Assignment
History of United States
2024
THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR OF 1861-1865 AND ITS IMPACT ON THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE AMERICAN ECONOMY
Daniel Olpahmens
Week 1
January 24th, 2024
Introduction
The civil war that occurred in the United States did not just happen but all started
with the problem of slavery t h a t occurred in the superpower. With this condition, the two
regions in the American state became at odds, namely the countries in the South and North.
And with the existence of slavery also makes the American states in the South and North
conflict and further worsen the situation. The population that in the South American region
were very angry and displeased with the greater profits made by the countries in the North.
The huge profits made by the North came from the sale of cotton and the underdevelopment
of the South was the cause of the increasing power of the North. On the other hand, people in
the North of America considered the phenomenon of slavery in the South of America as an
"odd institution" that made the countries in the South of America more underdeveloped and
backward. In fact, it is common knowledge to many people that slavery in the southern region
of America is their main economic source.
From the existence of this phenomenon, many say that the North of America is called
a "Free State" while the South of America is called a "slave state". The problem of slavery
itself has existed since 1830 in America and the land in America has also not been divided
into territories so that this phenomenon can lead to civil wars that occur in the American
region itself. The countries in the Americas, especially those in the northern and southern
regions, had different understandings of each other. This is what triggered the civil war in the
Americas. North America wanted them to be a country that embraced freedom. With this
thought, the people in the North American region strongly condemned and did not accept
slavery, because it was inversely proportional to their understanding of freedom. However, on
the contrary, countries in the South of America strongly disagree with the thoughts of people
in the North American region who strongly condemn t h e name slavery. In the American
South, slavery was important. For people in the southern region, the phenomenon of slavery
itself has existed since 1850. They have an understanding that their job is only to teach the
slaves English and form a representative of their people (the slaves).
An influential figure from the North American country, Abraham Lincoln, had the
ambition to serve as head of state or president of America at that time. He wanted America to
be a country that embraced the notion of freedom and abolished the phenomenon of slavery
that occurred, especially slavery that occurred in the southern American region.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
Research Methods
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Where this qualitative research
uses a method that emphasizes aspects of understanding that are carried out in depth to
understand a particular case or problem. As expressed by a researcher, Meleong, who was
quoted by Herdiansyah in 2010, said that this qualitative research is a scientific research
which certainly has the aim of providing an understanding of a natural phenomenon by
carrying out a process of interaction and also careful and in-depth communication between the
researcher and the problem or phenomenon what he wants to study.
A researcher, Saryono, in his work in 2010 also revealed that this qualitative research
can also be used to investigate, discover, explain and describe some features that come from
social influences as well and cannot be explained, measured, calculated using quantitative
research methods. Meanwhile, according to 2 world researchers, namely Bodgan and Taylor
in 2006, said that qualitative research is research steps which can then produce and present
descriptive data that can be understood by readers through the words written in the research.
In addition to the research method, the approach that will be used to discuss this
research uses historical biography. Where this research seeks to explain and spread about the
long history of the American civil war that occurred around 1861. It can be seen from the
word historical itself which has the meaning of history where the approach used is seen from
a historical perspective or history itself regarding important and influential events at that time.
In addition, research using this historical method has its own purpose, namely to reconstruct
events that occurred in the past by finding historical evidence or digging up further
information about a historical event itself. In addition to the historical approach, researchers
also use a biographical approach, which means by digging up information or using previous
research as a reference or source of information about the role or influence of the figures
involved in an event. To obtain accurate research results, information is needed or data to
support t he writing. Usually in the form of information data in the form of documents,
important archives, documentation, and using historical library materials.
Research Results
In a superpower known as the center or mecca of the world economy, the United
States (US) has also experienced or been hit by a fairly massive war that even occurred
between parts of its own territory. The civil war that occurred in Uncle Sam's country took
place in 1861-1865. You could say that the civil war that occurred in the US at that time was
the first civil war involving weapons in the industrialized world. This happened because the
United States was already very superior in the field of the weapons industry itself so that the
war became the first war of weapons in the history of mankind. It can be said to be superior
because in Uncle Sam's country it has been very intensified by the discovery of the latest
innovations that greatly facilitate and help mankind such as the discovery of railroads,
steamships, weapons that have been mass-produced and so on.
The root of the civil war in the United States at that time was due to the election of
someone named Abraham Lincoln as leader or head of state in the US. But in the end there
were some citizens or people who felt dissatisfied because of the election of Lincoln as their
leader. Those who felt dissatisfied chose to leave and secede from the country and form their
country and confederation according to their own agreement. Finally, Jefferson Davis was
elected as the leader of those who broke away because of the election of President Lincoln in
the US.
In addition to the reason there were some parties who disagreed because Lincoln
served as president, there was another reason underlying the civil war that occurred in Uncle
Sam's country, namely because they had not divided the territory over the states in the US.
Territories are different from states in the US, they tend not to choose who will lead their
territory as people living in the states of the United States want a leader for the continuity and
progress of their country and they hope that the existence of a leader can make their country
clear in its direction and purpose. In addition, as explained earlier, there are differences in
views between the two regions in the US. People in the North tend to adhere to the notion of
freedom and do not support slavery because it is very inversely proportional to the views of
the North they are. Meanwhile, in the Southern United States they strongly adhere to a strong
slavery system. They consider poor people who have no property to be their slaves. The
elected leader or head of state in the federal state (Abraham Lincoln) came from the Northern
United States which adheres to the notion of freedom and opposes slavery. That's why the
people in the South strongly rejected Lincoln when he came forward and led his country, the
United States. Because of this phenomenon, America lost several of its states. On February 1,
1861 the southern region as many as 6 states seceded from the United States. Followed on
February 7, the seven countries formed their own government or confederation led by
Jefferson Davis.
