Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
Annotated Bibliography- Quality Improvements in Health Care
BUSI 511
Dionne Gomes, Brittany Johnson , Athena North-Henderson,
Ricki-Lynnae Peake, & Dave Salzlein
Liberty University
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 2
Statement of Topic
Kiyonaga (2004) suggests that “the aging of the largest generation the United States has
ever known will affect every social institution from employment to health care. Precisely what
the impact will be is, like all future events, still a matter of prediction. That there will be a major
impact is not” (p. 357). This paper will seek to provide a perspective on the aging of the
workforce with specific attention given to: the potential roles available for the aging worker, the
training available and offered the aging worker, an exploration of implications for the
organization, and finally the role the strategic HR function plays in propelling the organization
forward in dealing with this issue.
Allen-Duck, A., Robinson, J. C., & Stewart, M. W. (2017). Healthcare Quality: A
Concept Analysis. Nursing forum, 52(4), 377–386. doi:10.1111/nuf.12207
Allen-Duck, Robinson, and Stewart argue that worsening quality indicators of health care shake
public trust. The article describes how although safety and quality of care in hospitals can be
improved, healthcare quality remains conceptually and operationally vague. The main objective
of this analysis is to explain in detail the concept of healthcare quality. The article identifies and
addresses four defining attributes: (1) effective, (2) safe, (3) culture of excellence, and (4) desired
outcomes. Based on the article, the definition of healthcare quality is “the assessment and
provision of effective and safe care, reflected in a culture of excellence, resulting in the
attainment of optimal or desired health (Allen-Duck, 2017).”
Amati, R., Kaissi, A. A., & Hannawa, A. F. (2018). Determinants of good and
poor quality as perceived by US health care managers. Journal of
Health
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3
Organization and Management, 32(5), 708-725. Retrieved from
https://searchproquestcom.ezproxy.liberty.edu/docview/2098674110/fulltext/
CCCE709B36EF4458PQ/1?accountid=12085
This article acknowledges the issues in health care and the attempts to improve with
quality initiatives. The authors reported “an essential ingredient for their success is
managerial involvement and support” (Amati, Kaissi, & Hannawa, 2018). For this
research, this article is a great resource to identify methods in correcting the problems
causing a lack of quality in health care.
Batalden P. (2018). Getting more health from healthcare: quality improvement must
acknowledge patient coproduction—an essay by Paul Batalden. The BMJ, 362,
k3617. doi:10.1136/bmj.k3617
Paul Batalden shares his learning from 10 years of studying change in pediatrics, community and
family medicine. He argues that modelling healthcare as either a product or a service neglects
essential aspects of coproduction between doctors and patients. In the article, Batalden discusses
how making services differs from making products, how our understanding changed the way we
think about healthcare systems, and what knowledge is needed to improve healthcare systems.
Batalden shares details how he integrated healthcare quality improvement. “We began to think in
terms of systems and processes, considering how to integrate improvement efforts with daily
clinical operations and professional development (Batalden, 2018). Integrating improvement
efforts in any clinical setting will allow positive change to occur.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4
Boonyasai, R. T. (2019). Medications and quality improvement: Both need the right dose to
be effective. Quality Management in Health Care, 28(3), 186-187.
doi.org.ezproxy.liberty.edu/10.1097/QMH.0000000000000222
Boonvasai presents his theory of quality improvement. He holds 2 advanced degrees from Johns
Hopkins University School of Medicine. He addresses the importance of modifying the
“evidence-based” practice surrounding the patient’s care. The author shares the finding from a
study focusing on “telephone follow up” after a patient is discharged called Patient Access
Line. “An evaluation of PAL in 2017 reported that patients who received a PAL call had 24%
lower adjusted odds of readmission than those who did not participate” (Boonvasai, 2019).
Braithwaite J. (2018). Changing how we think about healthcare improvement.
BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 361, k2014. doi:10.1136/bmj.k2014
In this article, Braithwaite describes how complexity science provides ways to change our
collective mindset about healthcare systems. It is stated that complexity science enables us to
improve performance that is otherwise stagnant. “A key message is that change is accepted when
people are involved in the decisions and activities that affect them, but they resist when change is
imposed by others. Policy mandated change is never given the same weight as clinically driven
change” (Braithwaite, 2018). This article helps us understand why system-wide progress has not
been as fast and to identify what have been the positive initiatives. Once that is identified,
Braithwaite states that we can then identify what new solutions are emerging that have made a
difference in the future of healthcare systems.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 5
Burke, R. E., & Werner, R. M. (2019). Quality measurement and nursing
homes: measuring what matters. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-
009447
Many times when discussing quality improvements in health care a lot of important details may
get over looked. The authors of this article are Professors at the University of Pennsylvania.
Burke and Werner conducted research on a nursing home to measure the quality of care given
there. In the article, they discuss the benefits of measuring what is important when it comes to
the quality of health care. “Measurement on its own can inform prospective nursing home
residents and their families. But, ultimately, we want quality measures to stimulate
improvement”(Burke & Werner, 2019). Having quality measurements are important when
trying to improve the quality of healthcare because it will show exactly where and what
improvements are needed.
Carayon, P., Karsh, B. T., Gurses, A. P., Holden, R., Hoonakker, P., Hundt, Montague,
E.,Rodriguez, J., Wetterneck, T. B. (2013). Macroergonomics in Healthcare Quality
and Patient Safety. Review of human factors and ergonomics, 8(1), 4–54.
doi:10.1177/1557234X13492976
The authors of this article focus on macroergonomics, which is a branch of human factors and
ergonomics that is based on the systems approach. Macroergonomics considers the
organizational and sociotechnical context of work activities and processes. The authors share
how selected macroergonomic approaches to healthcare quality and patient safety are described
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 6
such as the SEIPS model. This model is described as the work system and patient safety and the
model of healthcare professional performance. The authors focus on reviews on job stress and
burnout, workload, patient-centered care, health IT and medical devices, and care coordination.
All of which provide examples of macroergonomics contributions to healthcare quality and
patient safety. Healthcare systems and processes can be systematically redesigned to help
improve quality in healthcare.
Chen, W., Iqbal, U., & Li, Y. J. (2017). Healthcare quality improvements through
hospital accreditation compliance and effective procedure use. International
Journal for Quality in Health, 29(5), 603.doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzx103
In the United States acute care hospitals are well versed in accreditation programs, Center for
Medicare Services (CMS) uses The Joint Commission (TJC) to help monitor for compliance
with CMS standards. This article is relevant in our quality improvement research as it shows
how standards of quality are more likely to be met by and the recommended interventions to be
provided in an acute care setting where the facility was fully accredited by a third-party
organization. The article also acknowledges that stroke and hip fracture patients received a
noticeably higher rate of compliance in providing the safest most up to date interventions and
best practice procedures. As to the reliability of the study, it was completed in Demark but the
results are valid with the notation that further research should be done to determine the
identification of contributing factors.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 7
Ciasullo, M. V., Cosimato, S., & Palumbo, R. (2017). "Improving health care quality:
the implementation of whistleblowing", The TQM Journal, Vol. 29 No. 1, pp. 167-
183. doi: https://doi-org.ezproxy.liberty.edu/10.1108/TQM-06-2016-0051
The authors of this article attempt to provide a better understand of how whistleblowing
procedures influence organizational quality. They look at institutional, organizational and
cultural barriers to whistleblowing implementation. There is an interesting exploration of
whether whistleblowing is disloyal to an organization (p. 168). The main conclusions are
insights on how to best implement whistleblowing procedures to support managers and improve
quality of care.
Francis, I., & Katarey, D. (2015). Sowing the seeds for quality improvement in health care:
Does the solution lie with medical schools? British Journal of Hospital Medicine
(London, England :2005), 76(5), 308-308. doi:10.12968/hmed.2015.76.5.308
Francis and Katerey write this response to a recent article published in the British Journal of
Hospital Medicine. Physicians are considered the primary for approving patient care plans
therefore their buy in is critical for any quality improvement implementation and the ability to
maintain over time. This entry address that and suggests that embedding quality improvements
within medical school curriculum would ensure the viability and success of quality in the acute
care where the medical students will soon become internes and residents that would have less
time constraints of bedside medicine and could drive the initiative. Although the article is
response to another and requires further efforts to determine the likelihood of the addition but
makes a logic argument and will be useful to our quality research paper when exploring how to
maintain the quality drive.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 8
Giannin, M. (2015). Performance and quality improvement in healthcare organizations.
