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Empathize_Define1.pptx
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Empathize_Define1.pptx
Building Cultural Empathy & Defining an Intercultural Problem
Learning Objectives
Learn how to write empathy interview questions
Learn how to conduct an empathy interview for ICC training assignment
Learn how to capture and analyze data from empathy interviews
Learn how to create insight statements to redefine an intercultural problem
Design Thinking as a Human-Centered Innovation Process
Noticing
Empathize
Sensemaking
Define
Experimenting
Ideation
Prototyping
Testing
Noticing > Empathize
“I can’t come up with any new ideas if all I do is exist in my own life.”
Emi Kolawole
Editor-in-Residence, Stanford University d.school
Goal: Learn about the specific needs and challenges facing your stakeholders
Empathy Interviews
Intercultural Empathy Brief (20 pts.) due Wednesday, Oct 25 11:59:00 PM
Interview 1
1) Provide the below info for the interviewee:
Name / Pseudonym:
Age:
Education Level:
Reason for choosing this interviewee: Advance a rationale for relevance and diversity criterion listed in the evaluation criteria.
2) Provide a list of questions you generated for this interviewee. Refer to guidelines for empathy interview questions before creating yours.
3) Write out the most “memorable” direct quotes in a single, complete sentence from the interview and briefly state why these quotes are important for problem definition.
Quote 1:
Quote 2:
Rationale for the quote choice: (Focus on the connection between the quote and intercultural communication concepts / issues)
4) Summarize your observations of the interviewee’s nonverbal behaviors in at least 2-3 complete sentences as you asked questions about intercultural issues.
5) Based on the interview, what specific frustrations / needs did you identify in the user in terms of intercultural communication? (Must be written with clear language in complete sentences. Your response should provide specific examples from the interview that helped you infer these needs / frustrations)
Frustration 1 / Need 1:
Example from the interview:
Frustration 2 / Need 2:
Example from the interview:
Questions about context /details (must be open-ended, leave room for elaboration)
Ask about events, experiences related to intercultural encounters.
Could you describe a recent event where you interacted with cultural others? It can be at work, school, public spaces..
What would a good experience look like when a cultural stranger interacts with you?
Ask about exceptions
Can you tell me about a time when you did not have conflict with a cultural stranger? Where / how did this happen?
Ask for specific examples, emotions, times…
Think of the last time you initiated a conversation with someone from a different culture. What happened?
Thinking of the last time you had a very good experience interacting with someone from a different culture. What was it like? How did you feel?
Do not ask questions that could be answered with 1-2 words or yes/no
Probing Questions
Ask for clarification
Did you mean this makes you feel incompetent? Why?
Ask about code words / native language
Why do you call it that? Why does this word have a negative meaning in your culture?
As about emotional cues
Why do you laugh when you mention “going out at night”?
Explain to an outsider
How would you explain someone from a different culture the way these words make you feel?
Ask why
Probing Questions Cont.
Follow the peaks and valleys..
Start with a broad topic, do not start with a course concept
Let the speaker keep choosing the direction - Make them feel like they are in control
Do not take notes while listening. Record & take notes immediately after the session
Reiterate / rephrase a response to check mutual understanding
Stick to the speaker’s vocabulary – do not introduce technical words / jargon from the course
Try not to say “I” too much
What came to your mind when I mentioned this to you?
Use the fewest number of words possible – generally as follow-up questions
Why? What was your reasoning? Because?
Helps build rapport
Try not to say “I” too much –
makes the speaker want to know what you want them to say
Watch out referencing yourself – ”That happens to me all the time!”
Risk of misinterpreting the emotion / offending the speaker
Be Supportive
Do not go over the questions as if you are in a job interview, have a genuine conversation
be present and genuinely interested
Act human during the session, not a robot – laugh, react, make eye contact
Never switch abruptly
Watch out saying “Okay, great” “ That’s great”
Say "You mentioned ... " or "What was that about ... " with a few of the words they mentioned
Act human during the session, not a robot – laugh, react
Watch out referencing yourself – ”That happens to me all the time!”
Risk of misinterpreting the emotion / offending the speaker
“Channel all your intensity to find out who this person really is”
Maybe what she described wasn't "great" at all, but distressing
Cultural Empathy Interview Exercise (15-20 mins.)
