CONSUMER PROTECTION ON FOOD SAFETY AND FOOD
QUALITY ASSURANCE OF FOOD & BEVERAGE PRODUCTS BY
FRANCHISEES
Introduction
Along with the development of the business world in the culinary industry which
continues to develop into the modern era, the culinary franchise industry is growing very
rapidly and has emerged in recent years as one of the culinary specialties favored by
consumers. This growth occurs along with the development of the industry as a whole into
the modern era. Similarly, various types of businesses run, one of which is through a
franchise system, are very popular in the business world and are used by business owners
who want to grow their company in a short time. One example of this type of business is a
fast food franchise.
One of the business models accessible to companies in United States, which has
resulted in much success for these companies, is the franchise business model. This is
demonstrated by the growing number of businesses in United States that have a franchise
system, also sometimes referred to as local or domestic franchises, as well as the growing
number of global or international franchises mushrooming in the country. These two trends
illustrate this point. It is important, before continuing the discourse, to explain what exactly is
meant by the terms "global franchising" and "international franchising." Franchise systems
that were established outside of United States but are now conducted domestically are
referred to as global or foreign franchises. While a local or domestic franchise is an United
States franchise system that can be operated domestically or overseas, an international
franchise is only available in that country.
The Institute of Management Development and Education (IPPM) was given the task of
conducting research on the policies that need to be obtained in order to foster, develop, and
prevent franchise businesses in United States by the Directorate General of Domestic Trade,
which is part of the Trade Unit of the Republic of United States. The advancement in
business that has been made as a result of the franchise system is the reason why this practice
exists.
The expansion of companies had to be coordinated with the progress made in the area
of consumer protection, especially with regard to the growth of companies operating under
the franchise model for various types of food and beverages. As a consequence of this, the
government has been forced to exercise some degree of quality control over the goods it
makes available to the public. According to what is stated in the preamble of the 1945
Constitution of the Republic of United States ("1945 Constitution"), which states that it is the
responsibility of the government to protect the entire United States nation and all the blood
that has been spilled and the history of United States and to maintain public safety, United
States citizens who have become consumers have the right to obtain products both from
ingredients and processing.
By achieving collateral exemption for food and beverage items, customers will have
more confidence in the business actors. This is because customers will see that their needs
and desires as customers have been met. Some of the goods pushed by commercial
businesses that do not yet have certification of processed food from BPOM are those where
the number of customers is very limited. These products are examples of niche markets that
these players are trying to penetrate. One of them is a company that operates as a food and/or
beverage franchise in several independent eating places. stalls, or in the form of stands that
are currently much favored by the public and have a large market because of their taste, fast
serving, relatively close distance, and can also be a source of income stand in this context
refers to a place that offers food and drinks and is currently popular among the public.
Products and services suitable for dining produced by companies operating under this
franchise structure are readily available everywhere in United States. These items are the
result of franchise opportunities that attract a lot of attention from those who are interested in
starting their own businesses or who are already running their own companies. This is
because of the profit prospects presented by business owners who are willing to share their
business with other individuals so that those individuals can test it out. People or groups of
people who want to become entrepreneurs quickly but do not have sufficient knowledge or
experience but are willing to pay relatively affordable fees may want to consider investing in
a local or domestic franchise. This type of franchise can be viewed as an investment option.
On the other hand, global or international franchises are often chosen because the procedures
are easier to understand, the brand is usually better known and appreciated by customers in
general, and the franchise itself is more prestigious.
Franchise businesses in the food and beverage sector with brands from other countries,
such as Breadlife from Japan, McDonald's from the United States, KFC from the United
States, Aribica from Japan, and other similar businesses. In contrast, franchise companies in
the realm of local or domestic brands such as CFC from Jakarta, J.co&Coffee from
Singkawang, Esteh United States from Bogor, Solaria from Surabaya, and so on are examples
of such companies. People in United States recognize these franchise companies because they
maintain excellent quality control and standards in terms of taste, service, pricing, or sales
strategies, all of which directly or indirectly relate to the customers who enjoy the food
components they consume.
The establishment of high quality and standards in relation to service and sales
practices, which can be done directly or indirectly. There are several items that all food and
beverage companies operating under this franchise system need to fill out and have in place.
