Assignment 5

soan335_spring17_afr_survey_responses.pdf

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My Report AFR Follow-up Survey Summer 2013 June 5th 2017, 8:25 pm PDT

Q1 - About how many times during the last 12 months have you entered the forest in the Ashland Creek watershed, beyond Lithia Park?

# Answer % Count

1 None 22.58% 7

2 1 to 2 times 19.35% 6

3 3 to 5 times 16.13% 5

4 6 to 10 times 16.13% 5

5 10 times or more 25.81% 8

Total 100% 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

About how many times during the last 12 months have you entered the forest in the Ashland Creek watershed, beyond Lithia Park?

1.00 5.00 3.03 1.51 2.29 31 58.06% 58.06%

Q2 - What do you do when you enter the forest in the Ashland Creek watershed above town and beyond Lithia Park?

What do you do when you enter the forest in the Ashland Creek watershed abo...

Hiking

Mostly hike, also bone collecting and mointain biking

I hike. and then I sit quietly.

Take a hike or enjoy some beautiful scenery.

Hiking!

Hike/ walk

Go to the reservoir, hike

Recreation. Hiking.

Walk

Hike

Hike, walk, sit, read

Short day walks

Hiking, Biking

Hiking

Hike

hike

Hiking, sitting, running, meditation, walking with friends, botany

When I enter the forest in the Ashland Creek watershed above town and beyond Lithia Park I normally take scenic walks with friends, hike, go for photography, or just to escape from the stress of school.

Mainly for class field trips, but I also enjoy the scenery, scent, and serenity with which the forest provides to me.

hike

Hike

I actually I was just exploring

Q3 - In general, how would you rate the overall condition of the forests in the Ashland Creek watershed?

# Answer % Count

1 Very Unhealthy 0.00% 0

2 Somewhat Unhealthy 6.45% 2

3 Somewhat Healthy 54.84% 17

4 Very Healthy 29.03% 9

5 Don't Know 9.68% 3

Total 100% 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

In general, how would you rate the overall condition of the forests in the Ashland Creek watershed?

2.00 5.00 3.42 0.75 0.57 31 61.29% 93.55%

Q4 - In your opinion, what are the chances of a large-scale, high severity fire occurring in the Ashland Creek watershed in the next five years?

# Answer % Count

1 Very Unlikely 0.00% 0

2 Somewhat Unlikely 19.35% 6

3 Somewhat Likely 58.06% 18

4 Very Likely 22.58% 7

5 Don't Know 0.00% 0

Total 100% 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

In your opinion, what are the chances of a large-scale, high severity fire occurring in the Ashland Creek watershed in the next five years?

2.00 4.00 3.03 0.65 0.42 31 77.42% 80.65%

Q5 - We're interested in learning more about what you think about wildfires in southwest Oregon forests, generally including the Ashland Creek watershed. Please respond to each statement to the best of your ability by indicating whether you believe it is generally false, generally true, or that you are not sure.

# Question Generally

False Generally True Not Sure Total

1 Years of fire suppression has increased the risk

of severe wildfire in our region's forest. 3.23% 1 93.55% 29 3.23% 1 31

2 Fires play an important role in controlling

insect and disease outbreaks in forests. 0.00% 0 96.77% 30 3.23% 1 31

3 Fires are not important for maintaining wildlife

habitat. 90.32% 28 6.45% 2 3.23% 1 31

4 Some trees, like ponderosa pine, grow better in

open, sunny areas than shaded ones. 0.00% 0 61.29% 19 38.71% 12 31

5 Many plants require occasional fires so that

new seeds or seedlings can sprout. 3.23% 1 96.77% 30 0.00% 0 31

6 Fires in one year are not influenced by fires in

previous years. 74.19% 23 6.45% 2 19.35% 6 31

7 Prior to European settlement, forests were

generally more open than they are today. 16.13% 5 61.29% 19 22.58% 7 31

8 Climate change has directly affected the

frequency and severity of forest fires. 3.23% 1 83.87% 26 12.90% 4 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

Years of fire suppression has increased the risk of severe wildfire in our region's forest.

1.00 3.00 2.00 0.25 0.06 31 100.00% 100.00%

Fires play an important role in controlling insect and disease outbreaks in forests.

