UTILIZATION OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN BUSINESS
DEVELOPMENT
Introduction
Business is an activity or business carried out by individuals or organizations to produce
goods or services and sell them with the aim of making a profit as a way to meet needs. In
everyday life, more and more people are trying to do business, but some are successful and
some fail. For those who succeed, business activities are increasingly interesting to develop
[1]. All actors of business activities want to develop both from small businesses developing
into large businesses and from large businesses that want to grow even bigger. In developing
a business, there are obstacles faced, among others, in terms of human resources, product
development, capital planning, and execution.
Businesses whose operations are supported by information technology infrastructure must
meet three operating standards: low capital expenditure, variable operating costs, and
scalability of computing platforms. The top priorities of the three operating standards get
high profits [6]. However, the support of information technology in business requires high
costs for the procurement of hardware, software, and management personnel, so a solution is
needed to reduce the cost of procuring information technology infrastructure without reducing
its quality. One of the efforts that can be made is the use of cloud computing.
Cloud computing is an evolution of information technology that provides services and
products according to user demand [14]. The development of new and innovative ideas for a
new internet service no longer requires large capital in the service or expensive human
resources costs to operate it [3].
This research aims to analyze the use of cloud computing in business development, starting
from how to adopt the cloud according to the needs of business organizations.
Literature Review
The term cloud computing was coined to describe a sophisticated computing service tailored
to customer demand that was initially offered commercially by service providers such as
Amazon, Google, and Microsoft. The computing infrastructure of cloud computing is
commonly referred to as the cloud or "cloud" which is a place to access applications from
both individuals and business organizations from any place according to the request of cloud
users [4]. The use of the cloud symbol is based on the fact that every internet network
diagram is depicted with a cloud symbol. A key feature of cloud computing is the
visualization of infrastructure that provides and maintains virtual servers that can be scaled up
and down on demand [12].
The convergence of various advances that led to the emergence of Cloud Computing [4]. A
cloud computing consists of several components, namely clients, data centers, and distributed
servers. Client is a computer used by cloud computing users. Apart from computers, clients
can also be laptops, tablet computers, PDAs and others. The data center is a collection of
servers where applications from clients in the form of customer distributed servers are placed.
The distributed servers are not all located in the same location but can be in different
locations, but in cloud computing the servers seem to be located side by side which provides
an advantage if one site fails, the other site can still be run [13].
A strong basis in the concept of cloud computing is Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA). In
an SOA environment, end-users request information technology services at a predetermined
level of functional quality and capacity both on demand and at a predetermined time [14].
The use of the cloud used for the general public is divided into several types of clouds whose
use is tailored to the needs, namely:
Public Cloud
The cloud can be accessed by several customers with an internet connection and access the
cloud space [7]. Public cloud can also mean cloud usage that is used for the general public
and pays when finished using it or commonly referred to as a pay as you go manner [3].
Private Cloud
The cloud is established only for groups or organizations and access to the cloud is limited to
these groups or organizations [7]. Cloud computing services for the internal data center of a
group or organization get great benefits from using cloud computing where the general public
does not get it [3].
Community Cloud
Cloud is used and shared between two or more organizations that have the same interest in
cloud usage [7]. Community clouds can be managed by organizations or third parties and can
be in the same location or not [8].
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
Hybrid Cloud
Cloud which is basically a combination of two clouds where a mixture of public, private, or
community can be included [7]. The purpose of the hybrid cloud is that when we run out of
capacity when using a private cloud, we can immediately switch to a public cloud or
community cloud for additional capacity [8].
Service in cloud computing is a concept to be able to do reusable, finegrained components in
a network of vendors commonly referred to as "as a service" [13]. Services in cloud
computing consist of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service
which can be described with a service layer.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
It is a service of cloud computing that offers virtualized resources that provide services in the
form of calculation, storage, and communication tailored to customer demand. This service
generally offers a virtual server that can be used by one or more CPUs that can run several
operating systems and software options, and there are facilities for data storage and
communication. An example of those offering IaaS services is Amazon where users are given
the right to perform various activities to the server such as installing software, configuring
access permissions and firewalls.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS services offer more than just data storage, namely providing a place to create and deploy
applications without needing to know how much processor or memory is needed for the
application. It also offers specialized services such as data access, authentication, and
payment for new applications [2]. One example of a PaaS service is Google AppEngine which
offers service for developing and hosting web applications.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
This type of service is at the top layer of cloud computing. The services provided to
consumers began to shift from computer programs to online software services. The
advantages of this service can relieve customers of the burden of maintaining software and
make it easier to develop and test software. For example, Google Apps and Salesforce.com
offer business applications on their servers so that customers can access applications on
demand.
The use of cloud computing in building servers for businesses has several advantages,
including [11]:
Low cost, as there is no need to buy a server and only pay as needed.
High capacity, because the cloud provides data storage with a lot of bandwidth.
Flexible, because cloud users can add and remove servers and databases very quickly
and can add capacity in other locations as needed and can be integrated with third-
party services.
Low maintenance, as users no longer need to think about system administration or
configuration.
Research Methods
The literature studies of this research include:
Cloud computing literature study
Understanding cloud computing with the aim of understanding the terms, concepts,
components, types of use, types of services, etc. of cloud computing.
Literature study on cloud computing utilization for business
After knowing and understanding cloud computing, the next step is a literature study on the
use of cloud computing in the business world which aims to study the cloud computing life
cycle so that the right way is obtained in adopting cloud computing according to business
needs.
