FIX MY PAPER ACCORDING TO MY TEACHER REQUIREMENTS

Surname

Name

Guyana, Russia, Zip Code

31st of March 2017

Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation;

Cabinet Minister of Defense & Interior Security,

Department of Home & Interior Security,

Young Street (2017), Zip Code

Guyana, Russia.

Dear Sir/Madam,

Re: ALARMING INSTANCE OF ORGANIZED CRIME

It is with profound distress, pain and fear of death that I have decided to write this piece to you sir. The rate of organized crimes happenings in our country, at the moment, is contemptible, outrageous and extreme. I am taking off all my professional caps to implore you that you intervene within and take the appropriate measure to abort this menace out of our nation.

I am writing as one among many citizens that have faced and experienced or otherwise been victimized of crime. It is with this reflection of dread fear tormenting all of us that we have opted to request your account of action. I cannot forget the pain that many citizens are undergoing ranging from old to young, men, women and children. Their lives are endangered at every step of their endeavors surviving amidst the frozen nation of war, terrorism and radicalization. Not forgetting one of our own young men and women who are being slaughtered like bulls in our own streets and cities.

I appeal to you that you reflect the kind of resounding distress your people are undergoing. The place where the residents are living at the moment is insecure and marred with threats and danger. Whenever the citizens are raising voices, have in mind that they are in dire need of your intercession and help. For instance, I have received regular threats from various unknown persons due to my forward looking character to my fellow citizens. This has deeply put my life in danger.

There is no doubt that the rate of crimes reported in the past has escalated alarmingly. Sir, you have to recognize the desperation our people are in for peace and this peril of criminality. This all what the citizens would plead to have now and in the future. However, this would not be possible until there is intense reconstruction of leadership in the key positions of your ministry. The poor leadership and management is one of the fundamental factors that have impacted the increased level of criminality, terror and extremism.

Competing definitions of organized crime

First we need to identify the real meaning and definition of organized crime. As you all know, organized crime same as with a few terms in criminology, this term has been characterized and described in different myriad aspects, and shockingly there has hardly been any agreement in regards to its definition. Not at all like on the case of murder or burglary or any other sorts of offenses. Organized crime is a theoretical as opposed to a practical criminology term of classification. The issue of definition is a critical one, since how we characterize organized crime has vital ramifications for how we endeavour to tackle the issue and to avert or control it.

Organized crime and other types of criminality is yet still a mystery to our nation. This is due to the fact that the groupings of who sponsor the act are extensively have concealed identity. Also, the tycoons who fund political crimes are untouchable since are the same people in the government and so are as armed as our police officers. The trend has escalated to a level that most of them trade on guns and explosive materials; a matter that has perpetuated and increased the level of crimes. It has been noted that quite a wide range of transnational and local groups have been centralized such that criminality has turned out to be at level best a personal business idea where criminals are trained and would set goals and targets of their attack.

Most of the criminal groups, for example gang groups, are determined to involve themselves in criminal activities commonly to get money and make profits while terrorist and extremist are motivated politically. At times these gang groups would force and threaten individuals to transact and make business deals with them. For instance when gangs are looting money from big shopping malls gangs would become organized and give instructions to the mall attendants and would loot the mall money in an “organized” manner. The criminal organization, crime syndicates or mafia gents networks have another trained squad who act as intelligent agents who act as underworld men and provides a super-extra protection to them (Lombardo, 2015).

Planned and organized crime is a critical challenge that our government faces. The challenge has not only contributed to the falling of personal and nation security but also has the facilitated to adverse affect of another crucial spheres of humanity such as social, economic along eco-environmental life. It also puts the country into fear of safety, instability and development retardation.

How organised crime has been constructed looking to history and the present day

Another important aspect that we must recognize is the history of organized crime. The criminals and pirates who plundered trader vessels in the 17th century and who attempted to trade on stolen products might have been considered among the most first “organized criminals” who showed up in the Western world. A hefty portion of other exercises that are related with contemporary criminal acts were such as prostitution, betting, robbery, and different types of extremist were additionally apparent in the boondocks groups of the nineteenth-century in the west part the United States. These criminal groups are armed and have intelligent squad who monitors and spies on the targeted area. Having been successful on this sphere of tactics, the same strategy the organized criminals are using except that the networking and form of communication has improved due to advancement in technology.