Pick a specific topic related to intercultural communication (e.g., ethnocentrism, stereotyping, discrimination, immigrant experiences, intercultural romantic relationships, intercultural conflict, etc.)
Create 3-5 open-ended questions, include probing questions related to this person’s experiences with intercultural communication (with a particular focus on your topic) (5 mins)
Do not ask them if people are ethnocentric or whether they are being stereotyped? Be more indirect:
What issues do you experience while interacting with people that are not from your ethnic / religious background?
How do these interactions affect you? Why?
Could you give me an example? Tell me more.
What does a bad intercultural encounter appear like from your perspective? Good one? Could you give me an example?
Pair up with a person with whom you haven’t talked this semester
Get your phone ready to audio record your interview session.
First, you interview your partner
(5 mins.)
Then, your partner interviews you (5 mins.)
Give each other feedback about the type and content of questions as well as their non-verbals during the interview.
CAPTURE ALL THE DATA POINTS
CONNECT ALL THE DATA POINTS
Define a problem exercise (15-20 mins.)
Reflect on your empathy interview data
Capture all your points and connect them based on similar themes
Write down 2-3 novel, interesting and actionable insights
Pick one insight and write it as a HMW question
This will be the question you will address in your ICC training once you analyze your real interview data
Share your insights and the final HMW with your team members and get feedback
(e.g., Is this an interesting question that is worth exploring? Is this a question that can be addressed with a training activity? Is there room for improving this question to make it more human-focused and actionable?)
CRAFT INSIGHTS
From Insight Statements to HMW Questions..
Insight statement: Ayla is tired of going to new social circles and answering the same questions about her origin story as this makes her feel like an outsider in a country she calls home.
Insight statement: Kate is hesitant to initiate conversations with classmates from other ethnic or racial backgrounds as she is afraid to say the wrong thing and offend them.
Goal: Translate Insights to How might we (HMW) statements to help you define an actionable, human-centered problem
1) Not solution-focused, but human-focused
Solution-focused: HMW build an app to improve Breanna's dating life?
Human-focused: HMW help Breanna improve her dating life?
2) Focus on desired emotional outcomes (feel less frustrated, etc.)
HMW make Breanna’s dating experience productive so that she does not feel frustrated wasting her time?
3) Problem Scoping: Not too narrow or broad
Narrow: HMW help Breanna practice an affective attitude so she does not get frustrated with her intercultural communication skills?
Broad: HMW help Breanna be less frustrated?
HMW: How might we help Breanna have a more enjoyable first date with someone from a different cultural background so that she doesn’t feel frustrated with her intercultural skills and hesitate to initiate dates with cultural strangers?
From Insight Statements to HMW Questions..
Insight statement: Ayla is tired of going to new social circles and answering the same questions about her origin story as this makes her feel like an outsider in a country she calls home.
HMW: How might we help majority group members in the US become more interculturally flexible and competent while interacting with people who are visibly different from them?
Insight statement: Kate is hesitant to initiate conversations with classmates from other ethnic or racial backgrounds as she is afraid to say the wrong thing and offend them.
HMW: How might we help Kate feel more equipped with intercultural skills so that she feels confident while interacting with cultural strangers?
Intercultural Empathy Brief (20 pts.)
6) Analyze and reflect on your findings from the above interviews (For instance, identify any similarities and differences across the interview findings. Cluster any similar key takeaways, goals, frustrations, etc.) Below, discuss the connections between your interview findings and the relevant course concepts. Pick a specific theory / concept and try to interpret the findings from theses interviews through the lens of this theory / concept (Your analysis & interpretation should be min 150, max 250 words, SHOULD NOT USE DIRECT QUOTATIONS, written in complete sentences).
7) Write out an insight statement* to summarize your analysis. Translate it into a “How Might We” (HMW)** question to finalize your problem statement. Your insight should be 1) ONE, SINGLE SENTENCE, 2) emphasize what your cultural group need/want and clearly 3) define the problem you will try to solve in your ICC training. (Do not offer a solution here, simply define the problem in a clear way)
*Sample insight: Group X wants to increase their belonging to UMass Boston community (NEED/WANT), but unfortunately the community members see them through an ethnocentric lens (PROBLEM)
**Sample HMW: How might we convince the UMASS Boston community to adopt a more ethnorelative approach while interacting with members from Group X?
Insight Statement:
How might we__________________________________________________________?