2.00 3.00 2.03 0.18 0.03 31 100.00% 100.00%

Fires are not important for maintaining wildlife habitat.

1.00 3.00 1.13 0.42 0.18 31 100.00% 100.00%

Some trees, like ponderosa pine,

2.00 3.00 2.39 0.49 0.24 31 100.00% 100.00%

grow better in open, sunny areas than shaded ones. Many plants require occasional fires so that new seeds or seedlings can sprout.

1.00 2.00 1.97 0.18 0.03 31 100.00% 100.00%

Fires in one year are not influenced by fires in previous years.

1.00 3.00 1.45 0.80 0.63 31 100.00% 100.00%

Prior to European settlement, forests were generally more open than they are today.

1.00 3.00 2.06 0.62 0.38 31 100.00% 100.00%

Climate change has directly affected the frequency and severity of forest fires.

1.00 3.00 2.10 0.39 0.15 31 100.00% 100.00%

Q6 - We would like to know your opinion about the broad goals of forest restoration on National Forest land in southwest Oregon. Please tell us your level of agreement with the following statements.

# Question

Strong ly

Disagr ee

Disagree Neither

Agree nor Disagree

Agree Strongly

Agree Total

Restoration efforts should

return forests to conditions more like those before

European settlement.

3.23% 1 25.81% 8 12.90% 4 35.48% 11 22.58% 7 31

The main purpose of forest

restoration should be to promote

well-functioning ecosystems.

3.23% 1 0.00% 0 3.23% 1 35.48% 11 58.06% 18 31

Forest restoration should alter fire

behavior by reducing the fuel

that has accumulated in

the forest as a result of fire

suppression and past

management.

3.23% 1 6.45% 2 9.68% 3 32.26% 10 48.39% 15 31

We should allow forests to evolve

without any more human

intervention.

12.90 %

4 64.52% 20 19.35% 6 3.23% 1 0.00% 0 31

Forest restoration should remove enough trees,

large and small, in a particular stand

if scientific evidence suggests

that is what the landscape used to

look like.

6.45% 2 19.35% 6 35.48% 11 35.48% 11 3.23% 1 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

Restoration efforts should return forests to conditions more like those before European settlement.

1.00 5.00 3.48 1.19 1.41 31 41.94% 70.97%

The main purpose of forest restoration should be to promote well- functioning ecosystems.

1.00 5.00 4.45 0.84 0.70 31 6.45% 96.77%

Forest restoration should alter fire behavior by reducing the fuel that has accumulated in the forest as a result of fire suppression and past management.

1.00 5.00 4.16 1.05 1.10 31 19.35% 90.32%

We should allow forests to evolve without any more human intervention.

1.00 4.00 2.13 0.66 0.43 31 96.77% 22.58%

Forest restoration should remove enough trees, large and small, in a particular stand if scientific evidence suggests that is what the landscape used to look like.

1.00 5.00 3.10 0.96 0.93 31 61.29% 74.19%

Q7 - Continued...

# Question

Strong ly

Disagr ee

Disagree Neither

Agree nor Disagree

Agree Strongly

Agree Total

Forest restoration efforts should be

used to help recover native

plant and animal species that are

rare and endangered in

order to maintain biodiversity.

3.23% 1 0.00% 0 6.45% 2 45.16% 14 45.16% 14 31

The main purpose of forest

restoration should be to protect

humans from fire.

6.45% 2 29.03% 9 41.94% 13 22.58% 7 0.00% 0 31

Large trees should never be

removed in forest restoration

efforts.

6.45% 2 32.26% 10 45.16% 14 12.90% 4 3.23% 1 31

Public forest lands in southwest Oregon need

large-scale restoration.

0.00% 0 6.45% 2 32.26% 10 45.16% 14 16.13% 5 31

Restoration efforts should

focus only on the Wildland Urban

Interface (i.e., the forest edge near

town).

22.58 %

7 54.84% 17 16.13% 5 6.45% 2 0.00% 0 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

Forest restoration efforts should be used to help

1.00 5.00 4.29 0.85 0.72 31 9.68% 96.77%

recover native plant and animal species that are rare and endangered in order to maintain biodiversity. The main purpose of forest restoration should be to protect humans from fire.

