** 4 Questions 200 Words Each and a Venn Diagram requires Turnitin***

Six Principles of Andragogy

Intrinsic motivation to learn

The learning that has the most meaning for adults is that which has personal value.

Readiness to learn

Teaching and learning efforts are most effective with adults who are prepared by life or work challenges to engage in new learning (i.e., learning that helps them solve problems or issues they recognize in their lives/work).

Prior experience

Current and past experience is seen as a rich resource for learning by self and others

Orientation to learning

Adults prefer problem-solving approach, not a subject-centered approach to learning and learn best when new learning is couched in real-life context.

Self-directed learning

Adults learn best when they have the opportunity to control or have input into the goals and purposes of a learning experience and have some personal autonomy in making decisions in how teaching and learning occurs. 

Need to know

Adults need advance information about training or learning experiences in order to evaluate its relevance.  This could also include some advance involvement in designing and planning training.

Learning Process Design Elements

Preparing the learner

Before the learning experience supply learners with advance information about the content and style of the learning experience, prepare them for participation, and assist in the development develop realistic expectations.

Climate setting

Establish a trusting, mutually respectful, informal, collaborative, and supportive learning climate.

Mutual planning

Implement a collaborative approach to the planning of the learning experience by engaging learners in planning their learning experience.

Diagnosis of learning needs

Learning needs are diagnosed through a process of mutual assessment.

Set learning objectives

Learning objectives are defined through a process of mutual negotiation between the instructor and the adult learners.

Design of learning plans

Learning plans are most effective when oriented around learning contracts, projects and sequenced by readiness.

Learning activities

The most effective activities include inquiry projects, independent study, and the use of experiential techniques.

Evaluation of learning

Learning evaluation is most effective when done through the collection of learner collected evidence that is criterion-referenced and validated by peers or experts.