Outline

Djukic, M., Kovner, C. T., Brewer, C. S., Fatehi, F. K., & Cline, D. D. (2013). Work environment factors other than staffing associated with nurses’ ratings of patient care quality. Health Care Management Review, 38(2), 105-114.

In this article, by Djukic et al. (2013), the authors discuss the workplace factors other than staffing of the hospital staff nurses that are related with the nurses’ assessments of patient care quality. The credibility of the article is attributed to the credentials of the authors, which include assistant professor, professors, research analyst, and a Ph.D. candidate. Additionally, the New York University and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation supported the research conducted by these authors. Hospitals in the US are faced with multiple challenges due to the amplified financial stress to provide patients with high-quality care. To address this problem, hospital to increase the number of registered nurses and improve other aspects of work environments in order to support delivery of health care by the registered nurses. According to Djukic et al., factors such as relations between nurses and physicians, workgroup cohesion, organizational restraints, procedural justice, and physical work environment were linked to the registered nurses’ ranking of valuable, adjusting for staffing. Djukic et al. continues to assert, “Personality and task factors are not directly associated with registered nurses ratings of patients care quality,” (Djukic et al., 2013). This article is relevant to this research topic because it provides evidence for factors that contribute to the quality of healthcare given to patients.

McNamara, M. (2008). Nurse Staffing Impacts Quality Of Patient Care Ana Poll Reveals Serious Concerns About Quality Of Care (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://search-

proquest- com.ezproxy.liberty.edu/docview/1220625024/fulltextPDF/9FAF03DA BB6D4D6APQ/1?accou ntid=12085#

In this peer-reviewed article, the author discusses the aspect of nurses staffing and its impact on the quality of patient care. According to McNamara (2008), a poll study conducted by the American Nurse Association at a national level indicates that a high percentage of nurses do not have faith in their staffing since they believe that their shift and staffing is not adequate to address the patient needs. Additionally, a significant number of nurses asserted that the quality of healthcare has declined and are planning to leave their current job. According to McNamara, adequate staffing of nurses translates to positive patient care outcomes and decreases the number of medical errors, and length of hospital stay. It is, therefore, important for the government to consider enacting policies and laws that will ensure adequate staffing levels for registered nurses. McNamara continues to point out that “improving nurse satisfaction and increasing the level of burnout are vital factors that significantly contribute to the improvement of care nada helping the organization decrease expenses, and the nurses by improving the working environment,” (McNamara, 2008). This article is vital for this research topic because it provides evidence on the effect of nurse enrolment on patient care.

Nantsupawat, A., Kunaviktikul, W., Nantsupawat, R., Wichaikhum, O. A., Thienthong, H., & Poghosyan, L. (2017). Effects of nurse work environment on job dissatisfaction, burnout, intention to leave. International nursing review, 64(1), 91-98.

In this peer-reviewed article, the authors discuss the effects of the nurse work environment on burnout, intention to leave the job, and job satisfaction. The authors in this article are highly informed on the subject because of their credentials including professors, assistant professors, lecturer in nursing, and a Nursing. Based on their credentials it would be true to assert that they are high informed on the subject, and the contents of the paper would be helpful for this topic. According to Nantsupawat et al., (2017), poor hospital work environment is the main factor that causes nurse turnover and attrition. In this study, the authors collected data through questionnaires that were sent to staff in each hospital quality and authorization development divisions. The finding of this study showed many nurses in the studied units were dissatisfied with their job and intended to leave their positions. Additionally, a high number of nurses also reported burnout. According to Nantsupawat et al., “better work environments can assist nurses to provide better care to their patients, decrease the objective to leave and burnout, as well as increasing job satisfaction,”(Nantsupawat et al., 2017). The article is relevant to this topic because it provides statistical evidence on the impact of poor working environment on employee satisfaction, and care for patients.

Stimpfel, A. W., Sloane, D. M., & Aiken, L. H. (2012). The longer the shifts for hospital nurses, the higher the levels of burnout and patient dissatisfaction. Health Affairs, 31(11), 2501- 2509.

In this peer-reviewed article, the authors discuss the longer work shifts for nurses and the higher levels of exhaustion and their effect on the nurses. According to Stimpfel et al. (2012), prolonged work shift in hospitals is a shared and prevalent practice for nurses, but little is known about the impact of this practice on the well-being of the nurses or the care given to patients. In a study conducted on a secondary study of data from multiple sources, connected by shared hospital identifiers, the authors analyzed individual nurse shifts and the nurse outcomes. The authors continue to suggest that that compared to nurses that worked shift ranging from 8-9hours, the nurses that worked longer shifts of up to 10-11 hours were more likely to be exhausted, high unhappy with the job, and anticipating to quit the job. According to Stimpfel et al., “Extended shifts undermine nurses’ wellbeing, may result in expensive job turnover, and can negatively affect patient care,” (Stimpfel et al., 2012). This article is important to the research topic because it provides statically evidence regarding the impact of extended work shifts on the hospital staff nurses and the quality of health care for patients. Additionally, the article provides policy recommendations on what needs to be done in to improve the situation.