Crime management

Sir, I am positive as far as crime management is concerned. Currently, crime management is less complex due to global advances in technology. New methods of dealing with criminals have been tested which have been tested in other states have worked virtually perfectly. The use of internet, tracking maps and forensic computer technology are the fundamental basics to ending crime in the world. All we require know is the tactics that the criminals use in plan of an attack. We need to identify the kind of communication platform they use to network. By understanding how criminals operate, there effect on communities and government, identifying and implementing effective measures to minimize their activities is a significant notion towards assisting national government in response. Our country is rich enough and has all what it takes to fight organized crime and terror unlike other countries who have challenges like shortage of information or the information is disorganized or insensible to help deal with criminals (Noble, 2012).

Our country have also many departments dealing with investigations, preventions and organization of serious crime hence having challenges in ensuring maximum coordination, duplication and financing the activities. Improvement in response to serious and organized crime can be enabled by implementation of national serious and organized crime threat assessment department, SOCTA. The advantages of serious and organized crime threat assessment include:

· Enabling government to effectively protect the state from effects of serious and organized crime

· Implementing crucial government policy and developing management strategies to collect, assess and publish crime threats.

· Identifying effective actions in better prevention, intervention of crime

· Provides a monitoring tool that identifies crime intelligent squads

· Proving transparency to stakeholders who deal with crime investigation

I would recommend that there should a physical location of the team dealing with serious and organized crime that have appropriate office space where meetings could be held. Also, the training managers and analysts is important to ensure they are updated on current ways of dealing with crime. It is also important for each country to decide who owns SOCTA process and make sure there is understanding between all partner organizations. In some countries there is a government committee that brings together key players receiving SOCTA and reviewing progress. SOCTA documents should be a public document to encourage the public, business and media to understand serious and organized crime for public safety and prevention 

Social control theories on organized crimes

Social control theories play a vital role as they do offer justification as to why individual obey the law. Moreover, social control offers an explanation in respect to how behavior conforms to what is expected in the society. Social control theories, conversely, focuses on primarily external factors and the progressions by which they become operative. However, Crime and deviance has been occurring as a result of scanty constraints. With the case of social control theory, human nature encompass of the outset of free will, thus giving delinquents the capacity of choice, and liability for their behavioral changes. Broadly, organized crimes in the world we are living in fall on the following theories which focus on different issues (Sukharenko, 2014).

Alien conspiracy theory

Alien conspiracy theory has been known to be the most widely held theory in most organized crimes currently. This theory encompasses numerous things as it blames the outcasts and outside effects for the occurrence of the organized crime. Alien conspiracy theory has received considerable support over decade from federal law enforcement organizations, researchers and public official (Sukharenko, 2014). Arguments have been there more so on how federal law enforcement organizations have self-centered reasons to propagate on alien conspiracy theory. Nonetheless, federal law enforcement in connection with alien conspiracy theory explains the inability on how to eliminate organized crimes; it also disguises the role of political and trade corporations in organized crimes providing fertile grounds for power, new resources and bureaucratic growth.

The key to alien conspiracy theory is known to be ethnicity though criminologists argue that, this theory misinterprets and overstates the function of ethnicity in organized crimes. Many organized crimes comprise of specific ethnic background that cooperate on a regular basis but for those who wish to succeed should learn the limits of kinship, violence, and ethnicity and proceed to form profitable enterprise on the basis of sensible business decisions and common wants.

Rational choice theory

This is an economic principle that states that entities always make judicious and logical decisions. The decisions offer people with the utmost benefit or gratification choices available and are also in their highest self-regard. With rational choice theory, it considers why folks conduct themselves in a manner that potentially entails threats, arrest and personal injury. Regardless of the reason for committing crime, the decisions for such attempts is a rational choice made after considering the welfares and penalties of the action done. Rational choice theory is experienced in numerous places whereby folks end up killing each other more so when one party has been caught doing something centrally to the expected. The offender to this case is considered as a rational thinker and the punishment for the attempted crime is based on the pleasure principle. In other words, the punishment for the crime should outweigh the pleasure received by the offender for committing that crime (Shelley, 2017). So, linking with rational choice theory, the offender realizes that it wasn’t worthy committing that criminal action in the first place should have had appositive way forward on how to handle the case. This theory suggests that for the folks who commit do so after considering the risks of detection and punishment for the attempted crime and also the rewards. However, dynamics other than the rational choice can also cause someone commit a very serious crime. Law enforcement can be a better solution to this when someone has been caught having attempted or trying to attempt in order to reduce the likelihood of similar crimes.

