analysis

profileengsal20
ea_505_assignment.xlsx

Financial Trend Analysis

Year 5 Year 4 Year 3 Year 2 Year 1 Year 5-4 Year 4-3 Year 3-2 Year 2-1 Year 5 Year 4 Year 3 Year 2 Year 1
BALANCE SHEET Percent Change Common Size Balance Sheet (Total Assets)
Assets In million In million In million In million In million
Cash in Bank on Hand $ 1,084 $ 1,044 $ 806 $ 511 $ 306 3.83% 29.53% 57.73% 66.99% 28.11% 28.07% 27.09% 21.89% 14.32%
Marketable Securities ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Accounts Receivable 417 538 318 293 298 -22.49% 69.18% 8.53% -1.68% 10.81% 14.47% 10.69% 12.55% 13.94%
Inventory 424 268 271 230 233 58.21% -1.11% 17.83% -1.29% 10.99% 7.21% 9.11% 9.85% 10.90%
Notes Receivables (Current port) ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
other current assests 78 65 35 40 47 20.00% 85.71% -12.50% -14.89% 2.02% 1.75% 1.18% 1.71% 2.20%
Total Current Assets $ 2,003 $ 1,915 $ 1,430 $ 1,074 $ 884 4.60% 33.92% 33.15% 21.49% 51.94% 51.49% 48.07% 46.00% 41.37%
Land 12 12 12 12 12 0.00% 0.00% -4.92% 1.58% 0.30% 0.31% 0.39% 0.52% 0.56%
Notes Receivable (Long Term) ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Building 134 102 91 60 57 31.27% 12.13% 50.41% 5.85% 3.46% 2.73% 3.05% 2.58% 2.67%
Furniture & Fixtures 30 27 27 23 25 9.67% 0.00% 14.96% -7.80% 0.76% 0.72% 0.90% 1.00% 1.19%
Equipment ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Construction in progress 60 160 95 95 37 -62.52% 68.21% -0.31% 158.25% 1.55% 4.30% 3.19% 4.08% 1.73%
Property, plant & equipment, net ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Accumulated Depreciation ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Total Fixed Assets ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Goodwill 873 857 851 801 801 1.90% 0.71% 6.24% 0.00% 22.65% 23.04% 28.61% 34.31% 37.48%
Intangible assets 67 45 75 65 94 48.89% -40.00% 15.74% -31.07% 1.74% 1.21% 2.52% 2.78% 4.40%
Deferred income taxes 54 56 51 54 65 -3.91% 10.83% -6.10% -16.77% 1.40% 1.51% 1.71% 2.32% 3.04%
Property, plant & equipment, net 806 826 556 329 279 -2.42% 48.56% 69.00% 17.92% 20.90% 22.21% 18.69% 14.09% 13.06%
Other long term Assets 53 20 12 12 14 165.00% 66.67% 0.00% -14.29% 1.37% 0.54% 0.40% 0.51% 0.66%
Total Assets $ 3,856 $ 3,719 $ 2,975 $ 2,335 $ 2,137 3.69% 25.03% 27.41% 9.26% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Liabilities
Accounts Payable $ 110 $ 291 $ 201 $ 127 $ 141 -62.07% 45.11% 58.58% -10.02% 2.86% 7.83% 6.74% 5.42% 6.58%
Accrued compensation & benefits 42 82 71 41 31 -48.10% 15.28% 71.60% 31.47% 1.10% 2.19% 2.38% 1.76% 1.47%
Notes Payable-Current Portions ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Wages Payable ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Payroll Taxes Payable ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Interest Payable ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Income Tax Payable ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Deferred Revenue ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Other Current Liabilities 58 91 26 12 11 -37.02% 247.15% 119.17% 11.30% 1.49% 2.45% 0.88% 0.51% 0.50%
Total Current Liabilities $ 210 $ 464 $ 298 $ 180 $ 183 -54.69% 55.88% 65.61% -1.64% 5.45% 12.47% 10.01% 7.70% 8.55%
Long-term tax liabilities 72 71 42 46 1.13% 70.67% -9.37% ERROR:#DIV/0! 1.86% 1.91% 1.40% 1.97% 0.00%
OtherLong-term tax liabilities 32 25 102 6 48 26.48% -75.24% 1496.88% -86.80% 0.83% 0.68% 3.44% 0.27% 2.27%
Other Liabilities ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Total Liabilities $ 314 $ 560 $ 441 $ 232 $ 231 -43.95% 26.91% 90.26% 0.36% 8.15% 15.06% 14.84% 9.94% 10.82%
Stockholder's Equity
Capital Stock 46 48 47 47 48 -4.17% 2.13% 0.00% -2.08% 1.19% 1.29% 1.58% 2.01% 2.25%
Paid-in-Capital 2,686 2,495 2,248 2,041 1,920 7.66% 10.99% 10.14% 6.30% 69.65% 67.08% 75.57% 87.41% 89.85%
Treasury Stock & Accumulated other comprehensive (1,455) (853) (558) (366) (164) 70.57% 52.87% 52.46% 123.17% -37.73% -22.93% -18.76% -15.68% -7.67%
Retained Earnings 2,264 1,469 795 379 101 54.12% 84.78% 109.76% 275.25% 58.71% 39.50% 26.72% 16.23% 4.73%
Total Equity $ 3,541 $ 3,159 $ 2,532 $ 2,101 $ 1,905 12.09% 24.76% 20.51% 10.29% 91.85% 84.94% 85.16% 90.06% 89.18%
Total Liabilities & Equity $ 3,855 $ 3,719 $ 2,973 $ 2,333 $ 2,136 3.65% 25.08% 27.45% 9.21% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
INCOME STATEMENT Percent Change Common Size Income Statement (Sales)
Gross Sales or Revenue $ 3,289 $ 3,258 $ 2,292 $ 1,792 $ 1,569 0.95% 42.15% 27.90% 14.21% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Less:
Returns ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Allowances & Discounts ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Net Sales 3,289 3,258 2,292 1,792 1,569 0.95% 42.15% 27.90% 14.21% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Cost of Goods Sold:
