Shareholder proposal

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chevron_proxy_memo_4-14-16_alert.pdf

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NAME OF REGISTRANT: Chevron (CVX)

Sisters of St. Francis of Philadelphia:

609 South Convent Road, Aston, PA 19014

Written materials are submitted pursuant to Rule 14a-6(g)(1) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act

of 1934. Submission is not required of this filer under the terms of the Rule, but is made voluntarily in the

interest of public disclosure and consideration of these important issues.

The Sisters of St. Francis of Philadelphia and fourteen other co-filers urge you to vote FOR Proposal # 10 at the

Chevron Annual Meeting on May 25 th .

Proposal # 10 on Chevron’s 2016 Proxy Statement:

Argument in Favor

Hydraulic fracturing operations pose significant environmental and social impacts and risks, leading to financial

risks for companies due to increased community opposition and regulatory scrutiny. Shareholder proposals

requesting enhanced reporting on this issue continue to earn support from 25-33% of shareholders, indicating

sustained concern from shareholders about the inadequacy of existing company risk management disclosures.

Currently, Chevron is not providing investors with a set of metrics sufficient to assess the risks and impacts

associated with the company’s hydraulic fracturing operations. This memo contextualizes the issues of concern

and outlines specific key areas of inadequate disclosure by Chevron.

Chevron is among the top 10 natural gas producers in the United States, yet fails to comprehensively disclose

the impacts of its hydraulic fracturing operations on air, water, land, and communities to shareholders. In

comparison with its peers, Chevron provides very little data on its website and 10-K on key environmental and

social indicators. Absent quantitative disclosure from the company regarding its environmental and community

impacts, shareholders are unable to rigorously assess the risks that may be associated with those impacts.

Consequently, the resolved clause of the Proposal asks Chevron’s board to report-- via quantitative indicators-- on the results of company policies and practices, above and beyond regulatory requirements, to minimize potential adverse impacts on local communities and water resources. The supporting statement suggests this

CHEVRON SHAREHOLDER PROPOSAL #10

Chevron Fails to Disclose Quantitative Risk Metrics Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing

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reporting be done by relevant geographic region – such as per ‘shale play’, because so many impacts, especially those related to water quantity and quality, are regional in nature, addressing at a minimum:

• Quantity of fresh water used for shale operations by region, including source • Percentage of recycled water used by region; • Systematic post-drilling groundwater quality assessments; • Percentage of drilling residuals managed in closed-loop systems; • Goals to eliminate the use of open pits for storage of drilling fluid and flowback water, with updates on

progress; and • A systematic approach to assessing and managing community and human rights impacts, including

quantifying numbers and categories of community complaints of alleged impacts, and portion resolved.

This is not a solicitation of authority to vote your proxy. Please DO NOT send us your proxy card. The Sisters of

St. Francis of Philadelphia is not able to vote your proxies, nor does this communication contemplate such an

event. The Sisters of St. Francis of Philadelphia urge shareholders to vote for Item number 10 following the

instruction provided on the management’s proxy mailing.

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Hydraulic fracturing imposes significant environmental and social risks, leading to increased financial risks to

shareholders.

1. Public and investor expectations for disclosure of relevant metrics regarding company risk management practices are rising.

2. Chevron does not provide investors with metrics sufficient to assess the company’s exposure to risks associated with the impacts of hydraulic fracturing operations and whether the company is effectively

mitigating those risks.

Hydraulic fracturing operations typically use millions of gallons of water per well, require careful transport and

storage of thousands of gallons of chemicals, produce large volumes of waste water, and create greenhouse

gases and other air emissions. These industrial operations also have significant social impacts on communities

and the regions in which they operate. They can impair health, damage roads, create significant traffic

congestion, increase burdens on emergency services, and reduce the availability of affordable housing, among

other impacts.

As a result of the environmental and social impacts and risks of fracturing operations, companies face an

abundance of regulatory, reputational, and litigation risk. Governments – from local towns to nation-states –

have enacted bans and moratoria on hydraulic fracturing operations.1 Such actions represent denial of

companies’ “social license to operate” and can result in significant negative impacts to a company’s bottom line

due to loss of revenue.

