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steoan221a
theory_presentation.pptxPublic Admin Theory
By: Savannah Spicer and Greg Amantia
Spoils and Merit System
President Andrew Jackson
Supporter of spoils system
Promoting and hiring of government employees (friends,etc) based on political affiliation.
Pendleton Act
Became law in 1883
Merit System
Wilson’s Dichotomy
Politics
Purpose: Create Policy
Players: Elected Officials
Responsible for…
Policies
Laws
Ordinances
Administration
Purpose: Implement Policy
Players: All employed by a government agency
Administrator's duty to enforce policy regardless of their personal feelings.
Scientific Management (Frederick Taylor)
Standardized Industry
One best way
Created science behind management
Efficiency and Consistency
Can be applied to all sectors
Ex. Starbucks and McDonalds
Max Weber
Similar to Taylor → standardized procedures
Organizational Structure: bureaucracy
formal/rigid > loyalty to bosses
Six Characteristics of Bureaucracy
Clearly defined job roles (hierarchy of command)
Management based on rules and regulation
Division of labor and work specialization
Managers maintaining an impersonal relationship with employees
Competence > personality, as a basis for job appointment
Rules, Regulations, procedures, decisions and actions of organization/its members , should be recorded to preserve accountability and consistency
Mary Parker Follet
Workers are human beings, not expendable tools
“Power With” not “Power Over”
Individuals will work their best when they feel ownership
Leadership and the work environment
Abraham Maslow
Psychological Approach: Motivational Theory
Model of human needs are arranged in a hierarchy
Theory X
Workers dislike working
Avoid responsibility
Lacks independence
Need to be supervised constantly
No ambition
Workers are motivated
Seek and accept responsibility
Problem solvers
See work as natural part of life
Theory Y
What are your thoughts?
Do you believe people are born X or Y?
New Public Management
1980’s - Present Day
A series of reforms to improve:
Efficiency and Performance
For: Western governments and/or public sector organizations
Placed the focus on citizens
Recipients of the services
Customers of the public sector
New Public Management
Points to the inadequacies and failures of public sector performance over time
Locates the problem in the nature and processes of the public activity and public administration
Reshape the interactions between the public and government
Customer oriented public service
Uses ideas from the private sector to improve the interactions between citizens and public administrators.
New Public Management
8 Aspects to NPM
Strengthening steering functions
Devolving authority, providing flexibility
Ensuring performance, control and accountability
Improving the management of human resources
Optimizing information technology
Improving the quality of regulation
Providing responsive service
Developing competition and choice
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-3-lEEHvzc
The Hawthorne Effect
(Elton Mayo)
Individuals modify or improve behavior when being observed.
Idea that increased attention could lead to temporary increase in productivity.
Understood the work performance is dependent on both social relationships and work environment.
Wicked Problems
Rittel & Webber
These are problems that have no easy solution
Solutions are not right or wrong, good or bad
Sometimes, a symptom of another problem
Has many explanations
http://ed.ted.com/on/NW5f9Iqw/review_open#question-1
