SCIENCE LAB REPORT-$25

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sfa_star_chart_-_northern_region.pdf

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SFA Star Chart 1 - Northern Region

−2

−1

0 1 2 3 4 5

εζ

δβ

κ λ

χ η

γ α

β α

γβ

γ β

θ ι

µψ

βζ

λ µ

ι ξτ

ο κ

ν η

δγ ε

γ 7

α β

θβ

κ υ

δ γ

β α

γβ

30º

40º

50º

60º

70º

80º

60º

50º

40º

30º

30 º

40 º

50 º

60 º

70 º

80 º

70 º

60 º

50 º

40 º

30 º

Local M eridian for 8 PM

23 h

22 h

21 h

20 h

19 h

18 h

17 h

16 h

15 h

14 h

13 h

12h 11

10 h

9 h

8 h

7 h

6 h

5 h

4 h

3 h

2 h

1 h 0h

Nov 5

Oc t 2

O ct

S ep

2 0

S ep

A ug 21

A ug 6

Jul 22

Jul 6

Jun 21

Jun 6

May 22

May 6

Ap r 2

A pr

M ar

2 2

M ar

F eb 20

F eb 5

Jan 20

Jan 5

Dec 21

Dec 6

Nov 20

Vega

Thuban

Schedar

Eltanin Polaris

Phecda

Mizar

Mirfak

Mirach

Merak Megrez

Kocab

Dubhe

Deneb

Cor Caroli

Castor

Caph

Capella

Alkaid

Rastaban

Alioth

Algol

Alderamin

Alcor

URSA MINOR

URSA MAJOR

TRIANGULUM

PERSEUS

LYRA

LYNX

LEO MINOR

LACERTA

HERCULES

GEMINI DRACO

CYGNUS

CEPHEUS

CASSIOPEIA

CANES VENATICI

CAMELOPARDALIS

BOOTES

AURIGA

ANDROMEDA

ANDROMEDA - Daughter of Cepheus and Cassiopeia ANTLIA - Air Pumpe APUS - Bird of Paradise AQUILA - Eagle AQUARIUS - Water Carrier ARA - Altar ARIES - Ram AURIGA - Charioteer BOOTES - Herdsman CAELUM - Graving Tool CAMELOPARDALIS - Giraffe CAPRICORNUS - Sea Goat CARINA - Keel of the Ship Argo CASSIOPEIA - Ethiopian Queen on a Throne CENTAURUS - Half horse and half man CEPHEUS - Ethiopian King CETUS - Whale CHAMAELEON - Chameleon CIRCINUS - Compasses CANIS MAJOR - Larger Dog CANIS MINOR - Smaller Dog CANCER - Crab COLUMBA - Dove COMA BERENICES - Berenice's Hair CORONA AUSTRALIS - Southern Crown CORONA BOREALIS - Northern Crown CRATER - Cup CRUX - Cross CORVUS - Crow CANES VENATICI - Hunting Dogs CYGNUS - Swan DELPHINUS - Dolphin DORADO - Goldfish DRACO - Dragon EQUULEUS - Little Horse ERIDANUS - River FORNAX - Furnace GEMINI - Twins GRUS - Crane HERCULES - Hero HOROLOGIUM - Clock HYDRA - Sea Serpent HYDRUS - Water Snake INDUS - Indian

SFA Star Chart 2 - Equatorial Region

ζ ν

υ ι

κ δ

χ2

ξ ν

χ1

π5 π4

π3

ζ ε

γα

η ζ σ

ο1

δ ζ

β ε

µ ζ

λ κ

β γ

γ α

θ ε

ε ι

ζ ε

η σ

νσ

αβ δ

ει

α β

γδ α

σ θ

λ θ

α β

η ι

γ β

ι θ

ξλ

ηα

ϕ χ

τ4

υ2

νµ

ο1

τ3

τ6

τ5

ο2

τ1

υ1

τ8 τ9

τ2

ι ϕ

θ µ

ο ε

β γ

Local Meridian for 8 PM

π6

π2

ο2

Pleiades

Mar 21

Mar 31

Apr 10

Apr 20

May 1

May 11

May 21

Jun 1 Jun 11

Jun 22 Jul 2

Jul 12

Jul 23

Aug 2

Aug 12

Aug 23

Sep 2

Sep 13

Sep 23

10º

20º

30º

40º

50º

60º

70º 80º90º100º

110º

120º

130º

140º

160º

170 º

May 22 May 6 Apr 21 Apr 6 Mar 22 Mar 7 Feb 20 Feb 5 Jan 20 Jan 5 Dec 21 Dec 6 Nov 20