Consequently, investors and the public are seeking evidence via transparent disclosure that companies are

adopting best practices for managing the risks associated with hydraulic fracturing operations. Some companies

may, in fact, be implementing best practices on a broad scale but – absent disclosure – investors and the public

are left in the dark about these efforts.

1 On Quebec’s moratorium, see http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/story/2012/11/23/fracking-ban-nafta-lawsuit.html. On Bulgaria’s, directly impacting Chevron’s exploration plans, see http://www.shalegas-europe.eu/en/index.php/resources/shale-opportunities-in-europe/bulgaria. On France's, see http://www.shalegas-europe.eu/en/index.php/resources/shale-opportunities-in-europe/france. On the Delaware River Basin Commission's de facto moratorium, see http://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/tag/drbc/. On New York’s State’s ban, see http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-06- 29/n-y-officially-bans-fracking-with-release-of-seven-year-study.

Rationale for a Yes Vote

Rationale point 1: Hydraulic fracturing results in significant environmental and social risks and impacts,

which increase financial risks to shareholders

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As the industry faces increased scrutiny, a commitment to transparency is crucial for companies seeking to

address the array of concerns regarding the risks and impacts of hydraulic fracturing on local communities,

public health, and the environment. Prominent government agencies, relevant industry bodies,2 and investors

have recognized the need for the industry to transparently demonstrate a commitment to implementing best

risk management practices. Transparency requires full disclosure of steps being taken to minimize risks,

acknowledgement of challenges and failures, and clearly communicated progress in continually improving

operations.

Investors in particular require relevant, rigorous disclosure on key performance indicators in order to compare

company risk and performance, and make informed investment decisions. This is the sixth year investors are

engaging companies to raise concerns regarding the impacts of hydraulic fracturing operations. Proposals have

consistently received remarkably high votes – consistently averaging over 28% since initial proposals were filed

in 2009. These high votes send a clear message to the entire sector that investors need more specific, relevant

disclosure as to how companies are managing the risks and impacts associated with their operations.

As public expectations for company disclosure and transparency rise, the proponents are concerned that

investment value may be undermined by company policies and practices that lag public and regulatory

expectations for environmental protection. In the absence of meaningful disclosure, investors and the public

have no way of adequately assessing the risks that hydraulic fracturing operations present to various companies.

Chevron’s Board of Directors, in its response to this proposal, notes it is a founding partner of the Center for Sustainable Shale Development (CSSD). CSSD has developed performance standards for use in third party certification intended to indicate that a company has implemented recommended practices in the Appalachian Basin, which for Chevron means principally its Marcellus operations. Chevron further notes it is the first company to achieve third-party certification against CSSD standards. Proponents welcome Chevron’s engagement with CSSD, but note the company provides virtually no quantitative data on the environmental and community impacts of its operations in the Permian Basin despite the approximately 1180 wells it has completed in Texas’ Permian Basin being nearly 4 times the number of wells it has completed in the Marcellus. Moreover, its Permian disclosures lag those of other companies operating in the Permian, as detailed below. Moreover, the CSSD’s guidelines fail to address a key issue raised in the proposal—quantitative reporting on

numbers and categories of community complaints of alleged impacts and the portion of those complaints

resolved.

2 The Appalachian Shale Recommended Practices Group (ASRPG) and the Center for Sustainable Shale Development (CSSD) are two example of prominent multi-company consortia that have been formed to encourage wide-spread adoption of best practices within the industry. See www.asrpg.org and www.sustainableshale.org.

Rationale point 2: Public and investor expectations for disclosure of relevant metrics regarding company

risk management practices are rising

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The proponents contend that Chevron has failed to meaningfully report on the key performance indicators

outlined in the proposal, and also fails to disclose the relevant metrics necessary for investors to rigorously

assess Chevron’s risk management practices. An analysis of Chevron’s disclosure follows:

• Quantity of fresh water and recycled water used for shale operations by region, including source

Currently, Chevron does not provide data regarding its water use or recycling efforts in drought-ridden Texas,

where it conducts most of its hydraulic fracturing operations. A recent study finding that most hydraulic

fracturing operations in the U.S. occur in areas currently experiencing high water stress noted that the Permian

Basin in Texas where Chevron operates has been classified as a “High Water Stress” area.3

The high volume of water used during hydraulic fracturing operations can pose substantial risks to companies

operating in water constrained regions -- from impeding operations, to increasing costs where water must be

purchased, to creating competition (actual or perceived) for limited water resources -- especially in arid areas

and regions experiencing droughts.4 Metrics relating to increased recycling, reuse of produced water or waste

water, and reductions in freshwater withdrawals are critical for investors to assess the extent to which

companies are mitigating exposure to water-related risks.

