GLOBAL WARMING AS A GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM
Clara Shinta
Arizona State University
Course
Professor Fendry
April, 2024
Week 3
Introduction
Nowadays, environmental issues, especially global warming, are becoming a concern
for the international community. The issue of global warming has actually emerged since the
18th century, although not as big as it is now. The beginning of this issue was marked by the
Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution is a change in the production system from
human power to machine power. This revolution occurred after the invention of the steam
engine by Thomas Newcomen, and was further developed by James Watt. Steam engines are
considered more practical and efficient in production activities compared to humans. This
then encouraged the establishment of many factories and supporting transportation equipment
as a means of distributing manufactured goods. The Industrial Revolution also led to the
massive mining and use of coal, which then caused massive air pollution.
This issue didn't get much attention until in 1827 a French scientist named Jean-
Baptiste Fourier came up with a theory called the "greenhouse effect". The theory states that
what happens in the layers of the atmosphere is similar to what happens inside a greenhouse.
In 1896, Svante Arrhenius, predicted a 5 or 6°C rise in the Earth's temperature as a result of
increased carbon dioxide production. The issue only really came into focus after Roger
Revelle and Hans Suess published their scientific research on the high role of humans in the
production of greenhouse gases. It wasn't until the 1980s, when the issue was brought into the
political sphere, along with the high use of fossil fuels and the high desire and interest in the
environment.
Global warming or often called Global Warming is an event where the temperature
increases and is also an imbalance between the ecosystems on earth so that it causes a process
to increase the average temperature in the atmosphere such as water vapor, carbon dioxide
(CO2), methane (CH4), dinitrooxide (N2O) and chloroflorocarbons (CFCs) in the atmosphere
resulting in some of this heat in the form of infrared radiation remains trapped in the
atmospheric layer which then absorbs and reflects back wave radiation that has been emitted
on the earth's surface. The result is that the heat will be stored on the Earth's surface. This
problem occurs repeatedly, causing the Earth's average annual temperature to continue to rise.
Exhaust gases from vehicles, factories, and exhaust gases from community activities
accumulate in the atmosphere and then capture heat energy from the sun, causing the earth's
temperature to rise.
So, in essence, global warming is the increase in temperature on earth as a whole or
globally such as the temperature of land and land on earth which causes direct and indirect
effects on the future of the earth including humans and other living things.
The phenomenon of global warming or global warming has been felt by the human
race on earth. Various layers or international elements both in social community groups
(NGOs), individuals, government institutions, NGO institutions from regional to international
are concerned that if this phenomenon is left alone it will certainly have a broad impact and
will threaten the survival of life on earth. Responding to these concerns, the countries of the
world together have given more attention to global warming.
Research Methods
This paper was prepared using a qualitative method with a qualitative descriptive
approach. The descriptive approach method in this research is used in order to be able to
more deeply narrate the phenomena and findings in the field. "Research methods with
descriptive techniques are research aimed at solving problems that exist in the present or
focus on solving problems, the data obtained will be collected, then compiled, explained, and
then analyzed (Imam Gunawan, 2013)". The qualitative approach research method is one of
the research methods based on the philosophy of postpositivism, which is carried out so that
in researching on natural objects, (as opposed to experiments or experiments) where the
researcher is a key tool, techniques for obtaining data are triangulated or mixed, analysis of
the data obtained is inductive or qualitative, and the results of qualitative approach research
emphasize the meaning of generalization. "Research with a qualitative approach has the
following signs: (1) data from research is obtained directly from field research, and not from
laboratories or research under monitoring; (2) exploration of data is carried out in a natural
way, using the technique of visiting the natural conditions of the subject; and (3) to get new
results in the form of response categories, researchers must be able to develop dialogical
conditions as a natural situation (Chairi Anis, 2009)".
To collect relevant data, researchers use secondary data sources, namely data obtained
from relevant scientific journals, scientific articles, news, and related official websites.
Secondary data is all information obtained through indirect means, namely by reading
documents that record the situation related to the research concept (or related to it) in the
analysis unit that is made the object of research. Secondary data is obtained from literature
studies, complementary primary data and literature related to this research, such as through
the internet, mass media, laws and related documents. The researcher's data collection
technique uses the library research method to support the issues raised.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
Discussion
Being environmental issues that have been discussed for more than a decade, these
two environmental problems have a line that intersects so that they are related to each other.
Even so, both have differences in certain contexts.
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic
changes on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two different, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other.