One of them concerns the safety status of goods that have been given a stamp of approval by
the Food and Drug Administration. BPOM is a guarantee of food safety and food quality,
making it an important reference in the items that will be advertised to customers. Because
until now, not all entrepreneurs in the food and beverage industry who run the type of
franchise companies that are well known or widely consumed have previously obtained this
accreditation.
The government in this case has regulated consumer rights in obtaining products
marketed by business actors, namely in Law Number 18 of 2021 concerning Food and Law
Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (PK Law). What is meant in Article 8 of
the GCPL is that business actors are prohibited from making and / or promoting goods and /
or offers that no longer meet or no longer meet the specified requirements and statutory
provisions; no longer in the form of internet weight, internet or internet content, and the
amount in this comparable calculation claimed in the logo or customs goods; no longer in the
form of size, dosage, weight and quantity in the calculation for the actual size; no longer
forms the situation, guarantee, privilege or advantage and is mentioned in the logo, character
or story of the goods and/or services; no longer determines the quality, content, coating, work
approach, style, shape or characteristic and claims in the logo or story of the product and/or
offer; now no longer in accordance with the agreements claimed in the logo, manners, tales,
commercial or revenue advertisements of the products and/or offers; no longer coinciding
with the expiration or period of use/utilization or unique items; now no longer reviewing the
inauguration of the invention in a halal manner, and the statement "halal" is shrouded in the
logo; now no longer to join a person or make a product story that carries the item's call,
dimension, internet or internet weight/content, arrangement, arrangement of use, along with
manufacture, side effects, call and address of the perpetrator company and various
descriptions of use that for its dedication must be included/made; no longer to include data
and/or orders for the use of goods in United States in accordance with the provisions of laws
and regulations.
The descriptions that have been contained in the background of this study, so that
problems can be found with the following points related to legal protection for consumers of
product quality of food and beverage business actors with a franchise system and legal
remedies for consumers against franchised food and beverage entrepreneurs who do not have
product safety certification for consumers.
Methods
This research is a legal research with a prescriptive normative legal method. The author
uses a conceptual approach, statute approach, and case approach. This research is conducted
by examining the case approach related to cases that exist in United States from time to time.
the approach is carried out by looking at concepts and ideas regarding the reform of legal
paradigm shifts, and a statutory approach to see current legal products as a reality.
Results And Discussion
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
Legal Protection of consumers on the Quality of Products and Services of Franchise
Business Actors
Consumer protection is a description of the legal protection given to consumers for
products produced in an effort to fulfill consumer desires in order to avoid things that can
cause consumer harm. In particular, consumer protection refers to the legal protection given
to consumers for the products resulting from these efforts. On the other hand, developed
countries have become developed in relation to industry and technology.
According to the first provision of Article 1 of the PK Law, what is meant by
"Consumer Protection" is all efforts made to provide legal clarity in order to provide
protection to consumers. Therefore, the topic under debate is consumer protection, which
means it concerns the clarity and/or guarantee of the fulfillment of the rights claimed by
customers. Therefore, the conversation is relevant to consumer rights.
Protection can be understood in a very broad sense, one of which is safeguarding the
interests of consumers over products and/or services obtained as a result of the act of
procuring such goods and/or services. There are two perspectives that can be taken on
consumers, and they are as follows:7
Protection against the coercion of consumers for products and/or services that are not in
accordance with what has been authorized or violate the provisions of the law that may
apply to the situation. In this context, there is a problem with the use of specific
farming materials, production techniques, distribution systems, product ideas, and the
like. Whether or not they comply with the standards set to ensure consumer safety and
security? Issues of customers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss,
consumers receiving reimbursement or refunds in case of loss resulting from using or
ingesting improper products;
Protection for customers from having unfair conditions imposed on them. This section
covers advertising, as well as advertising-related concerns, contract standards, pricing,
and services, among other related topics. It is related to one's frame of mind.
Consumer protection has the aim of improving the dignity and life of consumers
(society), by preventing them from negative things on the use of goods and / or services.
Because of this, all actions that cause actions that can violate consumer rights must be
avoided. Business actors need to look at the aspects and/or actions of business actors that
violate consumer rights according to the PK Law.