Deterrence theory

Crime rates can be reduced using this theory as believed by the theorists. The purpose of deterrence, crime prevention is based on the assumption that offenders will be keen when making decision before committing any crime when the likelihood of being caught and facing serious punishment is there. This theory holds that, crimes can be dissatisfied by punishment threat. The advantage with this theory is that, if folks fears then there wouldn’t be crimes .The penalties are the ones that sends people off and make them change their minds because once caught their will not be escape from the penalties set in place for that particular crime. However, the effectiveness of the deterrence theory is highly debatable in numerous places and not supported by empirical evidence, it’s said to be much effective by some experts.

Instance of organized crime

Russian Organized Crime

Russia has been having numerous organized crimes circulating within the state and having impacts affecting different people positively and negatively. Moreover, these crimes affect the country economy and also political structures. Russia has organized crime groups in the United States that communicate and function with organized crime groups in Russia oh how they are going to attempt crimes targeting different sectors. For example, the diffusion of Russian organized groups across Russia has led to, bombings, terrorist murder, gun battles and kidnappings, revealing of a ruthless underworld struggle for control in forming economy. This example matches with the deterrence theory because, if there are good measures set in place for any Russian group trying to attempt an organized crime, then this can install fear to the other members planning to do the same if only the imposed penalties are too high and not easily accessible to everyone. If the police could have strategy implementation, then it could be easy for them to handle any crime issues when all is followed and put in place.

The most shocking thing about the Russian organized group is that, most of them have ties within the government in fact it is said to be more than half of the crime group .The only thing that can bring the difference is the standards of living which are being enjoyed by the latter. Looking at the alien conspiracy theory and relating it with the organized crimes in Russia we can conclude that, the organized cluster comprise of ethnicity that is cooperative allowing them to venture in and form profitable enterprise ever. A good example is about hacking which mostly has been much practiced by individuals from Russia due to the skilled community of cybercriminals ever. However, due to the corruption and incompetence of government, the society would normally expect to clash with organized crime-public organizations, political schedules, and the populace at large (Noble, 2012).

Rational choice theory is applicable in the Russian organized crime. This is because; rational choice theory is applicable to almost all disciplines of political science, aiding to explain everything from election results to war declarations. Moreover, rational choice theory, when thoroughly applied, can help elucidate the discipline and study of terrorism. Organized crime groups are driven by the potential of earning illicit profits from illegal activities that surpass those made possible by participating in legal business initiatives seeking to e profits through the use of coercion, violence and most undetectable corruption acts. An example of where rational choice was applied most is in the case of Russian Mafia which ended up flourishing black market, abusing the unstable governments of the former Republics even its highest point regulating as much as two-thirds of the economy.

Levels of harm associated with Russian organized crime

Russian organized crime has numerous interests virtually in every market and sector. Numerous factors contribute to organized crime's extent in Russia, but the way in which it developed is what makes it a pervasive economic force in the nation. Under the control of the organized groups, Russians experienced the worst effect of organized crimes particularly in market reforms. This notion had distracted interface of Russia to the rest of the global world. Moreover, change in political and economic concepts, corruption and the ever-expanding global economy have fired the power and influence organized crime has declared on Russia’s economic restructuring. As a result of fall of the Soviet Union, deeds of Russian organized crime groups have spread in the U.S and Europe, and the groups possess the competence to steal nuclear weapons-grade nuclear tools. Besides, smuggled Russian supplies have negatively impacted the world commodities markets whereby jobs were being lost leading to unemployment. Organized crime was in control of over forty percent of the income in goods and services in Russia, conferring to the Ministry of Internal Affairs within the state. Furthermore, the growth of organized crime has severely hindered the growth of private small businesses in the State.

Conclusion

Conclusively, you must agree with me that global organized crimes have escalated due to negligence of law and enforcement by the relevant government entities. The jury power to enforce the law has been reluctant due to the corruption that has transpired into the main arms of government. This nation needs to have a reorganized support that will address the corruption issues and thus focus on securing our country out of organized crime and terror. The frantic effort to fight and eliminate this peril can only be possible if management of crime is geared by legitimate administration that would work to the best interest of the nation. Therefore, the ministry must scrap off corrupt officials and have an appropriate officer who will enforce the law along establishing crime control framework across the entire nation and its borders.

Yours Faithfully,

signification

Name

References List

Lombardo, R. (2015). Alien Conspiracy theory. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 29(2), pp.233-255.

Noble, R. (2012). Serious and organised crime threat assessment 2010–2011. Trends in Organized Crime, 15(4), pp.339-347.

Shelley, L. (2017). [online] Available at: http://n.ereserve.fiu.edu/010034785-1.pdf [Accessed 31

Sukharenko, A. (2014). The use of corruption by “Russian” organized crime in the United States. Trends in Organized Crime, 8(2), pp.118-129.