Economic, Social, and Political Factors of the Civil War
In the American South, the economy relied heavily on agriculture. The main
commodity produced by the Southern people is cotton. Where the cotton income in the South
once soared to a high of 80% in 1850 and all of that was inseparable from the existence of
the slavery system itself. Whereas in the United States the Northern region is very
intensifying the economy in the industrial sector. In the Northern region there are many
industrial factories that employ immigrants from Europe, besides that they also employ the
community in the factory as factory laborers, but the factory labor is very different in context
from the slavery system run in the South. The industry tried new innovations such as building
or producing railroads and so on. In addition, the economic system in the South and North
was quite different. The South did not apply very high prices or tariffs and they tended not to
envision a taxation system. They also do not want an increase in prices for goods sold there
and want relatively cheap and stable prices. Whereas in the Northern United States they use
prices or tariffs that are quite high on their manufactured goods. They also tend to set a tax
system on imported goods entering their territory. And besides that, they can also develop
their territory such as improving roads, increasing production from the money derived from
these high taxes for the sustainability and progress of their country. In contrast to the South
American region, they tend not to want t o improve their region for the better and become a
developed region like in North America.
Social Field
The American South was dominated by the white a r is t oc ra t ic class. The whites
who were more dominant in the South did not just come out of nowhere but because of the
influence of politics at that time which required the arbitrariness carried out by their leader
King Charles 1 in his home country of England and his power was overthrown by the
opposition party there. Then Charles and his loyal followers moved and fled to the Southern
United States and there began to return to the initial system of acting arbitrarily and like to
oppress his people and they created a slavery system in the Southern region. They persisted in
their stance not to abolish the slavery system there because in their eyes this slavery system
supported their economy.
Politics
In American politics, people in the South tended to want attention and protection
because they used the slavery system to produce cotton. Therefore, white people from the
South began to expand their territory or look for new states to continue to support this slavery
system. The people in the North of the United States were finally furious because they saw the
South intensifying slavery. Because of these differences in views and understanding, in 1830
the conflict between the South and North intensified and people in the North formed an anti-
slavery or slave abolition movement.
The political systems in the two regions were different. The Northern Territory
desperately needed politics for the progress of its territory such as building public facilities
and infrastructure such as roads and railways. Meanwhile, the South sought political support
from the center of the federal government to protect this slavery system.
Post-Civil War Conditions for the US Economy
Economic improvement in the United States is inseparable from the assassination of
President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at WDC. The cause of Lincoln's death was
because he was accused of undoing or limiting the freedom of citizens in the United States.
After the president of the United States at the time Lincoln was killed, Johnson took over and
tried to restore the economic system in the United States at that time. President Abraham
Lincoln during his leadership apparently freed slavery by paying compensation. However
From this policy, there are several groups that are very opposed, one of which is a radical
group. This radical group hopes for an abolition without compensation. Johnson's presence at
that time tried to restore not only in the political field by improving the behavior or character
of radical groups but restoring the United States economy. Johnson abolished the existing
slavery system, abolished the right of states to secede from the federal government and also
the United States territory of the North was given the right to control or supervise the
expansion to the west and they were also given the right to industrialize without having to be
disturbed or distracted by the South. But there are still some requests from radical groups to
implement all these policies not only in the economic but political and social fields in the
South. To ensure that the values of the North are maintained throughout the country. Radical
groups also asked to free black laborers as citizens. However, this request contradicted the
thoughts of Jhonson who did not like the existence of black people as American citizens
because Johnson thought that these black people would become good American citizens and
carry out all their duties with full responsibility. However, the opinion of Johnson's leader at
that time was widely opposed by his own people and in the end Johnson inevitably had to
recognize these black people as legal American citizens. But even though these black people
have been legally recognized as citizens, they do not have full freedom in filling seats in
government or parliament. One example is in the South Carolina region where the majority of
government seats are white people at 50% and black Negroes there are not the majority in
government.
Long-term economic impact of the American Civil War
The victory of the Civil War between the Southern and Northern United States
abolished the slavery system at that time. A lot of people who had been used as slaves by
people in the Southern United States returned to their original lives which were usually only
as small farmers to make a living. Usually these small farmers apply profit sharing with the
landowner. During the reconstruction period between 1865 and 1876, the South American
region attempted to carry out reforms such as industrialization carried out by the majority of
people in the North American region.
The Civil War that occurred in the United States brought new changes in the field of
modern economics. Before the civil war, currency had not been created and still relied on the
gold dollar. But after this civil war, paper money was created as a currency exchange rate in
America. The banknotes began printing in 1861 and were fully supported by the Union.
Conclusions
The civil war that occurred in the United States involving the South and North
occurred in 1861-1865. The factor behind the civil war was due to differences regarding the
existence of the slavery system at that time which took place in the South of America. People
in the North strongly criticized these actions, which angered people in the South of America
so that conflict and war could no longer be avoided. The situation that had heated up was then
coupled with the election of Abraham Lincoln, a person from North America as president,
which aroused the dislike of the people in the South of America and they finally chose t o
secede. The war caused various impacts that were not trivial, one of which was in the
economic field. It can be seen that before the civil war, people only used gold dollars as a tool
for buying and selling transactions, but after the civil war, paper money was created and the
industrialization system in America was intensified.