Peer Comparison

Occidental Petroleum provides key metrics on water use for many of its regional operations (e.g., South Texas,

North Dakota, and Colorado) in easy-to-use charts, including amount of potable municipal fresh water and other

fresh water used; percentage of total use from each source; amount of non-freshwater used; amount of

produced water generated and recycled; and direct discharge to surface waters.5 Similarly, BHP Billiton discloses

3 A 2013 study of 25,000 shale wells revealed that nearly half were developed in water basins with “high” or “extremely high” water stress. For example, 92% of Colorado’s nearly 4,000 wells were drilled in “extremely high” water stress areas, and even in the Susquehanna River Basin, where water is abundant, drought conditions caused the Susquehanna River Basin Commission to suspend water withdrawal privileges for companies during two recent summers. See Ceres, “Hydraulic Fracturing & Water Stress: Growing Competitive Pressures for Water”, (2013) http://www.ceres.org/resources/reports/hydraulic-fracturing-water-stress-growing-competitive-pressures-for-water. In Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale, CSSD has certified that Chevron has recycled more than 90% of its waste water; Chevron provides no such data for the Permian. 4 Id. 5.

5 Data accessible from http://www.oxy.com/SocialResponsibility/Environmental-Stewardship/Pages/Water-Management.aspx

Rationale point 3: Chevron does not provide investors with relevant metrics sufficient to assess the

company’s exposure to risks associated with the impacts of hydraulic fracturing operations and

whether the company is effectively mitigating those risks.

Gap Analysis of Chevron Reporting

The Appalachian Shale Regional Practices group (ASRPG) principles and the International Energy Agency’s

Golden Rules for a Golden Age of Gas report both call for quantitative reporting on water use and recycling.

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total water use for the Permian and each of its other shale plays, also providing data on surface and ground

water use and waste water recycled.6 Likewise, Anadarko Petroleum reports its sourcing of surface, ground,

waste, and municipal water for its several shale plays, including operations in the Delaware sub-basin of the

Permian.7 Also, Apache Corporation reports sourcing of surface, ground and municipal water for its Permian

operations, and the amounts of waste water generated and recycled.8 In contrast to Chevron, investors are able

to objectively assess Occidental’s, BHP Billiton’s, and Apache’s risk exposure and risk management practices

relating to impacts on local water sources.

• Post-drilling and completion groundwater quality assessments

Currently, Chevron is silent on its post-drilling and completion groundwater quality monitoring in Texas, where,

as noted, it has completed nearly 4 times as many wells as it has in Pennsylvania.9

Post-drilling water quality monitoring is critical for continued evaluation of water quality to ensure timely action

should any concerns regarding contamination arise. States are increasingly adopting regulations that require

companies to implement both pre- and post-drilling water quality monitoring. Two such states are Wyoming and

Illinois.10 These enactments signal the potential for new regulatory requirements and increased expectations

Chevron may need to address in its operating areas.

Peer comparison

In contrast, Hess clearly states a policy that “[p]rior to and after conducting hydraulic fracturing, Hess conducts

baseline water quality monitoring of pre-existing ground water wells and surface water bodies within a

minimum 2,500 foot radius. At a minimum, water samples are tested for water quality parameters in

accordance with state regulations and FracFocus Chemical Disclosure Registry guidance as well as for any known

local contaminants. The exception to this practice is in the Bakken development, where the state of North

Dakota monitors a long standing, established network of ground water monitoring wells.”11 Similarly, BHP

Billiton states that in 2015 it voluntarily implemented a pre-drilling groundwater monitoring program in its four

shale plays including the Permian, and conducts post-drilling monitoring in those instances where there has

been a loss of integrity of a well casing.12

• Goals to eliminate the use of open pits for storage of drilling fluid and flowback water, with updates on progress

6 See pg 3 at http://www.bhpbilliton.com/~/media/bhp/documents/society/reports/2015/150922_society_environment_responsiblymanaginghydraulicfracturing.pdf?l a=en. 7 See response to question W5.1a on pg 10 at http://www.anadarko.com/content/documents/apc/Responsibility/CDP_Water_Archive/CDP_Water_2015_Response_Anadarko.pdf. 8 http://www.apachecorp.com/Sustainability/Environment/Water/Apache_global_water_usage/index.aspx.

