PUBLIC POLICY INNOVATION (A CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL
REVIEW)
Introduction
A responsive public policy paradigm that provides space for independent community
development in the process of policy formulation, implementation and evaluation will have
an impact on improving community welfare in a sustainable manner. Thus, it requires
interaction, processes and activities between the community and the government in a
symbiotic mutalism so that it is expected to be able to answer the dynamics, demands and
public interests. Public policy, on the other hand, is a product that fights for the public
interest which is The philosophy is to require public involvement from the beginning to the
end1 . The public as the main actor of the policy is a sub stakeholder who knows exactly
what and how their needs and interests are. This requires a shift in the role of government no
longer as a provider but as a facilitator and regulator of a policy. The role of the government
will run effectively if the output of public policy is able to adapt and innovate to various
changes in order to improve the quality of public services encourage synergy between
various interests.
The word innovation has often been heard in various aspects of life and is one of the
factors that play an important role in facing and overcoming various problems concerning
individuals, communities, organizations and countries. In the context of the relationship
between the state and the public, the state acts as a facilitator and regulator of public policy,
while innovation is a strategic keyword when the output and outcome of the policy cannot
meet the demands and dynamics of the development of an increasingly global society. At
this point, innovation is needed to provide strengthening to the public policy sectors with a
broader spectrum. Strategic changes in public policy as a tangible form of innovation should
be interpreted as one of the preferences so that public policy has novelty value and benefits
for the community at large.
The great expectation of quality public policy is one of the factors driving the birth
of public policy with a public dimension and not only limited to issues and policy agendas.
Thus, public policy is not in an exclusive area and restricts critical public questions, but
public policy can move simultaneously and on a continuum. The activities of state and social
life began to be carried out by the bureaucracy plus the private sector and the community2 .
Therefore, in the context of understanding public policies that are able to provide impact and
benefits, public policy innovation is needed as a broader form of encouragement, namely in
the form of expansion and modification of policies that are novel and beneficial both from
the aspects of policy formulation, process and evaluation.
Minister of National Development Planning/Head of Bappenas Bambang PS
Brodjonegoro has called attention to the growing importance of policy innovation by
inviting and asking regional heads to prioritize various policy innovations during their
leadership. "In addition to administrative tidiness, policy and program innovation is no less
important". In this context, the capacity of innovators becomes increasingly important in
carrying out an innovation because it will provide many benefits. Innovation aims to
revitalize public administration, making it more pro-active, efficient, accountable and more
service-oriented3 . Therefore, the ability of public officials to innovate will be a decisive role
and is required to have sufficient prerequisite skills and knowledge. To initiate, execute, and
manage public administration innovation, innovators must realize that understanding and
mastery of public administration innovations are important hand in hand with the public. In
this case the policy qualified in a variety of skills and knowledge is a prerequisite4 . So with
these prerequisites, policy innovation will have a strategic impact.
In line with the implementation of regional autonomy, which gives local
governments the authority to formulate policies, the role of public officials in the regions in
innovating public policies will increase and have a positive impact on the quality of policies
or regulations that will be formulated and have been produced. The quality of local
regulations is an important indicator of the performance of local governance5 . However, in
fact, almost all policy makers still dominantly consider short-term and partial interests and
have not prioritized a culture of innovation, resulting in the stagnation of public policies and
the performance of governance has not run optimally.
The issue of low ability to innovate and willingness to innovate is one of the
challenges for public officials in government agencies both at the local and central levels.
On the other hand, public policy as an instrument that functions to unite the government and
society has not run optimally, this is a problem that has not yet been solved. This is because
there are still overlapping policies issued by different policy-making agencies. An example
of the failure of public service policies in United States is in the form of disconnectivity from
the output of the activities of Ministries and Non-Ministerial Institutions, for example, some
reservoirs that have been built by the government cannot function because there are no
irrigation channels, ports cannot operate properly because there are no roads connecting
them to industrial areas6 . To avoid the termination of the policy, it is necessary to have a
more focused policy reorientation both in terms of the process, method and product of each
public policy produced.
Public policy innovation as a necessity in principle and substantively will provide
strengthening in responding to and solving problems in society. Problems such as
development disparities due to inaccurate policy analysis, corrupt behavior of public
officials, food security, poverty and unemployment problems and low education are some
examples of the failure of public policy in solving these problems. Innovation is one of the
best alternatives in the current and future dimensions of public policy. This paper is intended
to examine public policy innovation in a conceptual and empirical perspective accompanied
by various examples of the application of public policy innovative public policies from
various regions.
Research Methods
The method used is a qualitative approach. The technique used by researchers is a
survey of academic literature in the scientific field of public policy to obtain concepts
relevant to the study of public policy innovation. Meanwhile, data collection is carried out
through searching various sources both from government documents and news from print
and electronic mass media as secondary data which are then processed and described in
narrative form according to data requirements. Then data analysis is carried out based on the
theory and concept of public policy and then the data interpretation process is carried out.
