FOOD SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL
CULTIVATION IN THE ASPECT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Introduction
United States is blessed by God Almighty with a variety of biological natural
resources that have an important role for life. Therefore, it needs to be managed and utilized
in a sustainable, harmonious, harmonious, and balanced manner for the greatest prosperity
of the people. A sustainable and environmentally sound development system needs to be
developed in national development in a comprehensive and integrated manner. One of them
is national development that is directed to improve the welfare of Farmers. In other words,
an advanced, efficient, and resilient Agriculture has an important role in achieving national
development goals, namely the creation of a just and prosperous society based on Pancasila
and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of United States. Sustainable Agricultural
Cultivation System as part of Agriculture is essentially the management of biological natural
resources in producing Agricultural commodities to meet human needs in a better and
sustainable manner by preserving the environment. Therefore, in line with improving the
quality of human resources to realize advanced, efficient, and resilient Agriculture,
Sustainable Agriculture Farming System is developed based on the principles of usefulness,
sustainability, sovereignty, integration, togetherness, independence, openness, equitable
efficiency, local wisdom, preservation of environmental functions, and state protection.1
Good environmental and spatial management (allocation) is the key to the implementation of
sustainable agricultural cultivation.
The implementation of Agricultural cultivation can be organized through
extensification, intensification, and diversification by considering climate change which is
inseparable from the framework of the agribusiness system as a whole, namely from the
stages of land use and / or other planting media, seeding, planting, release and entry of Plant
Seeds, and Animal Seeds or Animal Seeds, animals, water utilization, protection and
maintenance of Agriculture, harvesting, to post-harvest. The success of Agricultural
development through the implementation of Agricultural cultivation will also not run well if
it is not supported by the availability of Agricultural Cultivation Facilities and Agricultural
Cultivation Infrastructure. The utilization of land for the purposes of agricultural cultivation
is adjusted to the provisions of spatial planning and land use, which is carried out with due
regard to suitability Land suitability and capability as well as environmental preservation,
especially soil and water conservation.2 Land suitability and capability as well as
environmental conservation must be a serious concern of the government, especially village
officials who are in direct contact with farmers and farmer groups.
The implementation of agricultural cultivation must be carried out effectively and
efficiently. Therefore, guidance is very important and is an obligation of the Central
Government and Regional Governments in accordance with their authority. In addition to
guidance, in the implementation of Agricultural cultivation, supervision is also carried out to
ensure that Agricultural Cultivation Facilities, Agricultural Cultivation Infrastructure, and/or
Agricultural products are in accordance with predetermined quality standards as well as to
overcome various negative impacts that are detrimental to the wider community and the
preservation of the function of Agriculture environment. Community involvement in the
implementation of agricultural cultivation is needed as a counterweight that can be done in
the form of providing proposals, responses, objections, suggestions for improvement, and/or
assistance.3 Supervision is an important point to ensure sustainable agricultural cultivation
facilities, without good supervision, the purpose of the enactment of Law Number 22 of
2019 concerning Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation Systems will not be achieved.
One of the cases that often pops up and becomes a topic of conversation every year in
the discourse on the fulfillment of ESCR is the case of food insecurity. The right to food can
also be termed the right not to be hungry. The government is required to seriously address
the issue of food insecurity cases in relation to its responsibility to fulfill the right to
adequate food in the context of protection of human rights.4 As an anti-test, terminology can
be defined as a condition of the inability of individuals or groups of individuals to meet the
minimum food needs for a healthy and active life. Various conditions, in addition to food
shortages, such as lack of nutrition, illiteracy, absence of civil liberties and democratic
rights, discrimination, disease, and various forms of deprivation of personal property rights
(entitlement), are forms of poverty that create suffering. (Amartya Sen, 2001:xiv).6
Therefore, food insecurity is a frightening specter for the community, apart from being a
primary life need, the occurrence of a paradigm shift from agrarian to residential
development can be a disruptive factor for national food security.
Research Methods
This type of research is normative legal research.7 The data used is secondary data
consisting of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The collected legal
materials are then analyzed qualitatively.
Research Results
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
Government Policies on Food Security
The government must implement a food policy, which ensures food security covering
food supply, diversification, safety, institutions and organizations. This policy is necessary
to enhance food self-reliance. Development that ignores self-reliance in the basic needs of its
population, will become very dependent on other countries, and that means becoming a
country that is not sovereign.9 Talking about food security, the source of reference is the
Law of the Republic of United States No. IX 18/2012 on Food. The law stipulates that food
security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state up to individuals, which is reflected in
The availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, which is safe, diverse,
nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with the religion, beliefs and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. RI Law No. 18/2012 on Food not only talks about food security, but
also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty
with food resilience and food safety. Food sovereignty is the right of the state and nation to
independently determine food policies that guarantee the right to food for the people and that
give the community the right to determine the food system in accordance with the potential
of local resources.
There are several principles that are directly or indirectly related to food security that
must be considered:10
- Households are the most important unit of concern for meeting national food needs as
well as those of communities and individuals.
- It is the state's obligation to guarantee the right to food of every citizen gathered in the
smallest community unit to obtain food for survival.
- Food availability includes aspects of food sufficiency and food quality.
- Food production which determines the amount of food as an activity or process of
producing, preparing, processing, making, preserving, packaging, repackaging and or
changing the form of food.
- Food quality values are determined on the basis of food safety criteria, nutritional
content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food safety is a condition and effort needed to prevent food from possible biological,
chemical and other contaminants that can disturb, harm and endanger the human
condition.
- Food equity is an important dimension of food justice for the community, the size of
which is largely determined by the degree of the state's ability to guarantee the food
rights of citizens through the distribution system of food production. food distribution
system distribution system that it has developed Principle Equity Food equity
mandates that the national food system must be able to guarantee the right to food for
every household without exception.
