psychology homework
tim050607
stress.pptxStress Disorders
Chapter 6
Stress Disorders
Stressor
Stress Disorders
Stress Disorders
Stressor
Stress response
Stress Disorders
Stressor
Stress response
Physical, emotional, cognitive
Stress Disorders
Stressor
Stress response
Physical, emotional, cognitive
Stress disorders, physical stress disorders
Stress Disorders
Stressor
Stress response
Physical, emotional, cognitive
Stress disorders, physical stress disorders
Fight or flight reaction pathways
Stress Disorders
Stressor
Stress response
Physical, emotional, cognitive
Stress disorders, physical stress disorders
Fight or flight reaction pathways
Sympathetic nervous system: epinephrine, norepinephrine
Stress Disorders
Stressor
Stress response
Physical, emotional, cognitive
Stress disorders, physical stress disorders
Fight or flight reaction pathways
Sympathetic nervous system: epinephrine, norepinephrine
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal: ACTH, cortisol
Stress Disorders
Stressor
Stress response
Physical, emotional, cognitive
Stress disorders, physical stress disorders
Fight or flight reaction pathways
Sympathetic nervous system: epinephrine, norepinephrine
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal: ACTH, cortisol
Trait vs. state anxiety
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Triggers: combat, disasters, victimization, terrorism
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Triggers: combat, disasters, victimization, terrorism
Etiology
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Triggers: combat, disasters, victimization, terrorism
Etiology
Biological view: traumatic events trigger brain changes in hippocampus and amygdala; release of cortisol and norepinephrine; inherited strong reaction to stress
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Triggers: combat, disasters, victimization, terrorism
Etiology
Biological view: traumatic events trigger brain changes in hippocampus and amygdala; release of cortisol and norepinephrine; inherited strong reaction to stress
Cognitive view: those with high trait anxiety, external locus of control are more at risk for PTSD
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Triggers: combat, disasters, victimization, terrorism
Etiology
Biological view: traumatic events trigger brain changes in hippocampus and amygdala; release of cortisol and norepinephrine; inherited strong reaction to stress
Cognitive view: those with high trait anxiety, external locus of control are more at risk for PTSD
Sociocultural view: poverty, previous trauma, psychological disorders, early childhood divorce, poor social support are all risk factors for PTSD; Latino/a heritage show higher rates of PTSD
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Biological: antianxiety or antidepressant medication
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Biological: antianxiety or antidepressant medication
Behavioral: exposure combined with relaxation
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Biological: antianxiety or antidepressant medication
Behavioral: exposure combined with relaxation
Virtual reality: http :// www.youtube.com/watch?v=4F4i6vEZ-H4
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Biological: antianxiety or antidepressant medication
Behavioral: exposure combined with relaxation
Virtual reality
Coping skills
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Biological: antianxiety or antidepressant medication
Behavioral: exposure combined with relaxation
Virtual reality
Coping skills
EMDR – eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Biological: antianxiety or antidepressant medication
Behavioral: exposure combined with relaxation
Virtual reality
Coping skills
EMDR – eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
Cognitive: insight therapy (reinterpret experience and view of self)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Biological: antianxiety or antidepressant medication
Behavioral: exposure combined with relaxation
Virtual reality
Coping skills
EMDR – eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
Cognitive: insight therapy (reinterpret experience and view of self)
Critical incident stress debriefing
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Treatment
Biological: antianxiety or antidepressant medication
Behavioral: exposure combined with relaxation
Virtual reality
Coping skills
EMDR – eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
Cognitive: insight therapy (reinterpret experience and view of self)
Critical incident stress debriefing
Sociocultural: family therapy, group therapy
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia – can’t remember identity or personal information
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia – can’t remember identity or personal information
Dissociative Fugue – amnesia but also leave for a new location, possibly new identity
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia – can’t remember identity or personal information
Dissociative Fugue – amnesia but also leave for a new location, possibly new identity
Dissociative Identity Disorder – two or more separate identities which may not be aware of the others
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia – can’t remember identity or personal information
Dissociative Fugue – amnesia but also leave for a new location, possibly new identity
Dissociative Identity Disorder – two or more separate identities which may not be aware of the others
Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder – feeling of unreality or being outside of body
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia – can’t remember identity or personal information
Dissociative Fugue – amnesia but also leave for a new location, possibly new identity
Dissociative Identity Disorder – two or more separate identities which may not be aware of the others
Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder – feeling of unreality or being outside of body
Etiology? Repression; reinforcement for escape; state-dependent learning; self-hypnosis
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia – can’t remember identity or personal information
Dissociative Fugue – amnesia but also leave for a new location, possibly new identity
Dissociative Identity Disorder – two or more separate identities which may not be aware of the others
Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder – feeling of unreality or being outside of body
Etiology? Repression; reinforcement for escape; state-dependent learning; self-hypnosis
Treatment? Integration of identities
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Psychophysiological disorders, or physical stress disorders
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Examples: ulcers, asthma, insomnia, tension headaches, migraine headaches, hypertension, heart disease
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Examples: ulcers, asthma, insomnia, tension headaches, migraine headaches, hypertension, heart disease
Etiology
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Examples: ulcers, asthma, insomnia, tension headaches, migraine headaches, hypertension, heart disease
Etiology: too many stressors; overreaction to stress; poor coping
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Examples: ulcers, asthma, insomnia, tension headaches, migraine headaches, hypertension, heart disease
Etiology: too many stressors; overreaction to stress; poor coping
Treatment: reduce stressors; build relaxation and other coping skills
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Conclusions
Conclusions
Stress, environment, and the brain are all interrelated
Conclusions
Stress, environment, and the brain are all interrelated
Combination of treatments often most effective
Conclusions
Stress, environment, and the brain are all interrelated
Combination of treatments often most effective
Need to focus on prevention – building resilience
Quiz
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
http :// www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/index.shtml
