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Concepts and Terms [ BUSI 240 - Document Ten]
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Concepts and Terms
BUSI 240
Document Ten
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Concepts and Terms [ BUSI 240 - Document Ten]
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People who define themselves mainly by their work (i.e. low complexity) tend to have lower
absenteeism and turnover.
Self-awareness and mutual understanding can improve through meaningful interaction.
Meaningful interaction is founded on the contact hypothesis, which states that under certain
conditions, people who interact will be less prejudiced or perceptually biased toward one
another.
The recency effect occurs when the most recent information dominates our perceptions. This
perceptual bias is most common when people are making an evaluation involving complex
information.
To illustrate how these three attribution rules operate, imagine a situation where an employee is
making poor-quality products on a particular machine. We would probably conclude that the
employee lacks skill or motivation (an internal attribution) if the employee consistently makes
poor-quality products on this machine (high consistency), the employee makes poor-quality
products on other machines (low distinctiveness), and other employees make good-quality
products on this machine (low consensus).
Selective attention is the process of filtering information received by our senses. It is the process
of attending to some information received by our senses and ignoring other information.
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Concepts and Terms [ BUSI 240 - Document Ten]
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Leaders need to develop and maintain a positive, yet realistic, expectation toward all employees.
Focusing on the positive rather than negative aspects of life will improve organizational success
and individual well-being.
The philosophy of positive organizational behavior states that focusing on the positive rather
than negative aspects of life will improve organizational success and individual well-being.
Which of the following improves self-awareness and mutual understanding that is founded on
the contact hypothesis? meaningful interaction
The recency effect is most common when making an evaluation involving complex information.
Unlike self-enhancement, self-verification includes seeking feedback that is not necessarily
flattering (e.g., "I'm a numbers person, not a people person").
Stereotyping is the perceptual process by which we assign characteristics to an identifiable group
and then automatically transfer those features to anyone we believe is a member of that group. In
this case, George believes that Sally won't be able to cope with her job because she is a woman.
Selective attention is the process of filtering information received by our senses. It is the process
of attending to some information received by our senses and ignoring other information.
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Concepts and Terms [ BUSI 240 - Document Ten]
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You can reduce the hidden area through disclosure, which is informing others of your beliefs,
feelings, and experiences that may influence the work relationship.
Perception is the process of receiving information about and making sense of the world around
us. It includes determining which information to notice, as well as how to categorize and
interpret it within the framework of our existing knowledge.
The halo effect occurs when our general impression of a person, usually based on one prominent
characteristic, distorts our perception of other characteristics of that person. When a supervisor
incorrectly rates an employee at a similar level across all performance dimensions based on an
overall impression of that employee, a halo effect occurs.
Personality is shaped by both nature and nurture, although the importance of each continues to be
debated and studied.
Nature refers to our genetic hereditary origins.
Nurture refers to our socialization, life experiences, and other forms of interaction with the
environment.
