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chapter_15.pptxTheory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality: Madeleine Leininger
Chapter 15
Overview of Madeleine Leininger’s Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory
Transcultural nursing is a substantive area of study and practice focused on comparative cultural care values, beliefs, and practices of individuals or groups of similar or different cultures with the goal of providing culture-specific and universal nursing care practices in promoting health or well-being
Overview of Madeleine Leininger’s Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory
Three modalities guide nursing judgments, decisions, and actions so that the nurse can provide culturally congruent care that is beneficial, satisfying, and meaningful to the persons the nurse serves:
cultural care preservation and/or maintenance
cultural care accommodation and/or negotiation
cultural care repatterning or restructuring
Major Concepts of Nursing According to Leininger
Person: human being, family, group, community, or institution
Environment (environmental context): totality of an event, situation, or experience that gives meaning to human expressions, interpretations, and social interactions in physical, ecological, sociopolitical, and/or cultural settings
Major Concepts of Nursing According to Leininger
Health: state of well-being that is culturally defined, valued, and practiced
Nursing: activities directed toward assisting, supporting, or enabling with needs in ways that are congruent with the cultural values, beliefs, and lifeways of the recipient of care
Assumptions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Care is the essence of nursing and a distinct, dominant, central, and unifying focus
Culturally based care (caring) is essential for well-being, health, growth, survival, and to face handicaps or death
Culturally based care is most holistic means to know, explain, interpret, and predict nursing care phenomena and guide decisions and actions
Assumptions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Transcultural nursing is a humanistic and scientific care discipline with the central purpose of serving individuals, groups, communities, societies, and institutions
Culturally based caring is essential to curing and healing: There can be no curing without caring, but caring can exist without curing
Assumptions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Concepts, meanings, expressions, patterns, processes, and structural forms of care vary transculturally with diversities and universalities
Every human culture has generic care knowledge and practices and professional care knowledge and practices, which vary transculturally and individually
Assumptions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Culture care values, beliefs, and practices are influenced by and tend to be embedded in the worldview, language, philosophy, religion, kinship, social, political, legal, educational, economic, technological, ethnohistorical, and environmental context of cultures
Assumptions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Beneficial, healthy, and satisfying culturally based care influences health and well-being of individuals, families, groups, and communities within their environmental contexts
Culturally congruent and beneficial nursing care can occur only when care values, expressions, or patterns are known and used for appropriate, safe, and meaningful care
Assumptions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Culture care differences and similarities exist between professional and client-generic care in cultures worldwide
Ethnonursing qualitative research method provides important means to accurately discover and interpret emic and etic embedded, complex, and diverse culture care data
Assumptions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Cultural conflicts, cultural imposition practices, cultural stresses, and cultural pain reflect lack of the culture care knowledge that is needed to provide culturally congruent, responsible, safe, and sensitive care
Propositions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Culture care expressions, meanings, patterns, and practices are diverse, yet have shared commonalities and universal attributes
Generic emic (folk) and professional etic care in different environmental context can greatly influence health and illness outcomes
Propositions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
The worldview consists of multiple social structure factors, such as religion, economics, cultural values, ethnohistory, environmental context, language, and generic and professional care, that are critical influencers of cultural care patterns to predict health, well-being, illness, healing, and ways people face disabilities and death
Propositions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Three major action and decision modes provide ways to give culturally congruent, safe, and meaningful health care to cultures: culture care preservation or maintenance, culture care accommodation or negotiation, and culture care repatterning or restructuring
Decision and action modes based on culture care are predicted as key factors to arrive at congruent, safe, and meaningful care
Brief Critique of Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Broad but has specific applicability to individuals and groups when the goal is providing nursing care that is culturally appropriate
Qualitatively oriented and therefore is not generalizable; nevertheless, it is amenable to research within qualitative parameters
Concepts well organized and defined for study in specific cultures
Leininger’s Theory as a Framework for Nursing Practice
Assessment: nurse uses participation, observation, and interviews within the culture to discover worldview of member of the culture as well as patient’s cultural and social dimensions, which requires consideration of cultural values, lifeways, influence of language, ethnohistory, and environmental context and nurse analyzes information that’s been gathered to discover patterns and themes
Leininger’s Theory as a Framework for Nursing Practice
Planning & implementation: plan of care is based on the data gathered and presents the plan to the patient for review and modification; process should result in culture care preservation or maintenance, accommodation or negotiation, and repatterning or restructuring
Evaluation: observes whether the process has resulted in culturally congruent nursing care