Finished Goods Inv-Beg ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Cost of Goods Mfg. - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Goods Available for Sale - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Finished Goods Inv-End ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Cost of Goods Sold 1,624 1,704 1,269 1,025 901 -4.69% 34.28% 23.80% 13.76% 49.38% 52.30% 55.37% 57.20% 57.43%
Gross Profit 1,665 1,554 1,023 767 668 7.14% 51.91% 33.38% 14.82% 50.62% 47.70% 44.63% 42.80% 42.57%
Operating Expenses:
Sales & Market Expense 196 191 179 160 158 2.62% 6.70% 11.88% 1.27% 5.96% 5.86% 7.81% 8.93% 10.07%
Research & Development 312 303 252 226 213 2.97% 20.24% 11.50% 6.10% 9.49% 9.30% 10.99% 12.61% 13.58%
Other operating expenses 38 37 26 35 41 2.70% 42.31% -25.71% -14.63% 1.16% 1.14% 1.13% 1.95% 2.61%
Total Oper. Expense 546 531 457 421 412 2.82% 16.19% 8.55% 2.18% 16.60% 16.30% 19.94% 23.49% 26.26%
Operating Income 1,119 1,023 566 346 256 9.38% 80.74% 63.58% 35.16% 34.02% 31.40% 24.69% 19.31% 16.32%
Other Income & (Expenses) 82 1 (1) - 0 8100.00% ERROR:#DIV/0! -100.00% ERROR:#DIV/0! 2.49% 0.03% 0.00% -0.06% 0.00%
Net Income Before Taxes 1,201 1,024 566 345 256 17.29% 80.92% 64.06% 34.77% 36.52% 31.43% 24.69% 19.25% 16.32%
Income Taxes 205 225 108 66 53 -8.89% 108.33% 63.64% 24.53% 6.23% 6.91% 4.71% 3.68% 3.38%
Net Income $ 996 $ 799 $ 458 $ 279 $ 203 24.66% 74.45% 64.16% 37.44% 30.28% 24.52% 19.98% 15.57% 12.94%
Cost of Goods Manufactured Percent Change
Direct Materials:
Raw Materials Inventory-Beg ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Purchases ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Materials Available - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Raw Materials Inventory-End ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Materials Used - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Direct Labor ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Mfg. Overhead:
Indirect Labor ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Mfg. Supplies ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Heat, Light & Power ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Depreciation (bldg.) ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Depreciation (equip.) ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Miscellaneous ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Total Mfg. Overhead - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Mfg. Cost Incurred - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
WIP Inventory-Beg ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Cost to Account for - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
WIP Inventory-End ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
Cost of Goods Mfg. - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0!
CASH FLOW STATEMENT Percent Change Common Size Cash Flow Statement (Net Increase in Cash)
Cash Flow from Operations
Cash Inflows:
Collections from Custs. ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Int & Div's Collected ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Other Oper. Receipts ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Cash In from Operations 1,450 1,188 801 514 409 0 0 1 0 $ 36 $ 5 $ 3 $ 3 $ (4)
Cash Outflows:
Payments to suppliers ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Payments to employees ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Payments of Interest ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Other Operating Pmts ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Cash Out for Operations 354 195 29 14 124 81.54% 6 1 (1) $ 9 $ 1 $ 0 $ 0 $ (1)
Net Cash from Operations 1,096 993 772 500 285 10.37% 0 1 1 $ 27 $ 4 $ 3 $ 2 $ (3)
Cash Flows from Investing
Sale of Fixed Assets ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Purch. of Fixed Assets ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Net Cash from Investing -251 -455 -357 -123 -303 -44.84% 27.45% 1.9024390244 -0.5940594059 $ (6) $ (2) $ (1) $ (1) $ 3
Cash Flows from Financing
Issuance of Comm. Stock ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Proceeds from LT Debt ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Dividends Paid ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! ERROR:#DIV/0! $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ - 0
Net Cash from Financing -805 -300 -121 -173 -86 168.33% 147.93% -30.06% 101.16% $ (20) $ (1) $ (0) $ (1) $ 1
Net Increase in Cash 40 238 294 204 (104) -83.19% -19.05% 44.12% -296.15% 1 1 1 1 1
Beginning Cash Balance $ 1,044 $ 806 $ 511 $ 306 $ 0 29.53% 57.73% 66.99% 798560.00% $ 26 $ 3 $ 2 $ 2 $ (0)
Ending Cash Balance $ 1,084 $ 1,044 $ 805 $ 510 $ (104) 3.83% 29.69% 57.84% -590.57% $ 27 $ 4 $ 3 $ 3 $ 1
RATIOS:
IRT-CS: Click each ratio to see it defition
Liquidity
Working capital
IRT-CS: Working Capital measures the excess of current assets over current liabilities. It represents assets financed from long-term capital sources that do not require near-term repayment. WC = Current assets - Current liabilities