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comm3.doc
Empathize_Define1.pptx
Building Cultural Empathy & Defining an Intercultural Problem
Learning Objectives
Learn how to write empathy interview questions
Learn how to conduct an empathy interview for ICC training assignment
Learn how to capture and analyze data from empathy interviews
Learn how to create insight statements to redefine an intercultural problem
Design Thinking as a Human-Centered Innovation Process
Noticing
Empathize
Sensemaking
Define
Experimenting
Ideation
Prototyping
Testing
Noticing > Empathize
“I can’t come up with any new ideas if all I do is exist in my own life.”
Emi Kolawole
Editor-in-Residence, Stanford University d.school
Goal: Learn about the specific needs and challenges facing your stakeholders
Empathy Interviews
Intercultural Empathy Brief (20 pts.) due Wednesday, Oct 25 11:59:00 PM
Interview 1
1) Provide the below info for the interviewee:
Name / Pseudonym:
Age:
Education Level:
Reason for choosing this interviewee: Advance a rationale for relevance and diversity criterion listed in the evaluation criteria.
2) Provide a list of questions you generated for this interviewee. Refer to guidelines for empathy interview questions before creating yours.
3) Write out the most “memorable” direct quotes in a single, complete sentence from the interview and briefly state why these quotes are important for problem definition.
Quote 1:
Quote 2:
Rationale for the quote choice: (Focus on the connection between the quote and intercultural communication concepts / issues)
4) Summarize your observations of the interviewee’s nonverbal behaviors in at least 2-3 complete sentences as you asked questions about intercultural issues.
5) Based on the interview, what specific frustrations / needs did you identify in the user in terms of intercultural communication? (Must be written with clear language in complete sentences. Your response should provide specific examples from the interview that helped you infer these needs / frustrations)
Frustration 1 / Need 1:
Example from the interview:
Frustration 2 / Need 2:
Example from the interview:
Questions about context /details (must be open-ended, leave room for elaboration)
Ask about events, experiences related to intercultural encounters.
Could you describe a recent event where you interacted with cultural others? It can be at work, school, public spaces..
What would a good experience look like when a cultural stranger interacts with you?
Ask about exceptions
Can you tell me about a time when you did not have conflict with a cultural stranger? Where / how did this happen?
Ask for specific examples, emotions, times…
Think of the last time you initiated a conversation with someone from a different culture. What happened?
Thinking of the last time you had a very good experience interacting with someone from a different culture. What was it like? How did you feel?
Do not ask questions that could be answered with 1-2 words or yes/no
Probing Questions
Ask for clarification
Did you mean this makes you feel incompetent? Why?
Ask about code words / native language
Why do you call it that? Why does this word have a negative meaning in your culture?
As about emotional cues
Why do you laugh when you mention “going out at night”?
Explain to an outsider
How would you explain someone from a different culture the way these words make you feel?
Ask why
Probing Questions Cont.
Follow the peaks and valleys..
Start with a broad topic, do not start with a course concept
Let the speaker keep choosing the direction - Make them feel like they are in control
Do not take notes while listening. Record & take notes immediately after the session
Reiterate / rephrase a response to check mutual understanding
Stick to the speaker’s vocabulary – do not introduce technical words / jargon from the course
Try not to say “I” too much
What came to your mind when I mentioned this to you?
Use the fewest number of words possible – generally as follow-up questions
Why? What was your reasoning? Because?
Helps build rapport
Try not to say “I” too much –
makes the speaker want to know what you want them to say
Watch out referencing yourself – ”That happens to me all the time!”
Risk of misinterpreting the emotion / offending the speaker
Be Supportive
Do not go over the questions as if you are in a job interview, have a genuine conversation
be present and genuinely interested
Act human during the session, not a robot – laugh, react, make eye contact
Never switch abruptly
Watch out saying “Okay, great” “ That’s great”
Say "You mentioned ... " or "What was that about ... " with a few of the words they mentioned
Act human during the session, not a robot – laugh, react
Watch out referencing yourself – ”That happens to me all the time!”
Risk of misinterpreting the emotion / offending the speaker
“Channel all your intensity to find out who this person really is”
Maybe what she described wasn't "great" at all, but distressing
Cultural Empathy Interview Exercise (15-20 mins.)
Pick a specific topic related to intercultural communication (e.g., ethnocentrism, stereotyping, discrimination, immigrant experiences, intercultural romantic relationships, intercultural conflict, etc.)