Results and Discussion
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
Stagnation of Public Policy Innovation
The absolute prerequisite for public policy innovation is the realization of ideas and
ideas from public officials as an entry point for the implementation of various programs and
policies. Ideas and ideas can be realized if the public sector organization as the locus of
policy making is able to adopt and adapt to developments that occur outside the
organization. The mechanism of the public sector organizational system that involves the
organizational environment as input and organizational processes is an inseparable part of
any public policy formulation. The problem is that there are still many public policies that
are not up to date and are considered to hamper the development of public policies
development investment. The fact shows that many regional regulations are revoked because
they do not provide benefits for the interests of the community. Minister of Home Affairs
Tjahjo Kumolo emphasized that the government will immediately revoke 3,266 local
regulations that are considered to hinder investment. Tjahjo explained that the category of
problematic local regulations is hampering investment, licensing, and unnecessary
retribution. For example, people who want to open a business must be asked for a principle
permit, business license, building construction permit (IMB).
The obstacles to public policy change are caused by many factors, including the low
capacity of public officials, a bureaucratic culture that is antipathetic to change and a
bureaucratic structure that tends to be rigid and less flexible. In certain cases, there are many
different public policy orientations between the government and the public, especially in the
policy formulation process, causing disharmony at the implementation level. The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that absorbed and The
government is oriented towards how to spend the budget so that it can be accounted for, so
that it often neglects programs that are in direct contact with the public interest7 . These
conditions force the public to remain compliant with government policies that do not
provide impacts and benefits to the public interest.
One of the problems that still causes the stagnation of public policy innovation is the
dominant role of the leader or leader, the dependence of subordinates on the leader makes
the whole system not run as expected, subordinates tend to be passive and lack initiative and
participation in solving problems. Academic studies on innovation require the role of the
leader as an administrator There is no innovation without leadership8 . Whereas the
integration of a culture of innovation in public policy must run in a system that is structured
and accommodating to various community interests. This is necessary because there is still a
disparity between public expectations and public policy and to avoid the stagnation of public
policy, but on the other hand the awareness of innovation in the bureaucracy is still sporadic,
stagnant and tends to be unclear9 . The issue that innovation depends entirely on the leader is
a challenge for the bureaucracy to create public policy innovation through the mechanism of
the bureaucratic system. The opinion that public policy innovation is still very limited is a
fact that occurs at this time in the bureaucracy. Policy innovation and creativity initiated by
leaders are important but a good public service system does not depend on who leads. When
people complain or report, the systemic can also be immediately responded to by the
government10 . Therefore, a policy innovation does not only depend on a leader but on a
system mechanism that works based on the values of public organizations.
Public Policy Innovation in conceptual perspective
Innovation is defined as an idea, product, technological information, institution,
behavior, values, and new practices or objects that can be perceived as something new by
individuals or society11 . The aspect of something new can be formed through a modification
process. And public policy is defined as a projected program with certain goals, certain
values and certain practices (a projected program of goals, values, and practices12 ).
Conceptually, public policy innovation is divided into a). Policy innovation: new policy
direction and initiatives, namely policy innovation in question is the existence of new policy
initiatives and directions. This can mean that every public policy issued in principle must be
able to contain something new. b). Innovation in the policy making process. In this role, the
focus is on innovations that can influence the policy making or formulation process. An
example is the policy formulation process which so far cannot be said to have facilitated the
participation of citizens or related stakeholders. c). Policy to foster innovation and its
diffusion, namely the policy in question is a policy specifically created to encourage,
develop, and disseminate innovation for various sectors.
Closely related to public policy conceptually, researchers put forward a definition of
Public Administration innovation as a process thinking and implementing policies for
organizing public interests that are original, important, and impactful.14 . When associated
with the paradigm of state administration, namely the Old Public Administration (OPA),
New Public Administration (NPA), New Public Management (NPM) and New Public
Services (NPS) paradigms, the New Public Services paradigm is the most appropriate to
apply the principles of innovation. Through NPS, the public is seen as a whole and
humanist, not reduced as a customer characterized by economistic-egoistic or as an outsider
who becomes a mechanical target of bureaucracy15 . Furthermore, it is mentioned that the
NPS paradigm also pays great attention to innovation and is integral and comprehensive
because NPS is an approach that places high value on collaboration between parties and
improving the performance of each organizational element. This is different from the
paradigm of Others tend to view innovation in a limited and partial way.
Innovation policy public Conceptual innovation is defined as a change in perspective
or existing problems so as to bring about solutions or problems. The scope of conceptual
innovation is the emergence of new paradigms, ideas, ideas, thoughts and breakthroughs that
were previously unimaginable17 . The paradigm of public policy innovation has become a
discourse and practice in the government bureaucracy. In the context of this paradigm or
perspective, public policy can be seen as a continuous and interrelated process carried out by
the government together with stakeholders in regulating, managing and managing public
affairs solving public affairs, public problems and existing resources for the common good.