International Journal of Healthcare Management, 8(3), 173-179. https://doi-
org.ezproxy.liberty.edu/10.1179/2047971915Y.0000000002
Patient satisfaction surveys are widely used to determine the quality of services received from
health care facilities. Giannin, dives into the organization study focused on contributions that an
organization makes in performance improvement. Research around service and quality
improvements based on patient feedback and satisfaction survey results. Through research and
data review of satisfaction reports of relationships between patients and organization. The data
derived from this research was extracted from the review of library materials and interviews of
senior figures within healthcare organizations in Italy. The data is still worth consideration and
exploration of ideas.
Hayes, C. W., Batalden, P. B., & Goldmann, D. (2015). A 'work smarter, not harder'
approach to improving healthcare quality. BMJ Quality & Safety, 24(2), 100.
doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.liberty.edu/10.1136/bmjqs-2014-003673
The authors in this article discuss the IOM’s report “Crossing the Quality Chasm”. They
question if health health care is actually being made more difficult as we attempt to improve
quality. They suggest working smarter rather than harder to truly improve quality using the
aeronautical industry as an example.
Hoff, T., Prout, K. (2019). Physician use of health care teams for improving quality
in primary care. Quality Management in Healthcare, 28 (3), p. 121–129 .
doi:10.1097/QMH.0000000000000216
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 9
This article, written by a highly respected professor and author effectively discusses, the use of
Health care teams in the primary care setting to improve health care quality. Hoff is a professor
of Management, Healthcare Systems, and Health Policy at Oxford University. They both hold
advanced degrees in the subject from Northeastern University, Boston Massachusetts. Timothy
Hoff has a PhD from Green Templeton College. The authors acknowledge the importance of
team “greater utilization of teams and nonphysician providers, such as physician assistants and
nurse practitioners, could alleviate growing concerns about primary care provider shortages”
(Hoff and Prout, 2019).
Holt, K., Caglia, J. M., Peca, E., Sherry, J. M., & Langer, A. (2017). A call for collaboration
on respectful, person-centered health care in family planning and maternal health.
Reproductive Health, 14. Retrieved from
http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.liberty.edu/10.1186/s12978-017-0280-y
The authors contributed to conceptualizing the arguments presented in field of Reproductive
Health. This article draws focus to the issues surround quality care for those who fall into the
following category- reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (RMNCAH).
Collectively, these authors have taken a stand in making a plea for health care providers to come
together collectively with creative ideas to develop new approaches in servicing patients of
RMNCAH. “Promoting respectful, person-centered care requires recognizing the factors that
lead to poor treatment of clients, including gender norms and unsupportive working conditions
for providers” (Holt et al., 2017, p.3).
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 10
Jones B., Vaux E., Olsson-Brown A. (2019). How to get started in
quality Improvement. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 364 :k5408
Jones, Vaux, and Olsson-Brown (2019) describe how participation in quality improvement can
help clinicians and trainees improve care together and develop important professional skills. It is
described in the article that effective quality improvement relies on collaborative working with
healthcare professional colleagues and patients. “Engaging in quality improvement enables
clinicians to acquire, assimilate, and apply important professional capabilities such as managing
complexity and training in human factors (Jones, 2019). Utilizing a structured method and model
to work collaboratively in the healthcare setting will be beneficial for quality patient care as well
as a safe work environment for healthcare professionals.