Create 3-5 open-ended questions, include probing questions related to this person’s experiences with intercultural communication (with a particular focus on your topic) (5 mins)
Do not ask them if people are ethnocentric or whether they are being stereotyped? Be more indirect:
What issues do you experience while interacting with people that are not from your ethnic / religious background?
How do these interactions affect you? Why?
Could you give me an example? Tell me more.
What does a bad intercultural encounter appear like from your perspective? Good one? Could you give me an example?
Pair up with a person with whom you haven’t talked this semester
Get your phone ready to audio record your interview session.
First, you interview your partner
(5 mins.)
Then, your partner interviews you (5 mins.)
Give each other feedback about the type and content of questions as well as their non-verbals during the interview.
CAPTURE ALL THE DATA POINTS
CONNECT ALL THE DATA POINTS
Define a problem exercise (15-20 mins.)
Reflect on your empathy interview data
Capture all your points and connect them based on similar themes
Write down 2-3 novel, interesting and actionable insights
Pick one insight and write it as a HMW question
This will be the question you will address in your ICC training once you analyze your real interview data
Share your insights and the final HMW with your team members and get feedback
(e.g., Is this an interesting question that is worth exploring? Is this a question that can be addressed with a training activity? Is there room for improving this question to make it more human-focused and actionable?)
CRAFT INSIGHTS
From Insight Statements to HMW Questions..
Insight statement: Ayla is tired of going to new social circles and answering the same questions about her origin story as this makes her feel like an outsider in a country she calls home.
Insight statement: Kate is hesitant to initiate conversations with classmates from other ethnic or racial backgrounds as she is afraid to say the wrong thing and offend them.
Goal: Translate Insights to How might we (HMW) statements to help you define an actionable, human-centered problem
1) Not solution-focused, but human-focused
Solution-focused: HMW build an app to improve Breanna's dating life?
Human-focused: HMW help Breanna improve her dating life?
2) Focus on desired emotional outcomes (feel less frustrated, etc.)
HMW make Breanna’s dating experience productive so that she does not feel frustrated wasting her time?
3) Problem Scoping: Not too narrow or broad
Narrow: HMW help Breanna practice an affective attitude so she does not get frustrated with her intercultural communication skills?
Broad: HMW help Breanna be less frustrated?
HMW: How might we help Breanna have a more enjoyable first date with someone from a different cultural background so that she doesn’t feel frustrated with her intercultural skills and hesitate to initiate dates with cultural strangers?
From Insight Statements to HMW Questions..
Insight statement: Ayla is tired of going to new social circles and answering the same questions about her origin story as this makes her feel like an outsider in a country she calls home.
HMW: How might we help majority group members in the US become more interculturally flexible and competent while interacting with people who are visibly different from them?
Insight statement: Kate is hesitant to initiate conversations with classmates from other ethnic or racial backgrounds as she is afraid to say the wrong thing and offend them.
HMW: How might we help Kate feel more equipped with intercultural skills so that she feels confident while interacting with cultural strangers?
Intercultural Empathy Brief (20 pts.)
6) Analyze and reflect on your findings from the above interviews (For instance, identify any similarities and differences across the interview findings. Cluster any similar key takeaways, goals, frustrations, etc.) Below, discuss the connections between your interview findings and the relevant course concepts. Pick a specific theory / concept and try to interpret the findings from theses interviews through the lens of this theory / concept (Your analysis & interpretation should be min 150, max 250 words, SHOULD NOT USE DIRECT QUOTATIONS, written in complete sentences).
7) Write out an insight statement* to summarize your analysis. Translate it into a “How Might We” (HMW)** question to finalize your problem statement. Your insight should be 1) ONE, SINGLE SENTENCE, 2) emphasize what your cultural group need/want and clearly 3) define the problem you will try to solve in your ICC training. (Do not offer a solution here, simply define the problem in a clear way)
*Sample insight: Group X wants to increase their belonging to UMass Boston community (NEED/WANT), but unfortunately the community members see them through an ethnocentric lens (PROBLEM)
**Sample HMW: How might we convince the UMASS Boston community to adopt a more ethnorelative approach while interacting with members from Group X?
Insight Statement:
How might we__________________________________________________________?
image1.jpeg
image2.png
image3.png
image4.png
image5.png
image6.png
image7.png
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