Name Lexi Wallace Date 7/28/20
Bio 101 Lab #12: All activities/questions are to be completed for a grade. Type
your answers into the Lab 12 - WS and save as Your last name _ Lab 12, ex:
Dingess_ Lab 12
Lab # 12: Mendelian Genetics
Part 1: A
Go to the following website and watch three tutorials (you’ll have to click next after each slide):
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/basics/
1. Under the Basic Genetics (right-side) watch the short videos to find the following
answers:
a. How long is your DNA? 3 billion letters long
b. Chromosomes are wrapped around histones, which are proteins .
c. Each human cell has 46 number of chromosomes.
d. Is the karyotype (ordered picture of chromosomes) that you are looking at a
female or male? male
e. Mosquitoes have 6_ number of chromosomes, Onions have _16 number of
chromosomes and carp have 104 number of chromosomes.
f. Heredity is the passing on of genes .
g. If we have 46 chromosomes, we get _23_ (#) chromosomes from an egg cell and
we get 23 (#) chromosomes from a sperm.
h. Once the sperm and egg fuse, they create a single cell called a zygote .
i. Looking at the karyotype, is the first baby a girl or boy? girl /
i. And the second baby?
j. List an example of a:
i. Physical trait -
ii. Behavioral trait -
iii. Predisposition to a medical condition -
k. What defines a:
i. Physical trait
1.
2.
ii. Behavioral
1.
2.
l. Predisposition to a medical condition –
1.
2.
m. Do you have hitchhikers thumb?
i. All genes have alleles. For example; the gene for eye color has multiple
alleles like brown, blue and hazel.
ii. If both alleles (the one we inherit from Mom and the one we inherit from
Dad) are both upper case, it is referred to as dominant.
1. If both alleles are lower case it is referred to as
recessive (same word as previous answer).
2. If one alleles was upper case and one was lower case, it would be
referred to as .
3. Which would alleles would you have hitchhikers thumb?
iii. What alleles would do you have? (can have multiple
answers, either HH, Hh or hh).
iv. Could two parents without hitchhikers thumb have a child with
hitchhikers thumb?
v. If two parents were heterozygous, what are the possible alleles for their
offspring?
1.
vi. If one parent was homozygous dominant and one was homozygous
recessive for hitchhickers, what would be the only allele combination
their children would have?
1.
n. Incomplete dominance is
i. Example:
2. Under ‘More about Chromosomes’ click on ‘Interactive Explore – Make a Karyotype’
a. Drag each of the chromosomes to their matching counterpart.
b. After you have completed the Karyotype, take a picture of the screen with your
name and data on a piece of paper next to your screen.
Part I: B
3. List five traits you have (listed above) and whether they trait is dominant or recessive
a. Trait 1: straight tip nose - Dom or Rec D
b. Trait 2: dimpled chin - Dom or Rec D
c. Trait 3: dark hair - Dom or Rec D
d. Trait 4: free earlobe - Dom or Rec D
Insert your karyotype picture here
e. Trait 5: freckles - Dom or Rec D
A. Monohybrid cross- one trait
(TT, Tt)- tall plants
(tt)- short plants
Tt X Tt
Show the possible genotypes for the following crosses using a Punnett square. List the number
of phenotypes for each cross.
T
t
3_:_1
T t
# of tall plants: 3
# of short plants: 1
Monohybrid cross phenotypic ratio is always:
Part 3: Inheritance of Co-dominant Traits
Procedure: Label and complete the Punnett squares for the following blood types including
genotypes and phenotypes. See Figure 14.11 in your textbook.
IBi x IAi
Genotypes Phenotypes
IAB AB
IAB AB
IAA A
IBB B
T
T
Tt
Tt
tt
IAA
IAB
IAB
IBB
IAIA x IAi
Genotypes Phenotypes
IAA AA
IAi Ai
IA A
Rr x Rr
Genotypes Phenotypes
R R
Rr Rr
Rr Rr
r r
Part 3: B
Go to the following website, then click on ‘virtual lab’, and finally on Blood Typing.
http://www.classzone.com/books/hs/ca/sc/bio_07/labs.cfm .
Note that you will have to open the lab manual and type a prediction for each blank before the
program will let you proceed.
1. What happened on plate 1?
a. The blood clumped together in plates B and Rh
b. Blood type? B, Rh
2. What happened on plate 2?
a. no clumps were formed
b. Blood type? none
3. What happened on plate 3?
a. clumps formed in all of them
b. Blood type? A, B, Rh
4. What happened on plate 4?
a. clumps formed on A and Rh
IAA
IAi
IAi
IA
R
Rr
Rr
r
b. Blood type? A, Rh
5. Which, if any, of the blood samples tested can the patient with Type B+ blood receive?
Explain why.
a. 1 and 3. Clumps formed, meaning they are compatible
6. Explain how you were able to use your knowledge of how different types of blood react
with Anti-B, Anti-B, and Anti-Rh antibodies to determine the blood types of the four
samples.
a. When clumps form, you can figure out the blood type
7. If a person has Type A blood, he or she would have antibodies for what blood type?
a. B and Rh
8. Why is Type O negative blood known as the universal donor?
a. because their red blood cells have no A, B
or Rh antibodies
9. If a person has Type O blood, what type(s) of blood would she not be able to receive?
a. A, B Rh
10. Is knowing the ABO blood type(s) of a potential blood donor enough to determine a
suitable match? Explain.
a. the ABO blood group type is not enough to determine a suitable
match because Rh factor or antigen should also be considered
during blood transfusion.
11. What might happen if someone with Type A received a transfusion of Type B blood?
a. the immune system would attack the new blood cells and destroys
them.
Part 4: Inheritance of Incompletely Dominant Traits
Cc x Cc
Genotypes Phenotypes
C C
Cc Cc
Cc Cc
c c
Part 5: Inheritance of Sex-linked Traits
XBXb x XBY
Genotypes Phenotypes
XBXB B XBY BY
XBXb Bb
XbY bY
C
Cc
Cc
c
XBXB
XBY
XBXb
XbY
