Personal Reflection Paper
Lecture 1: Situational Leadership
Lecture 2: Fielder’s Contingency Model and Path-Goal Theory
Module 3: Contingency Theory
Lecture 1: Situational Leadership
Lecture 2: Fielder’s Contingency Model and Path-Goal Theory
Module 3: Contingency Theory
• Discuss the elements of Fiedler’s Contingency Model of Leadership
• Describe the elements of the Path-Goal Theory
• Discuss Substitutes for Leadership
Lecture 2: Fiedler’s Model Objectives
Fiedler’s Contingency Model
Designed to diagnose whether a leader is task‐oriented or relationship‐
oriented and match leader style to the situation
Fiedler’s Contingency Model
Designed to diagnose whether a leader is task‐oriented or relationship‐
oriented and match leader style to the situation
Fielder’s Leadership Styles
• Relationship‐oriented ‐ Concerned with people ‐ Establishes mutual trust and respect ‐ Listens to employees’ needs
• Task‐oriented ‐ Primarily motivated by task accomplishment
• Measured with a least preferred coworker (LPC) scale
Situation
• Group atmosphere and members’ attitudes toward and acceptance of the leader
Leader‐member relations
• Extent to which tasks performed by the group are defined, involve specific procedures, and have clear, explicit goals
Task structure
• Extent to which the leader has formal authority over subordinates
Position power
Fiedler’s Classification: How Leader Style Fits the Situation
Fiedler’s Classification: How Leader Style Fits the Situation
Fiedler’s Classification: How Leader Style Fits the Situation
Fiedler’s Classification: How Leader Style Fits the Situation
Fiedler’s Classification: How Leader Style Fits the Situation
Path‐Goal Theory
Contingency approach to leadership in which the leader’s responsibility is to increase subordinates’ motivation
‐ By clarifying the behaviors necessary for task accomplishment and rewards
Leader Roles with Path‐Goal
Leader Behavior
• Shows concern for subordinates’ well‐being and personal needs • Leadership behavior is open, friendly, and approachable, and the leader creates a team climate and treats subordinates as equals
Supportive leadership
• Tells subordinates exactly what they are supposed to do • Leader behavior includes planning, making schedules, setting performance goals and behavior standards, and stressing adherence to rules and regulations
Directive leadership
Situational Theory
• Personal characteristics of group members ‐ Ability and skills ‐ Needs and motivations
• Work environment ‐ Degree of task structure ‐ Nature of the formal authority system ‐ Work group itself
Path‐Goal Situations and Preferred Leader Behaviors
Path‐Goal Situations and Preferred Leader Behaviors
Substitutes for Leadership
• Situational variable that makes leadership unnecessary or redundant
Substitute
• Situational characteristic that counteracts the leadership style and prevents the leader from displaying certain behaviors
Neutralizer
Substitutes and Neutralizers for Leadership
Substitutes and Neutralizers for Leadership
Substitutes and Neutralizers for Leadership
Substitutes and Neutralizers for Leadership
Substitutes and Neutralizers for Leadership
Complete:
Leader’s Self‐Insight 3.3
Self‐Assessment “Measuring Substitutes for Leadership”
Online Check for Module 3