In Article 1 point 5 of the Food Law, it is stated that Food Safety is the conditions and
efforts necessary to prevent food from possible biological, chemical, and other contaminants
that can harm, endanger, and kill human health and do not conflict with the religion, beliefs,
and customs of the citizens and ultimately make them comfortable to eat. This definition
refers to a situation where food is protected from potential biological, chemical and other
contaminants. This is reaffirmed in the following ruling which can be found in Article 86 of
the Food Law. This article implies that everyone who produces and distributes food is
obliged to fulfill food safety and quality requirements.
Furthermore, Article 97 of the Food Law stipulates that every person who produces
food domestically for trade must include the characters in and/or on the food packaging;
every person who imports food for the purpose of trade must include the characters in and/or
on the food packaging upon entering the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of
United States; the inclusion of the characters in and/or on the food packaging as referred to in
paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is written or printed on the food packaging.
Seen from this perspective, product certification is a very important and fundamental
issue for the protection of consumer rights, especially when it comes to food consumed on a
daily basis. Product safety and assurance standards are essential because they are the driving
force to measure whether a product is convenient for consumers to consume before it is
distributed or promoted to the general public. This is something that must be done before a
product can be sold to the general public.
Product safety and assurance standards are important for the general prosperity and
happiness of society. In addition, it provides equality of rights and realizes the fulfillment of
consumer needs in general. For business actors, the provision of food safety and food quality
assurance also provides benefits for them because it provides clarity to consumers that the
ingredients and processing methods as a whole have undergone a process to obtain food
safety and food quality assurance.10
Legal Remedies that Consumers Can Take Against Franchise Business Actors that Do
Not Have Food Safety Certificates for Food and Beverage Products
In reality, legal protection activities that can be attempted by consumers find many
obstacles that need to be overcome. One of them is the low reading literacy and level of legal
understanding of the community (consumers themselves), both of which can result in
consumers having less control over the rights they have or are attached to the consumption
chart of products sold or promoted by business actors. This can lead to consumers feeling as
if they have no choice but to buy products that violate their rights.
This relates to legal actions that can be taken by citizens or consumers who feel their
rights have been violated or burdened by business actors, either directly or indirectly. These
legal actions are always related to consumer rights as referred to in Article 4 letter e of the PK
Law, specifically regarding the right of consumers to obtain protection defense and efforts to
handle consumer protection disputes appropriately.
The findings contained in the PK Law provide an opportunity for customers who think
their rights have been violated or burdened by business actors to hold these parties
accountable for their actions. Both the National Consumer Protection Agency and the Non-
Governmental Consumer Protection Agency have functions and duties to protect consumers.
Consumers who are burdened or have their rights violated by business actors can complain to
one of these institutions, both of which have functions and duties to protect consumers.
The PK Law has provisions for the use of agency in Article 33 letter f Article 34 and
Paragraph (2) Article 44. Article 33 states that the role of the National Consumer Protection
Agency is to provide advice and input to the government in an effort to improve consumer
protection in United States. Article 33 states that one of the obligations of the National
Consumer Protection Agency is to respond to complaints about consumer protection from
citizens, independent consumer protection agencies, or businesses. To carry out these
benefits, the National Consumer Protection Agency needs to fulfill these obligations. In
addition, Article 44 paragraph 2 states that self-help consumer protection organizations have
the option to actively engage in consumer protection. In a legal sense, the procedures that can
be taken to resolve problems concerning consumer protection are regulated in Article 45 of
the PK Law, which provides the following information::
Any consumer who is burdened may sue the business actor through an institution
tasked with resolving disputes between consumers and business actors or through a
court within the ordinary court environment.
Settlement of consumer disputes can take place either within the legal system or outside
of it, depending on the actual preferences of the parties involved in the matter.
Out-of-court settlement of legal issues is sometimes seen as not eliminating liability for
tortious acts as mandated by law.
If the consumer dispute resolution effort has been chosen to be carried out outside the
court, then an application through the court can only be pursued if the effort is declared
unsuccessful by one of the parties to the conflict or by both parties of the parties to the
conflict.