CAMELOPARDALIS

URSA MAJOR

PISCES

PERSEUS

ERIDANUS

PHOENIX

FORNAX

CETUS

SCULPTOR

CAELUM

HOROLOGIUM

AURIGA

TAURUS

ANDROMEDA

DORADO PICTOR

CASSIOPEIA

CARINA

COLUMBA

PUPPIS

HYDRA

ANTLIA

CRATER

VELA

VIRGO

LYNX

LEO MINOR

LEO ARIES

TRIANGULUM

PYXIS

SEXTANS

LEPUS

MONOCERUS

CANIS MAJOR

CANIS MINOR

CANCER GEMINI

ORION

Phecda

Merak

Algol

Mirfak

Algenib

Zaurak

Cursa

Achernar

Baten

Mekab

Diphda

Mira

Capella

Alnath

Aldebaran

Alpheratz

Mirach

Schedar

Canopus

Phakt

Zosma

Denebola Regulus

Hamal

Arneb

Sirius

Procyon

Castor

Pollux

Saiph

BellatrixBetelgeuse

Rigel

12h 11h 10h 9h 8h 7h 6h 5h 4h 3h 2h 1h 0h -60º

-50º

-40º

-30º

-20º

-10º

0º

10º

20º

30º

40º

50º

60º

-60º

-50º

-40º

-30º

-20º

-10º

0º

10º

20º

30º

40º

50º

60º

Right Ascension

D ec

lin at

io n

SFA Star Chart 3 - Equatorial Region

MICROSCOPIUM

ε α

η λ

ρ ι

τ ϕ

δ ζ

β α

δ γ

ν ο

η ι

πσ

θ τ

µγ ιβδ

ωξ

χ ϕ

λγ

η ε

ζδ

βγ

δγ

θ γ

τ υ

δ θ

µ λ

δι

β α

γδ

ν θξ ι

β γ

γ ζ

ϕ θ

ελ

ζ γ

η β

νκ

ιµ

η γ

κ ι

δ γ

ε γ

λε

ζ θ δ

β α

γβ

γ β

ζ δ ζ

θ ι

CIRCINUS

24h 12 h

13h14h15h16h17h18h19h20h21h22h23h

Nov 20 Nov 5 Oct 21 Oct 6 Sep 20 Sep 5 Aug 21 Aug 6 Jul 22 Jul 6 Jun 21 Jun 6 May 22