Impact of Global Warming
Global warming has a wide impact and greatly affects life for humans, animals and
plants on earth. Here are some of the impacts of global warming, including:
Melting of mountain glaciers
A glacier is a layer of ice found at the height of a mountain. This layer of ice is
formed from the process of accumulating snow over a long period of time, from tens
to hundreds of years. This ice sheet will experience melting in the summer, where the
water drains rivers or fills lakes.
Currently, glaciers are shrinking at a drastic rate as a result of global warming.
The Quelcayya ice sheet in Peru, for example, has been shrinking by more than 600
feet or 182 meters each year. Or take Kilimanjaro, where glaciers have shrunk by 80
percent since 1912. The large amount of glacier melt can cause catastrophic flooding
due to the inability of rivers or lakes to accommodate the increasing volume of water.
In addition, glaciers store about 69 percent of the world's freshwater resources. In
addition to floods, the world is under threat of a freshwater crisis given the high
number of people in the world, about 75 percent of whom depend on glaciers for their
freshwater needs.
Melting ice caps and rising sea levels
Rising surface temperatures of the Earth and oceans are causing the ice sheets in
Antarctica and Greenland to melt. This can increase the volume of sea water and
cause an increase in sea level, which can flood and submerge coastal areas or low-
altitude areas. This is certainly a threat given that many island nations or a large
proportion of the world's population live in coastal areas.
One of the countries directly affected by rising sea levels is the Maldives. This
Indian Ocean country has an average elevation of only 1.5 meters above sea level,
with a peak elevation of 2.3 meters above sea level. With rising sea levels, it is
predicted that in the next century there will be a rise in sea water of up to 59
centimeters, where many islands from the Maldives will sink. Not only the Maldives,
but Pacific island countries like Tuvalu are also facing the same problem.
Pollution of freshwater sources
Freshwater pollution as a result of global warming is caused by two things,
flooding and seawater intrusion. During floods, many materials are washed away -
including various types of wastes - and these wastes can contaminate freshwater
supplies. Seawater intrusion, on the other hand, is caused by the rising sea level,
causing the mixing of freshwater in the surface and aquifer layers with seawater.
Affects ecosystems, both land and sea.
Global warming is affecting both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An example
can be observed on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, where rising seawater
temperatures have caused severe damage to coral reefs - known as coral bleaching -
by up to 95 percent. This damage could threaten the many species that call the Great
Barrier Reef home. Melting polar ice caps also pose a threat to polar bears and
penguins. Not only in the ocean, global warming also affects ecosystems on land. The
high temperature of the Earth's surface can affect tropical rainforests and the various
species within them, including creating forest fires. Examples of species threatened by
global warming include the Andean bear, Tanzanian forest bird and Bengal tiger.
Global Perspective
There are international regimes outlined in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are
particularly prevalent in Europe. Among them are the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP
(Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in
1988. However, all three emphasize the issue area of air pollution. For scientists and the
general public alike, the most visible determinant of global warming has been air pollution
since the industrial revolution until now.
Several major countries in the world have allied and agreed or signed and ratified the Kyoto
Protocol, one of which contains urging countries with developed industries to minimize the
discharge of greenhouse gases. Some countries have also ratified the UNFCCC through "Law
Number 6 of 1994 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change," the interrelationship between climate change and global warming so
that many existing regimes give the same place to both issues, climate change and global
warming.
In another article written by James K. Sebestian, "Designing Negotiation Toward a New
Regime: The Cases of Global Warming" explains that there is no regime that addresses the
issue of global warming specifically, but there are approaches to the issue through two
approaches based on previous negotiation experiences, namely the Law of the Sea and CFC
negotiations on the Ozone layer. There is a need for sustainable development efforts.
Sustainable development can be understood as a human movement or effort that is not only
oriented in the economic aspect but many aspects of life in it. With this economic aspect, it
will have a positive impact on efforts to minimize the issue of global warming by connecting
environmental and social aspects into it.
Not only related to the agreement, in the global world there is a political party called green
parties. In the article "The Critical Comparison of the Green Parties' Phenomena between
United States and Thailand" written by Eko Priyo Purnomo, environmental problems that
occur encourage many scientists to look for solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also
in practice. Green parties have been created as a solution when conventional parties cannot
handle issues related to the environment. It is an effort that can be beneficial for reducing and
maintaining environmental problems. Initially, this phenomenon was successfully established
in Europe in 1980 where the Grunen party in Germany took place including in elections and
even the first party in Australia in the early 1970s. Although there are some critics that are
against this idea, such as Marcovits and Gorski, these ideas have been reproduced around the
world such as United States and could be in Thailand.