In addition, customers have the right to take legal action in accordance with Article 46
of the PK Law if they feel aggrieved by business actors. In addition, LPKSM has the
potential to play an active role in the consumer protection development process. In
accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of the PK Law and Article 3 to 9 PP 59/2001,
LPKSM is obliged to disseminate data in the form of charts to increase consumer awareness
of their rights, roles, and the need to be careful when purchasing products and/or services.
Distribute invitations to consumers who need them verbally or in writing so that consumers
can exercise their rights and obligations; Conduct similar activities with related institutions in
an effort to realize consumer protection The implementation of activities that are very similar
to LPKSM with related institutions includes changes in data related to consumer protection,
supervision of goods and/or services that are distributed, as well as consumer counseling and
learning; Assist consumers in fighting for their rights, including responding to consumer
complaints or complaints. LPKSM is able to defend or empower consumers so that they can
fight for their rights independently, either individually or in groups, in the process of assisting
consumers in seeking their rights; Conduct joint supervision with the government and the
public on the implementation of consumer protection laws. Research, testing, and/or surveys
can be used as tools in the supervision of consumer protection activities carried out by
LPKSM in cooperation with the government and local communities. Such activities can be
conducted on products and/or services available in the market. The BPSK dispute resolution
process is very simple. Entrepreneurs and consumers with disputes can contact the state
BPSK directly by submitting a Dispute Settlement Request, filling out a Complaint Form,
and submitting files (Supplementary Documents). BPSK will then invite the parties to a
preliminary meeting. BPSK is authorized to verify the truth of the reports and information
reported by the disputing parties. This meeting will decide, amicably or otherwise, what the
next step is. The hearing of consumer claims/proceedings is conducted in the same manner as
a court hearing.
As a consumer judicial institution, the terms given by BPSK apply. It has an instant
binding effect, is definitive (in kracht vangewijsde), and cannot be compared with others. In
other words, BPSK acts as a consumer dispute resolution institution both at the initial and
final stages of the case. Since this body acts as an intermediary (bridge, arbitrator, or
conciliator), it is expected that its conclusions include aspects of peace so that one of the
disputing parties no longer needs to dispute. Therefore, this topic must be very good.
Immediately after the judgment is rendered, a request for execution of the execution is filed
with the state law court in the jurisdiction of the defendant's residence. Given that BPSK
currently has no body responsible for implementing its directives, this is of course necessary.
As it is analogous to a religious court judgment, the BPSK body that rendered the judgment
must first apply to the state law court for a fiat of execution before it can be enforced.12
Conclusion
Legal protection for consumers and citizens who purchase goods and / or services, in
this case, especially food and beverages, to obtain product quality in accordance with
statutory provisions, both from ordinary businesses and through the franchise system. This
protection is intended to ensure that consumers get food and beverages that are safe for
consumption. Recognition that business actors, especially in the local/domestic franchise
system, must argue for their rights and roles and how to vent their business in products that
will be traded or promoted on a large scale, and there are business actors with this franchise
system who have not fulfilled them. In addition, it is recognized that there are still business
actors with this franchise system that have not been fulfilled. The right of consumers to
access facts and the right to obtain their own safety in consuming products and/or services
(food and drink). Citizens, in their capacity as customers, can have their needs met by
franchisors in a variety of ways, including the provision of data, classification of goods or
products, services, and price classification, to the impacts resulting from the use of purchased
goods and/or services, such as receiving compensation for losses caused by the company.
Thus, legal protection for consumers can be guaranteed to be safe and effectively
implemented in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. There
are two kinds of legal consequences that can be caused to business actors who do not have
guarantees for the safety and quality of commodities (food and beverages). These types of
impacts are known as legal rewards and social rewards. According to Law No. 18/2012 on
Food, the legal consequences for businesses that do not guarantee the safety and quality of
their food can be partially tested as a reward until the closure of the company. This provision
is included in the law. On the other hand, social benefits have the effect of decreasing the
level of customer trust in both the product and the business itself. It can be observed that
social benefits occupy a place in the activities of businesses in the production and marketing
of their products. This happens because when customers lose trust in a product, this can affect
customer opinions, which in turn can cause the company to lose its business. In the event of a
violation of the quality of products and services in the field of franchise business that results
in an impact on consumers, namely by changing the losses in the following forms, the
business actors incorporated in the franchise system have responsibility to improve the
situation.
