help with leadershp assgn due in 48 hours
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LeadershipCRJA4325-55Week1.pptxLeadership CRJA 4325-55
Capt. Darwin Jones
Wiley College
Lee P. Brown Criminal Justice Institute
Leadership 4325-55
What is leadership?
Identify the traits and skills of an effective leader
Key leadership theories
Examine the role, duties and responsibilities of a Team Leader in the workplace
Understand the limits of authority in a Team Leader role
Session objectives
Leadership Skills
Leadership is the ability to develop a vision that motivates others to move with a passion toward a common goal. So leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent.
What is Leadership?
Leadership is the “process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task”.
Leadership CRJA 4325-55
"Leadership is ultimately about creating a way for people to contribute to making something extraordinary happen.“ ~Alan Keith
Leadership CRJA 4325-55
"Leadership is a function of knowing yourself, having a vision that is well communicated, building trust among colleagues, and taking effective action to realize your own leadership potential."
Prof. Warren Bennis
Leadership
Factors of Leadership
The three major styles of leadership are…
Authoritarian or autocratic
Participative or democratic
Delegative or Free Reign
Styles of Leadership
The authoritarian leader makes decisions alone as power is centralized in one person. Decisions are enforced using rewards and the fear of punishment. it is an abusive, unprofessional style called “bossing people around.”
Styles of Leadership
I never lose, I either win or learn.
Nelson Mandela was the first South African president elected in fully democratic elections. Mandela was also the main player in the anti-apartheid movements in the country and served a lengthy prison sentence because of the same. This did not stop Mandela and in fact motivated him to devote his life to uniting his country and he successfully managed to do so after his release from an almost 30 year prison sentence. His main characteristics were his determination, persistence, focus and will.
Nelson Mandela
In a gentle way, you can shake the world.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, better known as Mahatma Gandhi, was born an ordinary boy with a determination to excel at what he did. After completing law from London, he became the most important part of the Indian freedom struggle against the colonial rule. His policy of non-violence and protest through civil disobedience eventually succeeded when he led his country to freedom in 1947. His main characteristics were resilience, knowledge, people-skills, motivational approach and leading by example.
Mahatma Gandhi
“If you tell a big enough lie and tell it frequently enough, it will be believed. Make the lie big, make it simple, keep saying it, and eventually they will believe it.”
Although despised through the world, Adolf Hitler was one of the greatest leaders of all time. After becoming the chancellor of Germany in 1933, he was responsible for one of the greatest economic and military expansions the world has ever seen. He successfully invaded more than 10 countries with his brilliant strategy and meticulous planning. His oratory skills, propaganda and planning made him a leader par excellence.
Adolf Hitler
"Change will not come if we wait for some other person or some other time. We are the ones we've been waiting for. We are the change that we seek."
Born in Honolulu in 1961, Barack Obama went on to become President of the Harvard Law Review and a U.S. senator representing Illinois. In 2008, he was elected President of the United States, becoming the first African-American commander-in-chief. He served two terms as the 44 president of the United States.
Barack Obama
Democratic- The participative leader include one or more employees in the decision making process. Communication flow freely; suggestions are made in both directions. The participation encourages member commitment to the final decision.
Styles of Leadership
Delegative or Free Reign…
The free-rein leader gives power to subordinates to make the decisions. However, the leader is still responsible for the decisions that are made. This is used when employees are able to analyze the situation. Deligative style is generally not useful.
Styles of Leadership
Behavioral Theory
These theories of leadership are based upon the belief that great leaders are made, not born.
Rooted in behaviorism, this leadership theory focuses on the actions of leaders not on mental qualities or internal states.
According to this theory, people can learn to become leaders through teaching and observation.
The behavior approach says that anyone who adopts the appropriate behavior can be a good leader.
Are Leaders Born or Made?
