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Exploring Desalination in Arizona By Chuck Cullom, CAP Colorado River Program Manager
2/22/2017
Arizona is in its 17
year of drought, but could salty water be the answer to the state’s water woes? I am part of the Desalination Committee
of the
Governor’s Water Augmentation Council
and we are exploring the potential to use desalination technology to address water needs across the state.
We recently met in Yuma, where we toured the Bureau of Reclamation’s Yuma
Desalting Plant (YDP), discussed brackish groundwater in the area, and
examined potential costs to develop those resources. While most people think of
desalination technology to treat seawater, it is also available to treat brackish
groundwater.
So what is brackish groundwater? It’s groundwater that is too salty for drinking
water or irrigation uses. To make use of brackish groundwater, it must first be
treated in a desalination facility like the YDP.
Treatment isn’t cheap, but it can be affordable. In Yuma, our studies show that
there is a longterm supply of approximately 50,000 – 70,000 AF a year available
from brackish groundwater in the area that could be treated at the YDP. When
you consider that one acrefoot of water will supply two families for a year, you
can see it’s a resource with huge potential.
Construction on the YDP was completed in 1992 and it has operated twice since then, so maintenance and upgrades
would be needed before the plant would be fully operational. The Bureau of Reclamation estimates it would cost
approximately $50 million to address the critical points that would get the plant to operate at 1/3 of its capacity.
YOUR WATER. YOUR FUTURE.
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Cost isn’t the only thing to consider. Producing fresh water by desalting
brackish groundwater creates salty effluent that must be handled in an
environmentally responsible way and provide benefits to local water users.
The committee is also looking at approaches to minimize environmental
impacts.
Arizona has abundant supplies of brackish groundwater for potential
development. The committee is looking at a wide range of brackish
groundwater resources including in the West Salt River Valley area, Coconino County – Winslow/Leupp areas, Picacho,
Wilcox, and Gila Bend areas. The committee intends to gather more information, including potential discussions with
water users in the brackish groundwater areas.
The committee expects to have a full report by the end of the year.
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