Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
Annotated Bibliography
BMAL 501
Liberty University
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 2
Padilla, A., Hogan, R., & Kaiser, R. B. (2007). The toxic triangle: Destructive leaders,
susceptible followers, and conducive environments. , (3), The Leadership Quarterly 18
176-194.
This article analyses and discusses the qualities of toxic or destructive leaders in business. The
article states that one major characteristic of toxic leaders is that they are autocratic; they never
listen to people’s opinion and always insist on their own way. The article states that this mode of
leadership mostly leads to business failure. Art Padilla is a professor of management at the North
Carolina State University. Robert Hogan has a Ph.D. From the California University, Berkeley,
he is renowned for innovations in personality tests, leadership and organizational effectiveness.
Robert Kaiser is a fellow of Yale University and had a long-spanning caring as an associate
editor of the Washington Post. The article fits in the topic of research because it discusses
leadership; it is adequately broad and will fit in completing the paper because it discusses aspects
of destructive leadership.
Middlehurst, R. (2008). Not enough science or not enough learning? Exploring the gaps between
leadership theory and practice. , (4), 322-339.Higher Education Quarterly 62
This article discusses the toxic triangle of destructive leadership. It states toxic leadership is
highly ineffective especially in team leadership; it points out that toxic leadership has a
substantial bearing to organizational failure. The article is written by Robin Middlehurst, who is
a professor of higher education at the Kingston University; he is also an international strategy