$ 1,793 $ 1,451 $ 1,132 $ 894 $ 701
Current ratio
IRT-CS: Current ratio involves the elements in the computations of working capital. Those are a company's currents assets divided by its current liabilities. This ratio is a measure of short-term debt-paying ability. CR = Current assets Current liabilities
9.53 4.13 4.81 5.98 4.84
Quick ratio (acid test)
IRT-CS: Quick Ratio also called acid-test is a much more rigorous test of a company's ability to meet its short-term debts. Inventories and prepaid expenses are excluded from total current assets, leaving only the more liquid (or "quick") assets to be divided by current liabilities. QR = Cash + Marketable securities + Current receivables Current liabilities
7.14 3.41 3.78 4.47 3.31
Financial Management
Receivables turnover
IRT-CS: Receivable turnover is a rough measure of how many times a company's accounts receivable have been turned into cash during the year. This ratio is computed by diving net sales by the average accounts receivable balance for the year. RT = Net sales Average accounts receivable balance
9.51 12.09 9.15 7.74
Days rcv'bles outstanding
IRT-CS: Days receivables outstanding is the turnover figure divided into 365 to determine the average number of says taken to collect an account. DRO = 365 days Receivables turnover
38.40 30.19 39.89 47.15
Inventory turnover
IRT-CS: Inventory turnover measures how many times a company's inventory has been sold and replaced during the year. It is computed by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average level of inventory on hand. IT = Cost of goods sold Average inventory balance
4.69 6.32 5.07 4.43
Days of inventory
IRT-CS: days of inventories is the number of days been taken to sell the entire inventory one time. It can be computed by dividing 365 by the inventory turnover figure. DI = 365 days Inventory turnover
77.76 57.73 72.05 82.44
Operational measurements
Gross profit
IRT-CS: Gross profit is a measure of profitability that evaluates the gross profit generated on sales. GP = Gross profit (Sales - COGS) Sales
50.62% 47.70% 44.63% 42.80% 42.57%
Operating margin
IRT-CS: Operating Margin is a measure of profitability that evaluates the operating income generated on sales. OM = Operating Income (Gross profit - Total oper exp) Sales
34.02% 31.40% 24.69% 19.31% 16.32%
Profit margin
IRT-CS: Profit margin reveals the profitability generated from sales expressed in terms of net income. PM = Net income Net sales
30.28% 24.52% 19.98% 15.57% 12.94%
Return on assets (ROA)
IRT-CS: Return on Total Assets is a measure of operating performance that shows how well assets have been employed. ROA = Net income Average total assets
21.09% 13.68% 10.51% 9.08%
Mark-up margin
IRT-CS: Mark-up-margin measures the gross profitability generate by COGS. MM = Gross profit COGS
102.52% 91.20% 80.61% 74.83% 74.14%
Return on equity
IRT-CS: Return on Equity measures the income generated for the benefit of the common stockholder. The ROE divides the net income remaining for common stockholders by the common stockholders' equity for the year. ROE = Net income Common stockholders' equity
28.13% 25.29% 18.09% 13.28% 10.66%
Asset turnover
IRT-CS: Asset utilization, or turnover, indicates the efficiency with which corporate assets generate revenue AT = Gross sales Average asset balance
0.86 0.68 0.67 0.70
Common shares outstanding
Avg market price/share
Earnings per share
IRT-CS: Earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available for stockholders by the average number of common shares outstanding during the year. "Net income available for common stockholders" is net income less dividends paid to the owners of the company's preferred stock. EPS = Net income - Preferred dividends Average number of common shares outstanding
Price earnings ratio
IRT-CS: Price-Earnings Ratio is the relationship between the market price of a share of stock and the stock's current earnings per share. A high price-earnings ratio means that investors are willing to pay a premium for the company's stock, because the company is expected to have higher than average future earnings growth. Conversely, if investors believe a company's future earnings growth prospects are limited, the company's price-earnings ratio would be relatively low. PE ratio = Market price per share Earnings per share
Solvency measurements
Current debt to equity
IRT-CS: Current debt to equity ratio is the balance between the portion of current liabilities and the protion of assets provided by the stockholders of a firm. Current D/E = Current liabilities Stochholders' equity
0.06 0.15 0.12 0.09 0.10
Debt to equity
IRT-CS: Debt-to-equity ratio is the balance between the portion of assets provided by creditors and the protion of assets provided by the stockholders of a firm. This ratio indicates the amount of assets being provided by creditors for each dollar of assets being provided by the owners of a company. D/E = Total liabilities Stochholders' equity

