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what is the first step in self leadership
Goal Setting
You can't lead if you don't have
goals
When an employee feels empowered/important what are they finding in their role?
Meaning
what key terms are tied to employee empowerment?
self determination, meaning, competence, impact
What Frederick Winslow Taylor
Father of Scientific Management
- Job Specialization, Goal Setting
Job Specialization
the result of a division of labor, in which work is subdivided into separate jobs assigned
to different people
Scientific Management
the practice of systematically partitioning work into its smallest elements and
standardizing tasks to achieve maximum efficiency
What can Job Specialization breed?
boredom, physical tolls, tediousness, lower attentiveness, lower motivation
How do I counteract negative affects of Job Specialization?
change roles, cross training
What is Autonomy?
the degree to which a job gives employees the freedom, independence, and discretion
to schedule their work and determine the procedures used in completing it
-core motivational element of job design
-reduces stress
What is it called if I feel my Job has meaning?
Job Significance
What's one theme that can effect job specialization?
tedious but effective
Task Significance
the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the organization and/or larger
society
Advantages to Job Specialization
translates to speed of training, highly skilled in one area, higher product output, short
cycle time, improves work efficiency,
What are the challenges to individual reward?
It is harder to judge individual work in a team setting (aka what if one person doesn't
work at all but the boss doesn't know) so companies have shifted to team rewards
What are Performance Based Rewards?
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Individual and Team Rewards
What are Stock Options?
a reward system that gives employees the right to purchase company stock at a future
date at a predetermined price
-MOTIVATION
What are Profit Sharing Plans?
a reward system that pays bonuses to employees on the basis of the previous year's
level of corporate profits
What is Gainsharing?
team-based reward that calculates bonuses from the work unit's cost savings and
productivity improvement
What percent of China says their pay is variable?
75%
What percent of America says their pay is variable?
32%
What are Competency Based Rewards?
motivate employees to learn new skills
-skill based pay
What is Skill Based Pay?
People receive higher pay determined by their mastery of measurable skills
-its a type of competency based pay
What is Seniority Based Pay?
represent the largest part of most paychecks
-rewards increase with seniority
Disadvantages to seniority based pay
-Golden Handcuffs (they discourage employees from quitting because of deferred
bonuses or generous benefits that are not available elsewhere
- don't motivate job performance
Piece Rate Pay
a specific amount paid for each task done
(ex: maids get paid based on how many rooms they clean)
-commissions
job evaluation
systematically rating the worth of jobs within an organization by measuring the required
skill, effort, responsibility, and working conditions
Disadvantage to piece rate pay
pay reduces
What are characteristics of providing effective feedback?
-specific
-relevant
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-timely
-credible
-sufficiently frequent
What is feedback?
information that lets us know whether we have achieved the goal properly directing our
effort towards it
-CRITICAL FOR GOAL SETTING, clarifies role perceptions, strengthens self efficacy
What does goal setting affect?
Perception and motivation
-improves performance
What is a reinforcement schedule?
timing and frequency of reinforcers
-most effective is continuous reinforcement and variable ratio schedule
What is Continuous Reinforcement?
providing positive reinforcement after every occurrence of the desired feedback
What is the ABC Model?
theory that explains employee behavior in terms of the antecedent conditions and
consequences of that behavior
antecedent ->behavior->outcome
What is goal setting?
the process of motivating employees and clarifying their role perceptions by establishing
performance objectives
Four Drive Theory
a motivation theory based on the innate drives to acquire, bond, learn, and defend that
incorporates both emotions and rationality
Drive to Acquire
drive to seek out, take control, and retain objects and personal experiences
-motivates competition
Drive to Bond
drive to feel accepted, belong, affiliation
-motivates people to cooperate
Drive to Comprehend
people are inherently curious
-people are motivated to discover answers
Drive to Defend
the drive to protect ourselves physically, psychologically, and socially
-fight or flight response
What is the only drive in the four drive theory that is reactive
Drive to defend
What is the Need for Affiliation
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a learned need in which people seek approval from others, conform to their wishes and
expectations, and avoid conflict and confrontation
What is the need for Power
a learned need in which people want to control their environment, including people and
material resources, to benefit either themselves (personalized power) or others
(socialized power)
What is the need for Achievement
a learned need in which people want to accomplish reasonably challenging goals and
desire unambiguous feedback and recognition for their success
