Week 5 Discussion

Le Tang 

RE: Group 5 - Discussion Board Question

COLLAPSE

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National culture construction well, can accelerate the development of economy; On the other hand, would hinder the role. The uniqueness of the Chinese nation culture is its influence to the economic development. Chinese culture is one of the world's most glorious and distinctive culture type, which has a tenacious vitality. For thousands of years, it never interrupts, and a huge impact on neighboring countries. Some countries are deeply influenced by Chinese culture, such as: Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore and so on. Modernization, industrialization and urbanization, the process of economic growth and speed several times higher than the corresponding every stage of the western development.

The more a culture with national characteristics, brought more attention in the international. Asian "tigers" economic achievement cause attention. From the aspects of historical and cultural, overseas academia look at the economic "miracle" and to decompose elements of Confucian culture, and studies the social function of which of these factors is conducive to economic development. Earlier explained Confucian ethics from the front to the contribution of east Asian economic miracle is Herman Kahn. The funder of "big transition theory", think that east Asian community Shared by Confucian ethics. It appreciate hard work, respect work and enjoy company, harmonious interpersonal relationship, respect for elders, emphasize the coordination and cooperation, rather than highlight individual or personal interests, and so on. He thought the culture is more fit for the economic growth. A half century after the second world war, the Asia-pacific region is the biggest change in various parts of the world. The speed of economic growth leads other areas of the world (Kahn, 1973).

 The most distinctive feature of traditional Indian culture is the central role of religion in social life which plays  important role in regulating people's thinking and behavior. India is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious country. The followers of the six major religions account for 99.3% of the national population. In a society with a strong religious atmosphere, people pay more attention to spiritual satisfaction and relatively ignore the needs of material interests. In particular, Hinduism regards " liberation" as the highest goal in life, which leads to the widespread belief of "transcendence" among indians, so they naturally pay less attention to the present life than to the afterlife.

On the contrary, Chinese traditional culture has always lacked the idea of religious "transcendence", and Chinese people pay more attention to secular life and secular interests. This also determines that the Chinese people are more pragmatic in solving various problems, and pay more attention to practice rather than theory in action.

Compared to the Chinese idea that women hold up half the sky, India is highly sexist. Girls are poorly educated, many are out of work, and the proportion of women in corporate management is low. Women's labor force and creativity have not been fully unleashed, and they can play a greater role in the economy(Nancy, 2009). Moreover, the caste system, which has been entrenched for millennia, has improved but not completely eradicated in recent years. This remains an important source of acute social tension in India ( Tuller, 2008) .

 

Reference:

Kahn, H. (1973). The emerging Japanese superstate: challenge and response. Penguin Books.

Lockwood, N., Sharma, R., Kamath, R., & Williams, S. (2009). Perspectives on women in management in India. Society for Human Resource Management, 1-12.

Sen, A. (2005). The argumentative Indian: Writings on Indian history, culture and identity. Macmillan.

Tuller, L. W. (2008). An American's Guide to Doing Business in Latin America: Negotiating contracts and agreements. Understanding culture and customs. Marketing products and services. Simon and Schuster.

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Yang Yu 

RE: Group 5 - Discussion Board Question

COLLAPSE

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The essence of globalization is the combination of different forms of life. (Robertson, 1992). In the west, it is often believed that globalization may contribute to the global materialist boom and breaking down of traditional values. In this context, China, Japan and South Korea, which are deeply influenced by Confucianism, still retain certain characteristics of traditional culture.

Confucianism stems from Confucius in China more than 2000 years ago, and continued. As a cultural accumulation, it has deeply influenced and restricted the countries and regions it radiates. In the past, some people believed that deep-rooted values of Confucianism, such as harmony and filial piety, might coexist with modern times, while other cultures or qualities (such as thrifty) gradually disappeared.

In the process of globalization, some of the basic principles of traditional Confucianism in these countries (e.g., thrifty, non-competitiveness, having few desires)  are in sharp contrast to modernity and consumerism. In the past few decades, Japan and South Korea have made remarkable progress in their economy with the democratization and integration into the global economy. China soon sped up its integration into global economy, becoming the world's fastest-growing market with the greatest potential. According to Bain & Company, an American management consultancy, global luxury scale is expected to reach 1.26 trillion euros in 2019, of which the growth rate of the Chinese market is 30%, and 90% of the global growth is driven by Chinese consumers.

However, social hierarchy and inherent gender bias, which has long been criticized by modern scholars, are still visible in these countries, especially in South Korea and Japan, known for its honor to masculinity. Masculinity stands for a society in which social gender roles are clearly distinct: Men are supposed to be assertive, tough, and focused on material success (Hofstede, 2001). It notes that among OECD countries South Korea has the largest pay gap at 35 percent. The  OECD average  pay gap is 13.8 percent. Only 2 percent of South Korean firms’ corporate board of directors are female. Only one in 10 managerial positions in South Korea are held by women ( Troy , 2019). According to labor force survey released by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan, the female labor participation rate has kept rising for six consecutive years, surpassing that of the United States and France in 2016, reaching 69.4% in 2017. Although the proportion of women in the workforce in Japan is growing, unlike in western countries, Japanese women have become accustomed to the social expectation that they are expected to become a good wife, which includes the suppression of certain ambitions and aspirations in their careers (Hofstede, 1980).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cited Work

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications.

Robertson, R. (1992). Globalization: Social theory and global culture. London: Sage.

Troy Stangarone  (2019) Gender Inequality Makes South Korea Poorer

Retrieved from

https://thediplomat.com/2019/06/gender-inequality-makes-south-korea-poorer/

 

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