9 CSSD certified Chevron as having done this in its more modest Marcellus operations.

10 See Illinois Hydraulic Fracturing Regulatory Act, http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/publicacts/98/PDF/098 -0022.pdf, and

http://wyofile.com/dustin/wyoming-embarks-on-groundwater-monitoring-rule-for-oil-and-gas-development/. 11 Pg 21 http://www.hesscorporation.com/downloads/reports/EHS/US/2011/default.pdf.

12 See pg 2 at

http://www.bhpbilliton.com/~/media/bhp/documents/society/reports/2015/150922_society_environment_responsiblymanaginghydraulicfracturing.pdf?l a=en

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Chevron is silent on its use of open pits in its sizeable Texas operations, although CSSD has certified that in its

more modest Marcellus operations, Chevron’s standardized well pad design does not include onsite pits.

Proper disposal and storage of wastewater is critical for managing the risks associated with the potential

contamination of surface and groundwater. Unfortunately, companies in this sector often store wastewater in

open-air, lined earthen pits – a practice identified by a cross-section of experts as having a particularly high-risk

for water contamination due to the increased likelihood of leaks and over-flows.13 Best practice to minimize

instances of leaks and associated water contamination is containing wastewater in closed, above-ground storage

tanks. Closed tanks can also mitigate risks to air quality, as toxic chemical vapors can escape when waste water

is stored in surface pits open to the atmosphere, potentially posing local and regional air quality risks.

The practice of phasing out open pits in favor of closed tanks is called for in the CSSD’s performance standards,

and required by Illinois’ new regulations.14 Proponents believe this to be a sign of potential regulatory tightening

elsewhere, and consequently urge companies to disclose current waste management practices and progress in

closing or forgoing use of lined earthen pits.

Peer comparison

In contrast, Encana reports that it is moving to a closed-loop water management system across all of its shale

plays and has committed to avoiding construction of any new drilling or flowback pits on pad sites.15 Encana

discloses its progress in rolling out these best practices by reporting that in the South Piceance Basin it launched

an effort to close approximately 180 historic and active pits containing drill cuttings and completion flowback

water, the last of which were closed in early 2011. BHP Billiton reports, “We direct flowback water into closed

tanks for storage prior to disposal.”16

• Percentage of drilling residuals managed in closed-loop systems

Similar to the key performance reference immediately above, this indicator relates to management of risks to

ground and surface water quality associated with waste storage practices.

Drilling residuals, the byproducts of the drilling that precedes hydraulic fracturing, are another potential hazard

to water quality identified by CSSD and the IEA.17 CSSD has certified that Chevron uses closed loop systems in

the Marcellus but the company is silent on its specific practices at its much larger Texas operations.

Peer comparison

13 See Resources for the Future, “Pathways to Dialogue: What the Experts Say About the Environmental Risks of Shale Gas Development: Overview of Key

Findings” (2013), http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-Rpt-PathwaystoDialogue_Overview.pdf, page 6. 14 Illinois Hydraulic Fracturing Regulatory Act, Section 1-75(c)(1).

15 “Caring About Water in Colorado”, http://www.encana.com/news-stories/our-stories/environment-caring-about-water-in-colorado.html

16 See pg 3 at

http://www.bhpbilliton.com/~/media/bhp/documents/society/reports/2015/150922_society_environment_responsiblymanaginghydraulicfracturing.pdf?l a=en. 17 CSSD performance standard 3, https://www.sustainableshale.org/performance-standards/; IEA Golden Rules Report, page 23.