Results and Discussion
Adopting the Cloud
The application of cloud computing in business begins with knowing and adopting the cloud
computing life cycle with the aim that after implementing cloud computing users can expand
cloud computing capabilities more quickly following the adopted model and by utilizing the
recommendations given at each stage.
In the cloud computing adoption life cycle model depicted in Figure 6, it is divided into two
stages, namely the main stages of the cloud computing adoption life cycle model and the
supporting stages for the cloud adoption life cycle model. The main stage consists of:
Concept / pilot stage of the cloud project. The purpose of this stage is learning about the
cloud for planning and implementing cloud computing utilization for business. Activities
in this proof of concept (POC) stage include trial implementation, cloud learning and
evaluation as well as input for cloud strategy, and determining whether the cloud program
is continued or not.
Strategizing and mapping stages in cloud lifecycle adoption. Establish a strategy for using
cloud computing and its follow-up. Activities in this stage are discovery and assessment
cloud, cloud strategy and mapping, cloud mobilization and transition planning.
Modeling and adoption stage of the cloud life cycle. Aims to model and take steps in
implementing cloud computing. The activities in this stage are cloud modeling, cloud
computing model reference, cloud model implementation, cloud model governance and
operation (service quality, security, and planning), cloud reference architecture.
Cloud planning implementation stage. Is a planning stage for selecting suitable cloud
technology as needed. The activities in this stage are analysis and selection of cloud
service providers, cloud implementation and procurement planning, cloud governance
and life cycle planning, determining whether the cloud program is continued or not.
Cloud implementation stage. Is the stage of implementing cloud computing. Activities in
the stage begin with a cloud implementation reference consisting of a cloud computing
reference model, cloud computing reference architecture, and cloud computing reference
implementation. The next activities are cloud governance and security planning, and
cloud management, supervision, operations, and support activities, as well as activities to
evaluate feedback and strategies applied to the cloud.
While the supporting stages for the cloud computing adoption life cycle model consist of:
Cloud development stage. This stage can be done by developing from public cloud to
hybrid cloud.
Cloud incorporation and operation stage. This stage anticipates the need to incorporate
cloud capabilities and to ensure cloud operations are running well.
Cloud collaboration stage. This stage focuses on the emerging needs of cross-cloud
collaboration and application composition on the cloud.
Cloud Deployment Stage
Based on the cloud computing adoption life cycle model previously described, and adjusted to
business conditions in Indonesia, the stages of an appropriate cloud implementation strategy
according to business needs can be outlined, among others:
Learning Stage
Business people need to learn and understand the benefits of implementing cloud computing,
as well as the impacts obtained after implementing cloud computing and its effects on their
organization and business. This determines the decision whether to continue implementing
cloud computing or not.
Analysis Stage
The analysis was carried out with several sub-stages of analysis, among others:
-
Needs Analysis
At this stage, it is necessary to identify and analyze the needs of business organizations,
especially those related to information technology needs in an effort to develop business, such
as the need for a larger server, network needs for ease of disseminating information in
business organizations, the need for ease of promotion and services.
-
Business Organization Capability and Readiness Analysis
This analysis is carried out to adjust between the needs of information technology for the
development of business organizations and the ability of business organizations to fulfill these
needs. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to analyze the readiness of the organization to
adopt cloud computing-based information technology.
-
Analyze the benefits and impacts of cloud computing implementation
This stage is carried out to determine the benefits obtained after implementing cloud
computing as well as the impacts arising from implementing cloud computing. This analysis
is useful for business organizations to anticipate adverse effects in implementing cloud
computing.
Planning and Modeling Phase
Planning the type of cloud computing service that is in accordance with the analysis of the
needs, capabilities, and readiness of the business organization as well as according to the
results of the analysis of the benefits and impacts of cloud implementation, then designing a
model and architecture for using cloud services in information technology that will be used by
business organizations.
Adoption and Implementation Stage
At this stage, choose the right vendor according to the cloud service needs that have been
planned in the previous stage. After choosing the right vendor, the next step is to prepare the
cloud computing adoption process by preparing data and other configurations into the cloud
service to be adopted. After all data and other configurations are ready for migration to cloud
computing, implementation is carried out by registering with the selected vendor and
integrating data, applications and infrastructure into the cloud system.
Management Stage
Management is carried out to control the implementation and use of cloud computing in IT
structures, and to ensure the use of cloud services as planned. In addition, the management
stage is useful for evaluating performance results and benefits after implementing cloud
computing.
Development Stage
The development stage is carried out to develop the cloud system along with the development
of business needs.
Conclusions
From the results and discussion, conclusions can be drawn for the use of cloud computing in
business development, among others:
Cloud computing is a virtual data center storage service whose use can be tailored to user
needs.
Cloud usage is divided into private cloud, public cloud, community cloud, and hybrid
cloud. While the services offered consist of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
The advantage of using cloud computing is that the procurement of information
technology infrastructure can be kept as low as possible, and maintenance of IT
infrastructure is not too high. In addition, the capacity of storage space in the cloud is
very large and flexible according to the needs of cloud service users.
The application of cloud computing in business development can be done by adopting the
cloud life cycle.
The right way to implement cloud computing is at stages application The cloud analyzes
the needs of business organizations which are then adjusted to the type of service and
type of cloud usage according to the needs of business organizations in developing their
business.
Suggestions that can be submitted in this study as a consideration for further research are
the development of cloud computing into a mobile cloud for businesses and more specific
applications between large-scale businesses and lower-middle-scale businesses such as in
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