One of the competitiveness of innovation can be born through new thoughts and
breakthroughs through policy strategies. Public policy is a strategic fact rather than a
political or technical fact. As a strategy, public policy has summarized the political
preferences of the actors involved in the policy process, especially in the formulation
process.
Innovation has become an important part of public policy. These questions about the
nature of innovation and the dynamics that drive it are not new. Innovation has long been
identified in the founda- tion texts of the social sciences as a major source of social
development.20 Public policy innovation is made for the public interest and not private or
group interests, public policy will be useful if its application is based on standard policy
criteria and normative values. In their research, Mark Considine, Jenny M. Lewis and
Damon Alexander put forward five normative positions in innovation
The criteria for determining conceptual innovation are as follows21 :
This innovation is born from a change in perspective on a problem which is then
realized in policy;
The assessment of this success can be seen by comparing it with the previous policy
based on the old perspective. If the results or performance of the new policy are
better, then the conceptual policy innovation can be said to be successful;
Usually, this change in perspective is done by looking at an issue with a more
positive perspective or by practicing paradigm.
In a conceptual perspective, policy innovation will be related to changes in the way
problems are viewed. The ability to see problems with a mutlti paradigm perspective will
give birth to more conceptual thinking. Then comparing old policies and new policies can be
seen as a measure of the success of a policy innovation, if the performance of a new policy
that has been innovated is successful, it can be concluded that the policy is successful.
Furthermore, policy innovation can be analyzed by looking at current issues through a
positive perspective. Changes A positive perspective with this paradigm update can occur if
all stakeholders involved in policy innovation have a paradigm that prioritizes synergy.
Public Policy Innovation in empirical perspective
There are several types of public policy innovation22 , namely the type of process
innovation which consists of standard operating procedures, procedures, systems and
procedures. Then the type of method innovation which consists of new strategies, ways and
techniques. And the type of product innovation consists of physical (goods) and non-
physical or immaterial (services). At the empirical level, the benefits of innovation can be
identified in several manifestations, including: accelerating work processes or procedures,
increasing effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources acceleration of work
processes or procedures, increased effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources,
integration of several types of services into one, expansion of public choice of public goods,
strengthening public engagement in decision making or public policy, reducing the burden
on the community for government services, and other benefit models that continue to
develop according to the dynamics of the needs of public organizations and their
stakeholders.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes on quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. The following are
examples of the application of policy innovation products.
The empirical fact is that method innovation is more aimed at implementing new
ways, strategies and techniques to achieve better results.
Empirically, process-based policy innovation emphasizes the quality of both external
and internal work processes to make them simpler and more efficient. Some examples of
innovation products such as changes in passport control services initiated by the Directorate
General of Immigration through the Integrated Passport Issuance Service System (SPPT) /
One Stop Service System (OSS) is a breakthrough of the Directorate General of Immigration
of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the form of simplification of long bureaucratic
procedures that previously had to queue 4 times to queue 1 (one) time in obtaining passport
services, Another example is the product of innovation in land services pick-up ball which
aims to get closer to the community, the approach is expected to touch the social dimension
of land management in the process will provide greater opportunities to carry out land
management tasks, where often these tasks are not able to be reached by the interface of the
land office counter because of its formality.
In implementing an empirical innovation, emphasis on innovation methods,
strategies and techniques is important to achieve better results. Similarly, the application of
product innovation is aimed at creating or modifying goods or services to improve the
quality, image, function and so on of these goods or services. In this case, technology-based
infrastructure tools are needed so that services are carried out more effectively and
efficiently and are able to solve problems in addition to organizational structure-based
innovations that aim to adopt flexible organizational models and be able to adapt
organizational developments.
Conclusion
Innovation and public policy are like two sides of the same coin. Innovation
contributes to providing new and useful knowledge for public policy while public policy
provides theoretical supplements, guidelines and methodologies that can strengthen public
policy innovation. Public policy innovation efforts with dimensions of novelty and
usefulness are expected to have an impact on more concrete efforts and build sustainable
community participation. Innovation is applied not only at the evaluation stage of public
policy but is applied from the beginning of public policy planning, implementation and
evaluation of public policy. Public policy innovation arises not because of leadership factors
or because of crisis factors that force organizations to make changes, innovation must arise
from a system and the effect of public knowledge management developed by the
organization.
The success of innovation is measured by the extent to which public policy
performance is able to become the best solution for the community. The synergy between
conceptual and empirical levels is a continuum line in an effort to reconstruct public policy.
sustainable public policy innovation. The structure, culture, technology and leadership
framework24 can be an interesting concept that needs to be considered in building
commitment and awareness of public policy innovation. On the other hand, the process,
dynamics and practice of innovation must be adaptive and replicative, this is important
because of the diverse problems and characteristics of organizations and society.