1.00 4.00 2.81 0.86 0.74 31 77.42% 64.52%

Large trees should never be removed in forest restoration efforts.

1.00 5.00 2.74 0.88 0.77 31 83.87% 61.29%

Public forest lands in southwest Oregon need large-scale restoration.

2.00 5.00 3.71 0.81 0.66 31 38.71% 93.55%

Restoration efforts should focus only on the Wildland Urban Interface (i.e., the forest edge near town).

1.00 4.00 2.06 0.80 0.64 31 93.55% 22.58%

Q8 - Please identify the statement that best represents your opinion about mechanical vegetation removal, thinning, and controlled burning.

# Question

an unnec essary practi

a practice that should

not be considered because it

creates too many

negative impacts

something that should

be done only

infrequentl y, in

carefully selected

areas

a legitimate

tool that resource

managers should be

able to use

whenever they see

fit

I know too little

to make a judgment about this

topic

Total

1 Mechanical

vegetation removal is...

6.45% 2 3.23% 1 35.48% 11 48.39% 15 6.45% 2 31

2 Thinning is... 3.23% 1 0.00% 0 32.26% 10 61.29% 19 3.23% 1 31

3 Controlled burning

is... 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 32.26% 10 67.74% 21 0.00% 0 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

Mechanical vegetation removal is...

1.00 5.00 3.45 0.91 0.83 31 45.16% 90.32%

Thinning is... 1.00 5.00 3.61 0.70 0.50 31 35.48% 96.77%

Controlled burning is...

3.00 4.00 3.68 0.47 0.22 31 32.26% 100.00%

Q9 - Since completing the initial survey in Spring 2012, have you heard or read more about the Ashland Forest Resiliency Stewardship Project (AFR)?

# Answer % Count

1 No, I have heard nothing else about it. 12.90% 4

2 Yes, I have heard more about it but I don't know what it involves. 6.45% 2

3 Yes, I have heard more about it and I know a little about the project goals. 58.06% 18

4 Yes, I have heard more about it and I know a lot about the project goals. 22.58% 7

Total 100% 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

Since completing the initial survey in Spring 2012, have you heard or read more about the Ashland Forest Resiliency Stewardship Project (AFR)?

1.00 4.00 2.90 0.89 0.80 31 77.42% 87.10%

Q10 - If you have heard more about AFR, where did you hear about it? (Check all that apply.)

# Answer % Count

1 I attended a public tour about AFR at the Ashland Creek watershed. 0.00% 0

2 I attended a public lecture or meeting that discussed AFR. 48.15% 13

3 I read about AFR on the AFR website. 33.33% 9

4 I read AFR newsletters circulated via email. 3.70% 1

12 I heard about AFR from US Forest Service employees or media. 11.11% 3

10 I heard about AFR from City of Ashland employees or media. 0.00% 0

11 I heard about AFR from The Nature Conservancy employees or media. 33.33% 9

13 I heard about AFR from Lomakatsi Restoration Project employees or media. 3.70% 1

5 I read about AFR in the local newspaper. 3.70% 1

6 I heard about AFR on the television. 3.70% 1

7 I heard about AFR from friends or neighbors. 18.52% 5

8 I heard about AFR from kids in school programs. 22.22% 6

9 Other 44.44% 12

Total 100% 27

Other

in SOU classes

School

People and Forests Class at SOU

For a school project

SOU Class

SOU Class instruction

SOU class

People and Forests Class at Sou

School

In class settings at SOU

school

Q11 - We'd like to know your opinion about the Ashland Forest Resiliency Stewardship Project as described in the paragraph above. Do you approve or disapprove of AFR's goals?

# Answer % Count

6 Strongly Disapprove 0.00% 0

7 Disapprove 0.00% 0

8 Neither Approve nor Disapprove 6.45% 2

9 Approve 51.61% 16

10 Strongly Approve 41.94% 13

Total 100% 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

We'd like to know your opinion about the Ashland Forest Resiliency Stewardship Project as described in the paragraph above. Do you approve or disapprove of AFR's goals?

8.00 10.00 9.35 0.60 0.36 31 6.45% 100.00%

Q12 - Please indicate your level of trust in the following groups to make good decisions about fuel reduction and forest restoration in the Ashland Creek watershed. If you have no basis for judgment, please mark "no opinion".

