History 4 Essays
m.blouseiy4
wwii-1.pptxWORLD WAR II
Readings: Smith, et al., 950-955, 959-985
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JAPANESE BOMB PEARL HARBOR
Sneak Attack on U.S Naval Base
Destroys planes and battleships
Aircraft carriers out on maneuvers
Roosevelt: Day of Infamy
Admiral Yamamoto: “We have awakened a sleeping tiger”
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THE U.S. ENTERS WORLD WAR II
December 7: Pearl Harbor Bombed
December 8: U.S. Declares War on Japan
December 10: Britain Declares War on Japan
December 11: Hitler Declares War on the U.S.
Italy Declares War on the United States
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WORLD WAR II COMBATTANTS
EUROPE:
ALLIES: ENGLAND, THE SOVIET UNION, AND THE UNITED STATES
AXIS:
GERMANY AND ITALY
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WORLD WAR II COMBATTANTS
ASIA:
ALLIES:
UNITED STATES, GREAT BRITAIN
AXIS:
JAPAN AND GERMANY
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PROBLEM – SOVIET UNION
Stalin Creating 2nd
Superpower
5 Year Plans – Rapid Industrialization
Collectivization of Agriculture – Increase Productivity to Feed Workers
Great Terror –
Forced Migration to
Siberia
Does it make it possible to do things not possible in Democracy
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U.S. – Fight war in Europe First
Stakes Highest
Hitler Dominating Europe
Much of War Fought in North Africa (September 1940-May 1943)
Mussolini wanted to reconstruct Roman Empire, invades Egypt
Germany bales out Mussolini
U.S. contributes tank force under Gen. George Patton
Patton defeats German General Erwin Rommel
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U.S. Britain, Canada invade Italy (July 10, 1943)
Mussolini forced to resign (July 25, 1943)
Rescued by Hitler September 15, 1943
Creates Salo Republic in Northern Italy
Much of European fighting in Italy
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BATTLE OF BRITAIN
Massive Bombing
Germans Target London
Britain Targets German Cities
Civilian Casualties High
Firebombing of Dresden
Radar
Enigma Machines
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Hitler invades Soviet Union (June 22, 1941)
Germans Decide on “Final Solution”
Winter Threatens German Troops in Russia
Siege of Moscow
Battle of Stalingrad
Gen. Zhukov stops Germans advance (November 1942) – major turning point of war in Europe
10
War in the Pacific
Japan invades Philippines (January 2, 1942)
Conquers most of Southeast Asia, Many Islands
U.S., allies, have to fight back island by island
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MAKING PEACE OUT OF WAR
Moscow Conference (October 19-November 1, 1943)
U.S., Britain, Soviet Union agree to form United Nations
Tehran Conference (November 28-December 1, 1943)
Open up Second Front
Europe’s Soft Underbelly: Eastern Europe (Churchill)
France
Ultimately – Normandy Landing – D-Day June 6, 1944
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WORLD WAR II COMBATTANTS
EUROPE:
ALLIES: ENGLAND, THE SOVIET UNION, AND THE UNITED STATES
AXIS:
GERMANY AND ITALY
13
MAKING PEACE OUT OF WAR
Yalta Conference (February 1945)
Germany to be Disarmed and Denazified
German Leaders to be Tried as War Criminals
Each power would occupy part of Germany
Soviet Union could collect Reparations
United Nations would be formed
Agreed Soviets could supervise elections in Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary
Agreed to divide Korea at 38th Parallel – if Soviets declared war on Japan
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END OF WAR IN EUROPE
Roosevelt dies (April 12, 1945)
Harry Truman becomes U.S. President
German Divisions in Italy Resign (April 28, 1945)
Mussolini and Mistress Killed by Anti-Fascists
Battle of Berlin (May 1, 1945)
Hitler and new wife Eva Braun commit suicide
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V-E Day in Europe (May 8, 1945)
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POTSDAM CONFERENCE (JULY 17-AUGUST 2, 1945)
Truman, Churchill/Atlee, Stalin confirm Yalta Agreement
Truman announces U.S. secret weapon
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Hiroshima (August 6, 1945)
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SOVIETS DECLARE WAR ON JAPAN (AUGUST 8, 1945)
Soviets invade Korea, Manchuria
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U.S. DROPS ATOMIC BOMB ON NAGASAKI (AUGUST 9, 1945)
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JAPAN SURRENDERS (AUGUST 10, 1945)
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WORLD WAR II ENDS/COLD WAR BEGINS (SEPTEMBER 2, 1945)
Korea Divided at 38th Parallel
Germany Divided
“Iron Curtain” Descending Upon Europe
Nuclear Arms Race
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COLD WAR IN EUROPE
Fear of Communism in Greece, Italy, and France
Fear of Revival of Fascism in Germany
July 1947 – Marshall Plan
April 1949 – Creation of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Orga1nization)
August 29, 1949 – Soviets detonate Atomic Bomb
1955 – Soviets form Warsaw Pact
October 4, 1957 – Soviets launch Sputnik
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European Union
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