Mar 21

Mar 11

Mar 1

Feb 19

Feb 9

Jan 30

Jan 20 Jan 10

Dec 31 Dec 22 Dec 12 Dec 2

Nov 22 Nov 1

Nov 2

Oct 23

Oct 13

Oct 3

Sep 23

350º

340º

330º

320º

310º

300º 290º

280º 270º 260º 250º

240º

230º

220º

210º

200º

190 º

180 º

Vega

Spica

Mizar

Markab

Fomalhaut

Deneb

Cor Caroli

Alkaid

Arcturus

Antares

Altair

CORONA BOREALIS

Alioth Alcor

Albireo

CRUX TUCANA

CEPHEUS

PISCES

SCULPTOR

PHOENIX

HYDRA

CENTAURUS

ANDROMEDA

VULPECULA

VIRGO

TELESCOPIUM

SAGITTARIUS

SAGITTA

SERPENS

SCUTUM

SCORPIUS

PISCES AUSTRINUS

PEGASUS

PAVO

OPHIUCHUS

NORMA

LYRA

LUPUS

LIBRA

LACERTA

INDUS

HERCULES

GRUS

EQUULEUS

DRACO

DELPHINUS

CYGNUS CANES VENATICI

CORVUS

CORONA AUSTRALIS

COMA BERENICES

CAPRICORNUS

BOOTES

ARA

AQUARIUS

AQUILA

60º

50º

40º

30º

20º

10º

0º

-10º

-20º

-30º

-40º

-50º

-60º-60º

-50º

-40º

-30º

-20º

-10º

0º

10º

20º

30º

40º

50º

60º

Right Ascension

D ec

lin at

io n

Local Meridian for 8 PM

SFA Star Chart 4 - Southern Region

−2

−1

2 3 4 5

ζ α

ε δ

γ β

ε δ

δ ζ

εη

δ γ

α β

δ βγ

β α

ζ µ

θ λ

δ γε

τ µ

β δ

ν ξ

δ β

δ η

εγ

β α

αθ

ηβ

µ θ

λ χ κ

ι ϕ

ζ η

βα

ε δ

µ λ

δι

δ γ

η λ

εζ

δ γ β α

γ β

δ θ

β γ

υ2

η ζ

ε γ

η γ

δ β

η ζ

γβ

χ ω

θ ι

γ η

β α

ν τ

τ µ ν

δ ζ

δγ

-30º

-40º

-50º

-60º

-70º

-80º

-70º

-60º

-50º

-40º

-30º

-3 0º

-4 0º

-5 0º -6 0º

-7 0º

-8 0º

-7 0º

-6 0º

-5 0º -3 0º

Local M eridian for 8 PM

23 h

22 h

21 h

20 h

19 h

18 h

17 h

16 h

15 h

14 h

13 h

12h 11 h

10 h

9 h

8 h

7 h

6 h

5 h

4 h

3 h

2 h

1 h

0h Nov 5

Oct 21

O ct 6

Sep 20

S ep 5

A ug 21

A ug

J ul

2 2

Ju l 6

Ju n 2

Jun 6

May 22

May 6

Apr 21

A pr 6

M ar 22

M ar 7

F eb

2 0

F eb

J an

2 0

Ja n

De c 2

Dec 6

Nov 20

SCULPTOR

SCORPIUS

PISCES AUSTRINUS

HYDRA

FORNAX

Rigil Kentaurus

Mimosa

Hadar

Canopus

Acrux

Achernar

VOLANS

VELA

TUCANA

TRIANGULUM AUSTRALIS

TELESCOPIUM

SAGITTARIUS

RETICULUM

PYXIS

PUPPIS

PICTOR

PHOENIX

PAVO

OCTANS

NORMA

MUSCA

MICROSCOPIUM

MENSA

LUPUS

INDUS

HYDRUS

HOROLOGIUM

GRUS

ERIDANUS

DORADO

CRUX

CORONA AUSTRALIS

COLUMBA

CIRCINUS

CHAMAELEON

CENTAURUS

CARINA

CAELUM

ARA APUS

ANTLIA

LACERTA - Lizard LEO - Lion LEPUS - Hare LIBRA - Scales LEO MINOR - Smaller Lion LUPUS - Wolf LYNX - Wildcat LYRA - Harp MENSA - Table Mountain MICROSCOPIUM - Microscope MONOCERUS - Unicorn MUSCA - Fly NORMA - Carpenter`s Square OCTANS - Octant, Navigational Instrument OPHIUCHUS - Serpent Holder ORION - The Hunter PAVO - Peacock PEGASUS - Winged Horse PERSEUS - Hero PHOENIX - Mythical Bird PICTOR - Easel PISCES AUSTRINUS - Southern Fish PISCES - Fish PUPPIS - Stern of the Ship Argo PYXIS - Mariner's Compass RETICULUM - Net SCULPTOR - Sculptor's Apparatus SCORPIUS - Scorpion SCUTUM - Shield SERPENS - Serpent SEXTANS - Sextant, Navigational Instrument SAGITTA - Arrow SAGITTARIUS - Archer TAURUS - Bull TELESCOPIUM - Telescope TRIANGULUM AUSTRALIS - Southern Triangle TRIANGULUM - Triangle TUCANA - Toucan URSA MAJOR - Great Bear URSA MINOR - Little Bear VELA - Sails of the Ship Argo VIRGO - Virgin VOLANS - Flying Fish VULPECULA - Fox

Using the SFA Star Charts

The charts provided cover the entire celestial sphere. You will notice that there are regions were the charts overlap. For example, Perseus can be found on both Chart 1 and Chart 2.

The procedures outlined on the next page are for observers in the northern hemisphere. Chart 4 is not needed for these observers. Right Ascension and Declination The coordinates of stars and other objects on the celestial sphere are called right ascension and declination. These coordinates are similar to those used on Earth: longitude and latitude. Right ascension is measured in hours, declination is measured in degrees. You may notice that 24 hours of right ascension corresponds to 360 degrees, or simply that 1 hour of right ascension is 15 degrees.

Chart 1 Celestial North Pole Region

Chart 3 Celestial Equator and

Ecliptic Region

Chart 2 Celestial Equator and

Ecliptic Region

Chart 4 Celestial South

Pole Region

Procedure for using Chart 1: (1) Face North. (2) Find the meridian in the sky and on the Chart 1 using the date and time.

(3) Find the field of view on the Chart 1 and compare the stars seen on the chart with those in the sky.

The meridian in the sky is an imaginary curve that passes through the north horizon, the north star, the point directly overhead (zenith), and the south horizon as shown below. Note that Polaris is not the brightest star in the sky. You can use Dubhe and Merak of Ursa Major as pointer stars to help you find Polaris. The meridian on Chart 1 can be located using the date and time. The dates along outer edge of the Chart 1 represent the location of the meridian. If Chart 1 is oriented so that the date appears a the top, then a line passing through the date and Polaris is the meridian at 8:00pm local time. For every hour after 8:00pm the meridian moves to the clockwise by one hour of right ascension. The field of view on the Chart 1 includes roughly all objects above the north horizon line. The north horizon line is a line perpendicular to the meridian on Chart 1 and intersects the meridian at a point 32° below Polaris. (Replace 32° with your latitude if you are not observing from the SFA Observatory.) Procedure for using Charts 2 and 3: (1) Face South. Place Charts 2 and 3 side by side. (2) Find the meridian in the sky and on Chart 2 or 3 using the date and time.

(3) Find the field of view on the Charts 2 and 3 and compare the stars seen on the chart with those in the sky.

The meridian on Charts 2 and 3 can be located using the date and time. The dates along the top axis of these charts represent the location of the meridian (a vertical line) at 8:00pm local time. For every hour after 8:00pm the meridian moves to the left by one hour of right ascension. The field of view on these charts includes roughly all objects between a vertical line 6 hours of right ascension to the west (right) of the meridian and a vertical line 6 hours of right ascension to the east (left) of the meridian. These two vertical lines roughly represent the west and east horizon respectively. The “sine” curve seen when these two charts are placed side by side is known as the ecliptic and represents the apparent path of the Sun. The dates along the ecliptic give the location of the Sun on the celestial sphere for the date of interest.

Dan Bruton, SFA Observatory, http://www.physics.sfasu.edu/astro/SFAStarCharts.html

N S

Zenith

Polaris, the North Star

Meridian