United States Perspective
United States is one of the countries that has a fairly high concern related to the
environment, and to create sustainable development. United States has been concerned about
the environment since the 1960s where the first history was the launch of a seminar on
Environmental Management and National Development held at Padjajaran University on
May 15-18, 1972.
As a form of United States response in reducing the impact of global warming, United
States ratified several treaties related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 2004
and the Paris Agreement (CoP) in 2016, which essentially committed United States to reduce
carbon gas emissions and reduce the threat of climate change by keeping global temperature
rise from exceeding 2 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the Paris Agreement even limits the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
In addition, United States is also concerned about the impact of global warming in
United States. This can be seen with the realization of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning
Environmental Protection and Management where in this Law, Global Warming is one of the
aspects emphasized.
In addition, there are many more efforts made by United States in order to reduce the
impact of global warming, such as preventing deforestation that is rampant in United States.
Forest loss in the tropics is believed to contribute between 18% and 20% of all carbon
dioxide gas emissions. So there is an urge to reduce the level of deforestation as a step to
reduce the impact of Global Warming.
Solution
There are several solutions to reduce the potential for global warming that is getting
worse, below are some of the solutions we offer to reduce the adverse effects of Global
Warming:
Reforestation (replanting deforested forest)
Many actions from humans are used to achieve momentary benefits, namely
destroying forests. Forests that have a vital function as a natural balance continue to be
destroyed by irresponsible people. The solution to this problem is to make and strengthen
existing regulations on forestry and reforestation of deforested forests. In addition to the
action of illegal logging, deforestation can also be caused by fires and landslides. In
addition to preventing Global Warming, forests can also prevent floods, landslides and
will make the temperature cool and fresh.
Using public transportation
By using a private vehicle, it will cause wasteful use of fuel. We can realize that every
vehicle that uses fuel will definitely emit exhaust gases in the form of CO2 and CO, these
gases if they are in large quantities can cause a significant greenhouse gas effect until
finally there is global wrming or increasingly severe global warming.
Not cutting down trees carelessly
Trees are the largest producers of O2 or oxygen in the world. In a day we breathe
using oxygen every day we breathe requires Oxygen, and it is the trees that provide
oxygen for us every day. Fewer trees will cause CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas to freely roam
and eventually make the earth hotter .
Energy Saving
Saving energy is something that needs to be done and easy to do, for example by
turning off the lights during the day, and using energy-saving lamps. Where at this time
there are many innovations for energy-saving lamps such as LED lamps. Why should we
save energy?, this is done because if we are wasteful in using energy, more and more coal
is used to grow energy such as electricity. But if we can save money then coal burning
can be saved too. Coal combustion also contributes a very large amount of gas that causes
global warming.
Building a house design with sufficient ventilation
When building a house, it would be nice to design enough and proper ventilation, so
there is no need to use air conditioning all the time this is because CFCs produced by air
conditioners can trigger global warming.
Plant trees in your yard
Global warming that is currently happening does not just happen. Humans have
caused the amount of carbon dioxide to increase, even though the number of trees that can
absorb carbon dioxide is decreasing day by day. It's like we increase the amount of carbon
dioxide but we reduce the material that can eliminate carbon dioxide. Take advantage of
the yard to plant a variety of plants. You don't have to plant teak or mahogany trees, you
can plant ornamental plants or other plants that have green leaves and have the potential
to produce oxygen. Imagine if all people did the same thing, the need for oxygen could be
met in the immediate environment.
Conclusion
Global warming and climate change are two different phenomena that cause drastic changes
on earth. Global warming causes climate change in some cases, such as increased
temperatures resulting in more rainfall and modifying the lowest and highest temperatures in
certain regions. Human interference is a common factor, which is both accelerating, as air
pollution contributes to global warming and climate change. These are two distinct, yet
interrelated phenomena, with one affecting the other. There are international regimes outlined
in treaties such as conventions and protocols that are particularly prevalent in Europe. These
include the Helsinki Protocol in 1985, the LRTAP (Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution) convention in 1979, and the Sofia Protocol in 1988. Most countries in the world
have ratified several treaty agreements related to Global Warming, such as the Kyoto
Protocol in 2004. The environmental problems that occur encourage many scientists to seek
solutions not only in theoretical aspects but also in practice. Green parties have been created
as a solution when conventional parties cannot handle issues related to the environment.