# Question No

Trust Some Trust Full Trust No Opinion Total

1 U.S. Forest Service 3.23% 1 61.29% 19 32.26% 10 3.23% 1 31

2 City of Ashland 3.23% 1 80.65% 25 12.90% 4 3.23% 1 31

3 The Nature Conservancy 0.00% 0 38.71% 12 48.39% 15 12.90% 4 31

4 Lomakatsi Restoration Project 0.00% 0 32.26% 10 16.13% 5 51.61% 16 31

9 Ashland Fire and Rescue 6.45% 2 35.48% 11 48.39% 15 9.68% 3 31

5 Southern Oregon Timber Industry

Association 16.13% 5 48.39% 15 12.90% 4 22.58% 7 31

6 Klamath-Siskiyou Wildlands Center 0.00% 0 32.26% 10 45.16% 14 22.58% 7 31

7 Southern Oregon Forest

Restoration Collaborative 0.00% 0 29.03% 9 41.94% 13 29.03% 9 31

8 Geos Institute 0.00% 0 32.26% 10 19.35% 6 48.39% 15 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

U.S. Forest Service

1.00 4.00 2.35 0.60 0.36 31 96.77% 96.77%

City of Ashland 1.00 4.00 2.16 0.51 0.26 31 96.77% 96.77%

The Nature Conservancy

2.00 4.00 2.74 0.67 0.45 31 87.10% 100.00%

Lomakatsi Restoration Project

2.00 4.00 3.19 0.90 0.80 31 48.39% 100.00%

Ashland Fire and Rescue

1.00 4.00 2.61 0.75 0.56 31 90.32% 93.55%

Southern Oregon Timber Industry Association

1.00 4.00 2.42 1.01 1.02 31 77.42% 83.87%

Klamath-Siskiyou Wildlands Center

2.00 4.00 2.90 0.73 0.54 31 77.42% 100.00%

Southern Oregon Forest Restoration Collaborative

2.00 4.00 3.00 0.76 0.58 31 70.97% 100.00%

Geos Institute 2.00 4.00 3.16 0.88 0.78 31 51.61% 100.00%

Q14 - Slide the bars to indicate the percent of all the forest landscape in the AFR project that should be maintained in each condition. (All four conditions combined cannot total more than 100 percent.)

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count undefined undefined

Condition 1 0.00 40.00 21.13 9.26 85.79 31 undefined undefined

Condition 2 1.00 70.00 34.52 18.43 339.73 31 undefined undefined

Condition 3 0.00 58.00 13.03 12.11 146.55 31 undefined undefined

Condition 4 1.00 60.00 22.29 13.20 174.21 31 undefined undefined

Q15 - Considering Condition 1, what if any forest treatments would you encourage managers to do to achieve a balance among management goals in the Ashland Forest Resiliency Project?

Considering Condition 1, what if any forest treatments would you encourage...

Thinning

Thinning/controlled burn

removal of small trees, underburning

No idea.

Work on preventing forest fires Make sure the wildlife and endanger species

Eliminating any brush that may be flammable.

thinning to create more sunlight on the ground.

Controlled burn and removal of brush

Thinning, less canopy cover

Thinning.

looks good

Remove some of the fuel - lower branches, and some of the young trees

Thinning

Clear ground cover

controlled burn to remove fuel for fire.

Remove some dead ground matter

Mechanical vegetation removal, prescribed burning.

Thin and remove ladder fuels

The only problem I see with this section of forest is the amount of fire fuels and brush. There should be an effort to remove some but not all of the shrubs. However, there appears to be a couple of canopy layers and a couple of trees that are mature. Old-growth appears not to be present so protecting the mature trees should be the priority in this region.

Prescribed fire, vegetation removal.

Thin some of the understory trees and shrubs, as well as the smaller firs to give the Ponderosa more space and light...

Thinning

This picture is nice, there are lots of large trees. I wouldn't do much here, maybe just cut down a few of the very thin trees with lots of thin branches.

pick up the fallen trees

Removing of dead materials on ground floor

Thining

Q16 - Considering Condition 2, what if any forest treatments would you encourage managers to do to achieve a balance among management goals in the Ashland Forest Resiliency Project?

Considering Condition 2, what if any forest treatments would you encourage...