Early Theories:
Great Man Theories
Leaders are exceptional people, born with innate qualities, destined to lead
Term 'man' was intentional - concept was primarily male, military and Western
Leadership Theory
Leadership Skills
Trait Theories
Research on traits or qualities associated with leadership are numerous
Traits are hard to measure. For example, how do we measure honesty or integrity?
Leadership Theory
Group Exercise:
Choose leaders YOU admire
What personality traits and skills do they have?
What stands out about them?
Leadership Traits
Leadership Skills
Traits
Adaptable to situations
Alert to social environment
Ambitious and achievement orientated
Assertive
Cooperative
Decisive
Dependable
Dominant (desire to influence others)
Energetic (high activity level)
Persistent
Self-confident
Tolerant of stress
Willing to assume responsibility
Leadership Traits and Skills
Leadership Skills
Skills…
Clever (intelligent)
Conceptually skilled
Creative
Diplomatic and tactful
Fluent in speaking
Knowledgeable about group task
Organised (administrative ability)
Persuasive
Timely
Socially skilled
Stogdill, 1974
Leadership Traits and Skills
Leaders will also use:
Integrity
Honesty
Compassion
Humility
Bearing
Courage
Decisiveness
Dependability
Enthusiasm
Leadership Traits and Skills
Functional Theories (John Adair, Action Centred Leadership, 1970)
Leader is concerned with the interaction of 3 areas:
Task – goal setting, methods and process
Team – effective interaction/communication, clarify roles, team morale
Individual – attention to behaviour, feelings, coaching, CPD
Leadership Skills
Leadership Theory
Behaviourist Theories (Blake and Mouton, Managerial grid, 1964)
Leaders behaviour and actions, rather than their traits and skills e.g. production orientated or people orientated
Different leadership behaviours categorised as ‘leadership styles’ e.g. autocratic, persuasive, consultative, democratic
Doesn’t provide guide to effective leadership in different situations
Leadership Theory
| Competency | Low competence | Some competence | High competence | High competence |
| Motivation | Low commitment/ Unable and unwilling or insecure | Variable commitment/ Unable but willing or motivated | Variable commitment/ Able but unwilling or insecure | High commitment/ Able and willing or motivated |
| Leadership style | DIRECTIVE (Telling) | COACHING (Selling) | SUPPORTIVE (Participating) | DELEGATORY (Observing) |
Leadership Skills
Situational/contingency Leadership (Hersey-Blanchard, 1970/80) Leadership style changes according to the 'situation‘ and in response to the individuals being managed – their competency and motivation
Leadership Theory
Transformational Theory (Bass and Avolio, 1994)
Leaders inspire individuals, develop trust, and encourage creativity and personal growth
Individuals develop a sense of purpose to benefit the group, organisation or society. This goes beyond their own self-interests and an exchange of rewards or recognition for effort or loyalty.
Leadership Skills
New Leadership Theory
Guide/coordinate team members – encourage teamwork and motivate individuals
Provide structure for team – set mission and purpose, clarify roles and responsibilities, allocate tasks and set objectives
Clarify working methods, practises and protocol
Focus on performance – anticipate challenges, monitor performance, delegate and provide CPD support
Leadership Skills
Key Team Leader Responsibilities
Accountability the state of being accountable, liable, or answerable
Responsibility (for objects, tasks or people) can be delegated but accountability can not – buck stops with you!
A good leader accepts ultimate responsibility:
will give credit to others when delegated responsibilities succeed
will accept blame when delegated responsibilities fail
Accountability can not operate fairly without the leader being given full authority for the responsibilities concerned
Authority is the power to influence or command thought, opinion or behaviour
Cross-functional team – less authority - more difficult to manage
Accountability, Responsibility, and Authority
Discuss examples you have come across of strong and weak leadership
Choose leaders YOU admire
What personality traits and skills do they have?
What are the key responsibilities of the team leader role?
What does having authority mean?
Considerations…
CRJA 4325-55 Leadership Questions