- Affordability food presents equal degree of freedom of access and control that each
household has in fulfilling their food rights. This principle is one of the important
dimensions of food justice.
The concept of food security as mentioned above can be further summarized into
aspects:
- Food availability: food sufficiency.
- Food safety: food that is free from the possibility of biological, chemical and other
contaminants that can cause harm to the environment disturb, harm and endanger the
human condition, as well as guaranteed quality (food quality), namely meeting the
nutritional content and trade standards for food and beverage ingredients.
- Food equity: a food distribution system that supports the availability of food at all
times and equally.
- Affordability Food affordability: the ease with which households can obtain food at
affordable prices.
Food is the main basic need for humans that must be fulfilled at all times. The right to
obtain food is one of the human rights, as mentioned in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution
as well as in the Rome Declaration (1996). These considerations underlie the issuance of
Law No. 7/1996 on Food. As a basic need and one of the human rights, food has a very
important meaning and role for the life of a nation. Food availability that is less than the
demand can create economic instability. Various social and political upheavals can also
occur if food security is disrupted. This critical food condition can even jeopardize economic
stability and national stability. For United States, food is often identified with rice as it is the
main staple food. Experience has shown us that disruptions to food security such as the
skyrocketing price of rice during the 1997/1998 economic crisis, which developed into a
multidimensional crisis, have triggered social insecurity that endangered economic stability
and national stability National. Thus, community food security must be one of the
government's priority programs every year.
The strategic value of rice is also due to the fact that it is the most important staple
food. The rice industry has a great influence in the economic field (in terms of employment,
growth and dynamics of the rural economy, as a wage good), the environment (maintaining
water use and air cleanliness) and socio-politics (as the glue of the nation, realizing order
and security). Rice is also the main source of nutritional fulfillment which includes calories,
protein, fat and vitamins. In consideration of the importance of rice, the Government always
strives to improve food security, especially from increased domestic production. These
considerations are becoming increasingly important for United States due to its increasingly
large population with a wide population distribution and scattered geographical coverage. To
meet the food needs of its population, United States requires the availability of food in
sufficient quantities and distribution, which meets the adequacy of consumption as well as
sufficient national stocks in accordance with the operational requirements of extensive and
dispersed logistics. United States must maintain its food security.13 If food can be
maintained properly, then United States can be sovereign in the field of food and no longer
need to import food from neighboring countries such as Thailand and Vietnam.
Relationship between Food and Human Rights
Talking about food cannot be seen in terms of availability and affordability alone,
leaving food issues to the market mechanism directly or to the market not leave sovereignty
in the hands of others. On the other hand, producers such as farmers, fishermen, indigenous
peoples, and rural communities, both men and women, are often not an important factor to
be considered, this can be seen how policies to reduce food prices get more attention than
the fulfillment of decent food prices for producers. Understanding how food sovereignty
can be seen in terms of spatial justice, both on land and at sea. The threat to food sovereignty
can be seen from the conversion of agricultural land.14 Therefore, the enactment of Law No.
22/2019 on Sustainable Agricultural Cultivation System is one of the government's efforts to
stop or at least put a brake on the conversion of agricultural land which is currently
increasingly massive.
The right to food includes three main pillars, namely availability, access and
eligibility. Therefore, in order to guarantee everyone's right to food, these three pillars must
be used as the basis for implementing national efforts to fulfill the right to food, while what
is meant by availability, access and eligibility is as follows:15
- Availability refers to the possibility of either feeding oneself or having a well-
functioning and comprehensive distribution, processing and market system to
respond to the demands of differently situated people as well as those in need This
aspect includes not only the quantity but also the quality of food, which relates to
nutritional issues and respecting traditional diets.
- For the right to food to be fulfilled, physical and economic access is required.
Physical accessibility means that food must be accessible to everyone, including
children, the elderly or disabled, as well as people living in remote places. Economic
access means that food must be affordable without compromising other basic
needs such as education fees, medical services or housing. However, food prices
continue to rise so many United Statess are not always able to enjoy nutritionally
balanced meals that meet minimum nutritional needs. This is especially true for the
urban poor, traditional fishers, indigenous peoples, and subsistence farmers.
- Feasibility means that food must meet dietary needs, which are appropriate to a
person's age, living conditions, health, occupation, gender and so on.
According to Arif Haryana, Poverty can be defined as a condition in which a person or
group of people, men and women, do not fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a
life of dignity. An understanding of "poverty" must move from a rights-based approach. In
this understanding, it must be It is recognized that all people, both men and women, have the
same basic rights. Poverty must also be seen as a multidimensional problem, no longer
understood only as economic inability, but also failure to fulfill basic rights and differences
in treatment for a person or group of people in living a life with dignity. The rights-based
approach means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the
poor in stages. Basic rights that are generally recognized include the fulfillment of food,
health, education, employment, housing, clean water, land, natural resources and the
environment, security from the treatment or threat of violence, and the right to participate in
socio-political life, both for women and men. Basic rights do not stand alone but influence
each other so that the non-fulfillment of one right can affect the fulfillment of other rights.
Based on this, the relationship between food security and human rights is in the
availability, accessibility and feasibility of food itself.
Conclusions
Food security is a condition of food fulfillment for the state to individuals, which is
reflected in the availability of food that is sufficient, both in quantity and quality, safe,
diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable and does not conflict with religion, beliefs, and
culture of the community, to be able to live healthy, active, and productive lives in a
sustainable manner. The Food Law not only talks about food security, but also clarifies and
strengthens the achievement of food security by realizing food sovereignty (food soveregnity
with food resilience and food safety, because food security is part of human rights.