IRT-CS: Click each ratio to see it defition

IRT-CS: Working Capital measures the excess of current assets over current liabilities. It represents assets financed from long-term capital sources that do not require near-term repayment. WC = Current assets - Current liabilities

IRT-CS: Current ratio involves the elements in the computations of working capital. Those are a company's currents assets divided by its current liabilities. This ratio is a measure of short-term debt-paying ability. CR = Current assets Current liabilities

IRT-CS: Quick Ratio also called acid-test is a much more rigorous test of a company's ability to meet its short-term debts. Inventories and prepaid expenses are excluded from total current assets, leaving only the more liquid (or "quick") assets to be divided by current liabilities. QR = Cash + Marketable securities + Current receivables Current liabilities

IRT-CS: Receivable turnover is a rough measure of how many times a company's accounts receivable have been turned into cash during the year. This ratio is computed by diving net sales by the average accounts receivable balance for the year. RT = Net sales Average accounts receivable balance

IRT-CS: Days receivables outstanding is the turnover figure divided into 365 to determine the average number of says taken to collect an account. DRO = 365 days Receivables turnover

IRT-CS: Inventory turnover measures how many times a company's inventory has been sold and replaced during the year. It is computed by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average level of inventory on hand. IT = Cost of goods sold Average inventory balance

IRT-CS: days of inventories is the number of days been taken to sell the entire inventory one time. It can be computed by dividing 365 by the inventory turnover figure. DI = 365 days Inventory turnover

IRT-CS: Gross profit is a measure of profitability that evaluates the gross profit generated on sales. GP = Gross profit (Sales - COGS) Sales

IRT-CS: Operating Margin is a measure of profitability that evaluates the operating income generated on sales. OM = Operating Income (Gross profit - Total oper exp) Sales

IRT-CS: Profit margin reveals the profitability generated from sales expressed in terms of net income. PM = Net income Net sales

IRT-CS: Return on Total Assets is a measure of operating performance that shows how well assets have been employed. ROA = Net income Average total assets

IRT-CS: Mark-up-margin measures the gross profitability generate by COGS. MM = Gross profit COGS

IRT-CS: Return on Equity measures the income generated for the benefit of the common stockholder. The ROE divides the net income remaining for common stockholders by the common stockholders' equity for the year. ROE = Net income Common stockholders' equity
0.09 0.18 0.17 0.11 0.12

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