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Neuroticism
A personality dimension describing people who tend to be anxious, insecure,
self-conscious, depressed, and temperamental.
(Part of the Big Five)
Openness To Experience
A personality dimension describing people who are imaginative, creative,
unconventional, curious, nonconforming, autonomous, and aesthetically perceptive.
Organizational Politics
A personality dimension describing people who are imaginative, creative,
unconventional, curious, nonconforming, autonomous, and aesthetically perceptive.
Organizational Politics
The use of influence tactics for personal gain at the perceived expense of others and
the organization.
Organization Personality
The relatively enduring pattern of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize a
person, along with the psychological processes behind those characteristics.
Power Distance
A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture accept unequal
distribution of power in a society.
Society Psychopathy
A personality trait of people who ruthlessly dominate and manipulate others without
empathy or any feelings of remorse or anxiety, use superficial charm, yet are social
predators who engage in antisocial, impulsive, and often fraudulent thrill-seeking
behavior.
Uncertainty Avoidance
A cross-cultural value describing the degree to which people in a culture tolerate
ambiguity (low uncertainty avoidance) or feel threatened by ambiguity and uncertainty
(high uncertainty avoidance).
Attribution Process
The perceptual process of deciding whether an observed behavior or event is caused
largely by internal or external factors.
Categorical Thinking
Organizing people and objects into preconceived categories that are stored in our
long-term memory.
Confirmation Bias
The processing of screening out information that is contrary to our values and
assumptions, and to more readily accept confirming information.
Contact Hypothesis
A theory stating that the more we interact with someone, the less prejudiced or
perceptually biased we will be against that person.
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Empathy
A person's understanding of and sensitivity to the feelings, thoughts, and situation of
others false-consensus.
Effect
A perceptual error in which we overestimate the extent to which others have beliefs and
characteristics similar to our own fundamental attribution.
Error
The tendency to see the person rather than the situation as the main cause of that
person's behavior.
Global Mindset
An individual's ability to perceive, appreciate, and empathize with people from other
cultures, and to process complex cross-cultural information.
Halo Effect
A perceptual error whereby our general impression of a person, usually based on one
prominent characteristic, colors our perception of other characteristics of that person.
Johari Window
A model of mutual understanding that encourages disclosure and feedback to increase
our own open area and reduce the blind, hidden, and unknown areas.
Locus of Control
A person's general belief about the amount of control he or she has over personal life
events.
Mental Models
Knowledge structures that we develop to describe, explain, and predict the world
around us.
Perception
The process of receiving information about, and making sense of, the world around us.
Positive Organizational Behavior
A perspective of organizational behavior that focuses on building positive qualities and
traits within individuals or institutions as opposed to focusing on what is wrong with
them.
Primary Effect
A perceptual error in which we quickly form an opinion of people based on the first
information we receive about them.
Recency Effect
A perceptual error in which the most recent information dominates our perception of
others.
Selective Attention
The process of attending to some information received by our senses and ignoring other
information.
Self-concept
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An individual's self-beliefs and self-evaluations.
Self-efficacy
A person's belief that he or she has the ability, motivation, correct role perceptions, and
favorable situation to complete a task successfully.
Self-enhancement
A person's inherent motivation to have a positive self-concept (and to have others
perceive him or her favorably), such as being competent, attractive, lucky, ethical, and
important.
Self-fulfilling Prophecy
The perceptual process in which our expectations about another person cause that
person to act in a way that is consistent with those expectations.
Self-serving Bias
The tendency to attribute our favorable outcomes to internal factors and our failures to
external factors.
