself.
According to the textbook, the independent and variables used in this study are shown in
Exhibit C-GEM 1-1 the Conceptual Model: The entrepreneurial sector and economic growth
graphic illustrates the process in which frameworks are gathers and processed through
dynamics, growth, capacity, and conditions that are socially, culturally, and politically studied
(Schindler, 2022). I speak to this diagram as I had noted you did not reference the textbook in
your reply and understanding of this might be of benefit to you.
I do believe the independent variables of this study are the opportunities, the national
framework, and the entrepreneurial conditions, culture. The independent variables are
influenced by the dependent variables. The dependent variables in this case are economic
growth, domestic products, and jobs/ opportunities to the entrepreneur network. You
mentioned that the dependent variable in this case is measured by looking at data from
increased job opportunities, new firms, business dynamics and in crease in growth domestic
product (GDP’s). Business essentials and data are very layered and detailed and need to be
addressed in order to have success.
Scripture provided in Habukkah 2:2 And the LORD answered me, and said, Write the
vision, and make it plan upon tables, that he may run that readeth it. (New International Version
& Version, 2011). In this scripture the planning of businesses is written down and the actions
are one running with it. Is this meaning that God himself had that of all of us as entrepreneurs
and business owners from the start? In entrepreneurism, the world is becoming increasingly
competitive. Quality of performance has become the key factor for personal progress. Parents
desire that their children climb the ladder of performance to as high a level as possible. The
term of achievement refers to the degree or the level of success attained in some specifics
(Zargar, & Ganai, 2014).
As you mentioned, the overall goal of this study in particular is to identify the variables
in a society that could increase entrepreneurial activities and results in economic growth. I have
a strong belief that children these days are going to continue to be the entrepreneurs in the
future as they live in convenience and virtual networking which are of essence in
entrepreneurship. One wants to make sure they are in front of their circle of friends and their
friends are sharing with their friends about the business and also the ability to continuously
grow your network from your home. In the previous decades this was not this easy as
networking was needed to be done in person, at events, appointments, work, grocery store
boards, newspaper ads. Gone are the days of this. Marking it’s a key important factor in owning
any business and social networks have given this leverage to business owners.
Business sustainability has been defined as the discovery, creation and exploration of
entrepreneurial opportunities that contribute to sustainability by generating social and
environmental gains for others in society, thus meaning relevant in understanding business
sustainability. (Orobia, Tusiime, Mwesigwa & Ssekiziyivu, 2020).
References
Ebrahimi, Tavana, M., Rahmani, M., & Santos-Arteaga, F. J. (2018). Efficiency measurement in
data envelopment analysis in the presence of ordinal and interval data. Neural
Computing & Applications, 30(6), 1971–1982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-016-
2826-2
New International Version, & Version, N. I. (2011). NIV Bible eBook (New International Version).
Orobia, L. A., Tusiime, I., Mwesigwa, R., & Ssekiziyivu, B. (2020). Entrepreneurial framework
conditions and business sustainability among the youth and women entrepreneurs. Asia Pacific
Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 60-75. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-07-
2019-0059
Schindler, P. S. (2022). Business research methods (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
The student must then post two (2) replies of at least 450–600 words by 11:59
p.m. (ET) on
Sunday of the assigned Module: Week (Part II). For each thread (Part I), there
are multiple
questions based off the case study; each question response must be
supported with at least 1
peer-reviewed source. Each thread must also include 1 biblical
application/integration. Each
response must be supported with at least 2 peer-reviewed sources and
include 1 biblical
application/integration (Part II). Note that the biblical application/integration
cannot be more
than 10% of the thread or replies.
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