Kruk, M. E., Gage, A. D., Arsenault, C., Jordan, K., Leslie, H. H., Roder-DeWan, S., ... &
English, M. (2018). High-quality health systems in the Sustainable
Development Goals era: time for a revolution. The Lancet Global Health, 6(11),
e1196-e1252. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30386-3
When generally speaking of our Health Care system one of the many things that may come to
mind is the quality and improvements that have taken place over the yeas However, measuring
the quality of healthcare may not come ne the first thing that comes to mind. An article in The
Lancet Global Health journal highlights the importance of having great quality in health care and
having techniques to measure the quality. The authors of this article are Professors at Harvard
University. This article will be useful for our paper as it provides statistics on populations that
have a lower quality of healthcare. This article also shows that measuring quality in health care
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 11
plays an important role in improving the quality in our health care system. “Health systems
should measure and report what matters most to people, such as competent care, user experience,
health outcomes, and confidence in the system” (Kruk, Gage, Arsenault, Jordan, Leslie, Roder-
DeWan, & English, 2019).
Mannion, R., & Davies, H. (2018). Understanding organisational culture for
healthcare quality improvement. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 363, k4907-
k4907. doi:10.1136/bmj.k4907
Quality and safety is directly influenced by the culture of a healthcare’s organization. Mannion
and Davies reviews links between culture and the quality of care within the healthcare system
and the influence of the overall organization’s environment. As we explore quality
improvement in our research this article will and explore how to incorporate the quality
improvements for patient care and safety. We will use this article to reference and defend the
claim that the culture of an organization determines whether change will be positively or
negatively received. We will also be able to address the importance of leadership, governance,
performance and individual skill and how they all make up the cultural mindset of healthcare.
McGonigal, M., Bauer, M., Post, C. (2019). Physician engagement: A key concept in the
journey for quality improvement. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly 42(2), p. 215-219.
doi:10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000258
The authors present themselves as reliable experts. Each hold an advanced degree required to
write the scholarly resource. The article talks about using quality improvement methodologies as
a foundation in improving quality of service. The study began by reviewing physician’s
engagement strategies resulting in
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 12
…appointing a Medical Director of Quality. This was the first step in the
pathway to success. It was important for the medical staff to have a peer who
could guide and instruct them on quality improvement practices and the
dynamics and structure of leadership (McGonigal, Bauer, & Post, 2019).
Melnyk, B. M., & Gallagher-Ford, L. (2015). Implementing the New Essential Evidence-
Based Practice Competencies in Real-world Clinical and Academic Settings: Moving
From Evidence to Action in Improving Healthcare Quality and Patient Outcomes.
Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 12(2), 67–69.
https://doi- org.ezproxy.liberty.edu/10.1111/wvn.12089
The authors of this article discuss how to implement Evidence Based Practice (EBP) in the real
world. The go into a detailed discussion of how EPB needs to transition from academia to real
world clinical practice including the barriers to be overcome. Their conclusion is “EBP must be
in the DNA of all transdisciplinary practicing clinicians and the foundation of care that is
delivered. It is only when this happens that we will have a healthcare system free of
complications, errors, and wasteful spending along with a healthier world for people across the
globe.” (p. 68).
Mortimer, F., Isherwood, J., Wilkinson, A., & Vaux, E. (2018). Sustainability in quality
improvement: redefining value. Future Hospital Journal, 5(2), 88-93.
doi: 10.7861/futurehosp.5-2-88
This article approaches quality improvement in health care from a sustainability point of view.
The authors of this article are apart of a medical group with the Royal College of Physicians. It
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 13
is known that our health care system is complex, however, many do not consider sustainability
apart of the system. This article gives examples of how to use sustainability in improving the
quality of healthcare and the importance.
“A sustainability lens may also bring immediate benefits to quality improvement, including new
motivation and energy for change, highlighting wastes and opportunities otherwise overlooked,
encouraging whole-systems thinking and directing projects systematically towards the highest
value improvements” (Mortimer, Isherwood, Wilkinson, & Vaux, 2018). The authors argue that
when sustainability is not included when determining the quality of health care, some factors
may not be included. They push not only providing results when obtaining improvements in
quality but also educating everyone involved, including doctors, nurse and patients.