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BHP Billiton reports, “We utilize a closed loop system to manage and recycle drilling muds when oil based mud is

used, or if the well is located in a flood plain or other environmentally sensitive area, or if the landowner

requests it. The process lowers the potential for contact of drilling fluids with the environment.”18

Chevron does not report a systematic approach to identifying and addressing concerns about the impacts of its

hydraulic fracturing operations from the local community, including quantifying numbers and categories of

community complaints and portion resolved.

The impacts of hydraulic fracturing operations on local communities can lead to strained community relations

and have financial implications for companies when not properly addressed. In the recent past, shareholders at

some companies have suffered losses in their investments when company operations have been curtailed by

bans and moratoria enacted by communities concerned about the adverse impacts associated with hydraulic

fracturing operations. Consequently, investors are seeking evidence that companies have comprehensive

systems in place for identifying and addressing concerns from the local communities in which they operate.

In February, 2014, Chevron was criticized heavily in the media for its community engagement practices following

a well explosion and fire on a drilling pad in Dunkar Township, Pennsylvania, that burned for five days and

resulted in one contractor fatality. Specifically, the company blocked regulators’ access to the site for two days,

was cited for nine regulatory regulations, and was ridiculed in social media for offering free pizza and drinks as

an apology to nearby residents.19 The incident is a reminder of the risks associated with shale energy

development and the vulnerability of companies to the negative publicity associated with shortfalls in risk

management effort.

While the company states that it has “set up community advisory boards to seek out—and respond to—

concerns of the local community” in the Marcellus Shale, the company fails to provide information regarding the

effectiveness of these outreach programs and whether they are implemented beyond the Marcellus Shale.20

Peer Comparison

EQT, which operates in the Marcellus, launched an “issues tracking and resolution” process in 2013. Of the 113

issues reported to the database by the company’s network of designated community advisors, 54% related to

construction traffic or road conditions, 20% to possible property damage, and the remaining 27% to a variety of

additional issues. EQT also operates a related water tracking program, which tracks complaints and other data.

Company staff now report quarterly to senior corporate management on “the number of complaints received

18 See pg 3 at “We utilize a closed loop system to manage and recycle drilling muds when oil based mud is used, or if the well is located in a flood plain or

other environmentally sensitive area, or if the landowner requests it. The process lowers the potential for contact of drilling fluids with the environment.” 19 http://stateimpact.npr.org/pennsylvania/2014/04/09/chevron-blocked-access-to-dep-after-fatal-well-fire-in-southwest-pa/;

http://finance.yahoo.com/blogs/daily-ticker/chevron-s--pizza-and-soda--apology-turns-tragedy-into-farce-150212809.html. 20 http://www.chevron.com/documents/pdf/PartneringMarcellus.pdf.

A systematic approach to assessing and managing community and human rights impacts, including

quantifying numbers and categories of community complaints of alleged impacts, and portion resolved

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per 100 wells spud (wells where drilling has begun).21 BHP Billiton discloses it tracks community concerns in its

database system and aggregates and reports them upward on a weekly basis to its petroleum operations’

leadership, including the president. BHP has reported community complaint trends for each of its four shale

plays from 2013 to 2015.22

Disclosure is critical, as it is the primary vehicle by which investors gain insight into the extent to which

companies are adopting best management practices and realizing their benefits. Risk management policies are

most meaningful when accompanied by data disclosing their effectiveness. Chevron fails to provide investors

with the metrics necessary to evaluate how Chevron is managing the risks associated with the impacts of its

hydraulic fracturing operations on local water sources.

Consequently, proponents urge that investors vote FOR this proposal

This is not a solicitation of authority to vote your proxy. Please DO NOT send us your proxy card. The

Sisters of St. Francis of Philadelphia is not able to vote your proxies, nor does this communication

contemplate such an event. The Sisters of St. Francis of Philadelphia urge shareholders to vote for Item

number 10 following the instruction provided on the management’s proxy mailing.

21 http://www.eqt.com/docs/pdf/2014%20EQT%20CSR%20Report.pdf. 22 Pg 6 at

http://www.bhpbilliton.com/~/media/bhp/documents/society/reports/2015/150922_society_environment_responsiblymanaginghydraulicfracturing.pdf?l a=en.

CONCLUSION