psychology homework
tim050607
anxiety.pptxAnxiety Disorders
Chapter 5
Anxiety Disorders
Fear vs. anxiety
Anxiety Disorders
Fear vs. anxiety
Is anxiety useful? Fun??
Anxiety Disorders
Fear vs. anxiety
Is anxiety useful? Fun??
Anxiety disorder: too severe, too frequent, lasts too long, or too easily triggered
Anxiety Disorders
Fear vs. anxiety
Is anxiety useful? Fun??
Anxiety disorder: too severe, too frequent, lasts too long, or too easily triggered
Most common mental disorder: 18% prevalence, 29% lifetime prevalence. Only ~20% seek help
Anxiety Disorders
Fear vs. anxiety
Is anxiety useful? Fun??
Anxiety disorder: too severe, too frequent, lasts too long, or too easily triggered
Most common mental disorder: 18% incidence, 29% lifetime prevalence. Only ~20% seek help
Significant comorbidity: other anxiety disorders, depression
Anxiety Disorders
Fear vs. anxiety
Is anxiety useful? Fun??
Anxiety disorder: too severe, too frequent, lasts too long, or too easily triggered
Most common mental disorder: 18% incidence, 29% lifetime prevalence. Only ~20% seek help
Significant comorbidity: other anxiety disorders, depression
Most anxiety disorders more common in women than men
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
PsychPortal video
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Etiology and treatments
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Etiology and treatments
Sociocultural view: threatening environment. Treatment: Remove?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Etiology and treatments
Sociocultural view: threatening environment. Treatment: Remove?
Psychodynamic view: prevented from or punished for expressing id impulses, and/or weak defense mechanisms. Treatment: Become more comfortable with and/or control id impulses
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Etiology and treatments
Sociocultural view: threatening environment. Treatment: Remove?
Psychodynamic view: prevented from or punished for expressing id impulses, and/or weak defense mechanisms. Treatment: Become more comfortable with and/or control id impulses
Humanistic view: did not receive unconditional positive regard. Treatment: Offer acceptance
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Etiology and treatments
Sociocultural view: threatening environment. Treatment: Remove?
Psychodynamic view: prevented from or punished for expressing id impulses, and/or weak defense mechanisms. Treatment: Become more comfortable with and/or control id impulses
Humanistic view: did not receive unconditional positive regard. Treatment: Offer acceptance
Cognitive view: irrational assumptions. Treatment: challenge assumptions and increase rational thinking
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Etiology and treatments
Sociocultural view: threatening environment. Treatment: Remove?
Psychodynamic view: prevented from or punished for expressing id impulses, and/or weak defense mechanisms. Treatment: Become more comfortable with and/or control id impulses
Humanistic view: did not receive unconditional positive regard. Treatment: Offer acceptance
Cognitive view: irrational assumptions. Treatment: challenge assumptions and increase rational thinking
Biological view: not enough GABA messages sent, and/or anxiety circuit in brain. Treatment: sedative drugs, relaxation training, biofeedback
Phobias
Phobias
Phobias
Specific phobia – etiology and treatment
Behavioral view: fears are learned through conditioning or modeling and maintained through avoidance
Phobias
Specific phobia – etiology and treatment
Behavioral view: fears are learned through conditioning or modeling and maintained through avoidance. Treatment: Exposure, through systematic desensitization or flooding
Phobias
Specific phobia – etiology and treatment
Behavioral view: fears are learned through conditioning or modeling and maintained through avoidance. Treatment: Exposure, through systematic desensitization or flooding
Agoraphobia
Agoraphobia
Phobias
Phobias
Social Anxiety Disorder – etiology and treatment
Cognitive view: unrealistic expectations, negative view of self, anticipate the worst, avoid situations
Phobias
Social Anxiety Disorder – etiology and treatment
Cognitive view: unrealistic expectations, negative view of self, anticipate the worst, avoid situations.
Treatment:
Biological: medications
Behavioral: exposure, social skills training
Cognitive: challenge unrealistic thoughts
Panic Disorder
Panic Disorder
Panic Disorder
Etiology and treatment
Panic Disorder
Etiology and treatment
Biological view: inherited problems with brain function (excess norepinephrine) or structure (overreactive amygdala).
Panic Disorder
Etiology and treatment
Biological view: inherited problems with brain function (excess norepinephrine) or structure (overreactive amygdala). Treatment: Antianxiety or antidepressant medications
Panic Disorder
Etiology and treatment
Biological view: inherited problems with brain function (excess norepinephrine) or structure (overreactive amygdala). Treatment: Antianxiety or antidepressant medications
Cognitive view: misinterpretation of physical events.
Panic Disorder
Etiology and treatment
Biological view: inherited problems with brain function (excess norepinephrine) or structure (overreactive amygdala). Treatment: Antianxiety or antidepressant medications
Cognitive view: misinterpretation of physical events. Treatment: Educate about body, teach accurate interpretations, teach relaxation
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Etiology and treatment
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Etiology and treatment
Psychodynamic view: obsessions are the id’s impulses, and compulsions are the ego’s defense mechanisms. Treatment: Uncover and resolve early childhood fears and conflicts
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Etiology and treatment
Psychodynamic view: obsessions are the id’s impulses, and compulsions are the ego’s defense mechanisms. Treatment: Uncover and resolve early childhood fears and conflicts
Behavioral view: certain behaviors just happen and then get reinforced and repeated. Treatment: Exposure and response prevention (ERP)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Etiology and treatment
Psychodynamic view: obsessions are the id’s impulses, and compulsions are the ego’s defense mechanisms. Treatment: Uncover and resolve early childhood fears and conflicts
Behavioral view: certain behaviors just happen and then get reinforced and repeated. Treatment: Exposure and response prevention (ERP)
Cognitive view: tendency to want to neutralize thoughts; tendencies for perfection and control. Treatment: Challenge distorted/unrealistic thinking
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Etiology and treatment
Psychodynamic view: obsessions are the id’s impulses, and compulsions are the ego’s defense mechanisms. Treatment: Uncover and resolve early childhood fears and conflicts
Behavioral view: certain behaviors just happen and then get reinforced and repeated. Treatment: Exposure and response prevention (ERP)
Cognitive view: tendency to want to neutralize thoughts; tendencies for perfection and control. Treatment: Challenge distorted/unrealistic thinking
Biological view: low serotonin (and others); overactive anxiety brain circuit. Treatment: antidepressant medications
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Other disorders in this category:
Body Dysmorphic disorder
Hoarding Disorder
Hair-Pulling Disorder (trichotillomania)
Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder
Conclusions
Anxiety disorders are best understood through a diathesis-stress model – some biological vulnerability or predisposition combined with psychological or social factors
Conclusions
Anxiety disorders are best understood through a diathesis-stress model – some biological vulnerability or predisposition combined with psychological or social factors
Accordingly, a combination of treatments may work best
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