Renedo, A., Marston, C. A., Spyridonidis, D., & Barlow, J. (2015). Patient and Public
Involvement in Healthcare Quality Improvement: How organizations can help
patients and professionals to collaborate. Public Management Review, 17(1), 17-34.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2014.881535
When discussing ways to improve quality of healthcare many times society may want to
participate but may not know exactly how. In this article researchers conduct a study where they
include not only collaboration from the physicians but from the patients to improve the quality of
healthcare. The authors of this article are Professors at the Imperial of London College.
“Patients can appropriate cultural elements they find within the organizational context of
involvement and use them in novel ways to support their participation and collaboration with
healthcare professionals”(Renedo, Marston, Spyridonidis, & Barlow, 2015).
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 14
Tasi, M. C., Keswani, A., & Bozic, K. (2019). Does physician leadership affect hospital
quality, operational efficiency, and financial performance? Health
Care Management Review.
https://doi.org/10.1097/HMR.0000000000000173
The authors are health care leaders in surgery and Perioperative care. Tasi is a Resident
Physician at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston Ma. Kewani is an Orthopaedical surgery
resident at mount Sinai Health System. Bozic is nationally recognized leader in orthopaedical
surgery and value-based health care. The purpose of this study is to examine whether hospital
systems receive higher ratings, financial performance, and operating efficiency if led by
physicians or non-physician managers. According to Tasi, Keswani, and Bozic (2019)
“physician leaders may possess skills, qualities, or management approaches that positively affect
hospital quality and the value of care delivered.”
White, M., Butterworth, T., & Wells, J. S. (2017). Healthcare Quality Improvement and
'work engagement'; concluding results from a national, longitudinal, cross-sectional
study of the 'Productive Ward-Releasing Time to Care' Programme. BMC health
services research, 17(1), 510. doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2446-2
The group of authors who collaborated on this article have a background in Nursing as well as
teaching as a professor in the Healthcare Workforce Innovation. The article shares how concerns
about patient safety and reducing harm have led to a focus on initiatives that improve healthcare
quality. It is stated that healthcare professionals have not been invited to fully engaged in Quality
Improvement (QI) in the past, resulting in apathy and resistance amongst this group of key
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 15
stakeholders. Due to this resistance, Productive Ward: Releasing Time to Care (PW) was
created. It is a ward-based QI program that helps ward-based teams redesign and streamline the
way that they work. This leaves more time to care for patients. PW is designed to engage and
empower ward-based teams to improve the safety, quality and delivery of care. “QI programs
adopted from industry and remodelled or adapted for the health care setting currently take a
variety of formats, including ‘Lean Healthcare’, ‘Six Sigma’, ‘Clinical Microsystems’ and the
‘Model for Improvement ( White, 2017).”
Zulman, D. M., Chang, E. T., Wong, A., Yoon, J., Stockdale, S. E., Ong, M. K., ... & Asch,
S. M. (2019). Effects of intensive primary care on high-need patient experiences:
Survey findings from a Veterans Affairs randomized quality improvement
trial. Journal of general internal medicine, 34(1), 75-81.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-019-04965-0
Research was conducted on the VA’s operating system. The authors of this article are Professors
at Stanford University and UCLA. During this study researchers implemented a new system for
the VA and saw major improvements in the quality of care. “Augmenting VA’s patient-centered
medical home with intensive primary care had a modestly positive influence on high-risk
patients’ experiences with care coordination and provider relationships” (Zulman, Chang, Wong,
Yoon, Stockdale, Ong, & Asch, 2019).
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 16
Smith, S. J. (2002). Workplace violence. Professional Safety, 47(11), 34. Retrieved from
http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?
did=239545531&Fmt=2&clientId=20655&RQT=309&VName=PQD
Smith (2002) gives critical analysis to the topic of workplace violence and highlights how ill-
prepared most U.S. companies are when faced with the reality of violence. In the research, she
provides several real world examples of workplace violence, the behavioral backgrounds and
pre-incident behaviors of the employees committing the violent acts. Smith (2002) further
contends that “employers have both a legal duty and moral obligation to provide a safe
workplace” (p. 39). In addition to this insight, the article contributes to the impact, causes, and
prevention of workplace violence. The suggestions are pliable to almost any organization.
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