Control burns

None

none. maybe remove that small tree.

No idea

Work on preventing forest fires Make sure the wildlife and endanger species

This looks ok.

if anything just a controlled burn.

Not much treatment here.

Allow more diverse groundcover

perfect i love it

None

Looks good

None

In the front of the picture, there has a lot loss potential for fire danger due to the lack of build up of small brush and trees. However, this view isn't sufficient enough to determine if trees should be planted or not. I notice there is sun reaching the ground which makes me believe that it is too bare. I like the biodiversity that is present and the presence of potential old-growth.

none

No treatments seem to be necessary, except periodic fire as the landscape grows to maintain the open forest floor.

Controlled burns

This is beautiful as well as healthy. The occasional thin tree is fine if it's not too close to other larger trees, and there isn't much canopy, which I know is healthy for this area.

nothing

None

Q17 - Considering Condition 3, what if any forest treatments would you encourage managers to do to achieve a balance among management goals in the Ashland Forest Resiliency Project?

Considering Condition 3, what if any forest treatments would you encourage...

Thinning

thinning and extraction of of the smaller trees, leaving the pine.

No idea

Work on preventing forest fires Make sure the wildlife and endanger species

clearly this if far too dense, it be trimmed, logged, and burned.

Thinning. The trees look overcrowded.

thinning to allow trees to get water and nutrients. there are too many trees that are fighting over food and water sources.

Thinning

Thinning or mechanical vegetation removal of the smaller trees to allow the (probably older) redwood more nutrients and water

Thinning.

needs some thinning, too many small trees.. needs room for trees to get thick

Remove many of the smaller trees

Thinning

Needs thinning

thinning

Thin small trees

Thinning

Thinning smaller trees

This forest is not necessarily the worst forest I have seen but I spot a couple of problems with this picture. The Amount of trees present is an issue, the lack of old-growth, and the soil is not fertile. If I was in charge of managing this section of forest, my main effort would be to start thinning some of the smaller trees.

Mechanical removal, prescribed fire, thinning

Thinning of many (most) of the small and dense trees, maintaining the larger ponderosa trees and other larger trees.

thinning

Lots of thinning needs to take place, there are way too many thin trees in such a close proximity to be safe or healthy.

thin the forest

thinning

Restoration

Q18 - Considering Condition 4, what if any forest treatments would you encourage managers to do to achieve a balance among management goals in the Ashland Forest Resiliency Project?

Considering Condition 4, what if any forest treatments would you encourage...

N/A/

Vegetation removal

none.

All treatments.

Work on preventing forest fires Make sure the wildlife and endanger species

Thinning and eliminating and brush or small trees that may be flammable.

clearing out the brush on the ground level and mabye some thinning.

Removal of brush, prescribed burn and thinning.

Thin ground cover

manage the shrubbery so its not too crowded

Remove the brush and lower limbs

None

Clear dome of the ground cover

thinning

Minimal ground clearing

Mechanical vegetation removal.

controlled burn

This forest is really what we should be shooting for in the forest service. It looks natural, biodiversity is present, and the canopy layers seems to be sufficient. If I was to mange this section, I may consider a controlled burn to promote fire resiliency.

mechanical vegetation removal

Selective thinning of some of the smaller trees in the stand, while maintaining the seeming complexity of the forest. Maybe some small controlled burning periodically.

clean up brush and shrubs to reduce fire

This scenery is also very pretty, but there is a lot of ground vegetation. I would remove some of that and a few of the very thin trees and it would look great.

remove some vegetation

clearing dead debris on ground

Fire suppression, and thinning

Q19 - The next three photos show AFR treated forests. Trees have been thinned out, brush has been cut, and slash piles will be burned when weather conditions allow safe burning and minimal smoke impacts. Please indicate below each photo whether you are satisfied or dissatisfied with the work being done in the picture.

# Answer % Count

1 Very Dissatisfied 3.23% 1

2 Dissatisfied 12.90% 4

3 Neutral 12.90% 4

4 Satisfied 58.06% 18

5 Very Satisfied 12.90% 4

Total 100% 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

The next three photos show AFR treated forests. Trees have been thinned out, brush has been cut, and slash piles will be burned when weather conditions allow safe burning and minimal smoke impacts. Please indicate below each photo whether you are satisfied or dissatisfied with the work being done in the picture.

1.00 5.00 3.65 0.97 0.94 31 29.03% 83.87%

Q20 - Q20

# Answer % Count

1 Very Dissatisfied 3.23% 1

2 Dissatisfied 6.45% 2

3 Neutral 29.03% 9

4 Satisfied 54.84% 17

5 Very Satisfied 6.45% 2

Total 100% 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

Q20 1.00 5.00 3.55 0.84 0.70 31 38.71% 90.32%

Q21 - Q21

# Answer % Count

1 Very Dissatisfied 3.23% 1

2 Dissatisfied 12.90% 4

3 Neutral 19.35% 6

4 Satisfied 58.06% 18

5 Very Satisfied 6.45% 2

Total 100% 31

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

Q21 1.00 5.00 3.52 0.91 0.83 31 35.48% 83.87%

Q22 - Displayed below are paired pre- and post-treatment photos of the same forest locations (or stands) in the AFR project. The top photo in each pair was taken prior to treatment, and the other was taken after cutting and piling. Based on this photo comparison, please indicate on the sliding scale below whether you think the AFR project managers should have removed more or fewer trees in treatments to reduce the risk of a mega-fire in the watershed.

Pre-treatment forest 1 Post-treatment forest 1

Zero on the scale below means you like the cut; mangers shouldn't remove more or fewer trees. A -3 score means you think managers should have cut fewer trees on this site. A +3 score means you think managers should have cut more trees on this site.

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count undefined undefined

To reduce the risk of a mega-fire in the watershed, we should....

-2.00 2.00 0.04 0.89 0.79 24 undefined undefined

Q23 - Pre-treatment forest 2

Post-treatment forest 2

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count undefined undefined

To reduce the risk of a mega-fire in the watershed, we should...

-1.00 2.00 0.48 0.85 0.73 25 undefined undefined

Q24 - Pre-treatment forest 3

Post-treatment forest 3

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count undefined undefined

To reduce the risk of a mega-fire in the watershed, we should...

-1.00 2.00 0.05 0.79 0.62 21 undefined undefined

Q25 - In the space below, please provide any comments you have regarding the work being done in the Ashland Forest Resiliency Project, as represented in the three photos above.

In the space below, please provide any comments you have regarding the work...

I would like to know growth rates of remaining trees compared to when they were more crowded. I would also like to see picture of the stand from 1-5 years after the thinning. I would like to see studies on biodiversity. I would like to know how the removed trees were used after they were cut.

These people know way more than myself. I have no professional opinion.

trimming and cutting of trees looks good, but needs more intense and regular burns

I honestly have no idea and would like more information on the biodiversity and animal species that reside in those areas what the impacts do for them whether it's better or worse.

In the second photo, the two trees growing into each other should have been cut

Looks good. Good work.

All cuts look good

I do not have the knowledge base to make a comment, but it looks good to me

The main thing I notice is the amount of sunlight that is reaching the bottom of the forest floor. Shade, in my opinion, is a crucial factor to consider when undergoing thinning practices. I have heard Kerry Metlen of the Nature Conservancy speak multiple times, as well as visit the upper Ashland watershed area (normally gated) for class field trips and to see firsthand what is being done, and I enjoy everyone I've spoken to and the work taking place. Everyone I spoke to knows a lot about forest ecology and what the natural historical range should look like. I fully trust the Nature Conservancy to carry out this project with the best results possible.

Q26 - Having viewed post treatment photos, pre-post pairs, and including everything you know about AFR, please indicate whether you agree or disagree that

# Question Strongly Disagree

Disagree Neither Agree

nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Total

1 ...completing AFR should be a high

priority. 0.0% 0.0% 10.3% 65.5% 24.1% 29

2 ...maintaing the forests treated by

AFR should be a high priority. 0.0% 0.0% 3.6% 57.1% 39.3% 28

Field Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation Variance Count Bottom 3 Box Top 3 Box

...completing AFR should be a high priority.

3.00 5.00 4.14 0.57 0.33 29 10.34% 100.00%

...maintaing the forests treated by AFR should be a high priority.

3.00 5.00 4.36 0.55 0.30 28 3.57% 100.00%