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Victoria Sun
imperial_decline_and_barbarian_invasions.pptRoman empire and the Han dynasty in 2nd century!
Gaius Julius Caesar (101-44BCE)
Pompey ‘the Great’ (106-48 BCE)
Rome and Mediterranean Unity:
Government of divine kingdom!
Civil War (49-44 BCE)
Roman Aqueduct
Rome and Mediterranean Unity
Pax-Romana (Roman Peace)
Beginning with the accession of Augustus in 27 BCE, this era in Roman history lasted until 180 CE, the death of Marcus Aurelius.
Imperial decline and barbarian invasions:
1. Decline of the empires in the 3rd. and 4th.centuries CE.
2. Three problems that afflicted the Roman empire:
A. Roman empire grew in territory and population beyond the limits of what its economic resources could support.
I. Expansion of bureaucracy and army
II. War with Persians
III. Higher taxation
2. Three problems that afflicted the Roman empire:
A. Roman empire grew in territory and population beyond the limits of what its economic resources could support.
II. War with Persians
III. Higher taxation
Roman bridge, 1st. century
Roman bath
Roman aqueduct
B. Lack of technological progress
I. Not much progress in basic technology
I. Slave labor
Roman cage cup
Roman stone paved road
Roman siege engine
Catapult
Crane for medium load
Roman crane machine
Spartacus, the Slaves Revolt - 73 BCE.
Slaves were an important economic good and entity in the Roman Empire. They were sold on the slave markets like cattle or any other good.
Roman slaves and the Slave market.
Slave labor is ultimately self-defeating!
Why?
Roman Villa and Latifundia
Christianity
Constantine signed the Edict of Milan (religious toleration) in 313 after assuming his position in 306 CE.
Imperial decline and barbarian invasions:
C. Widening gap between the rich and the poor
I. No loyalty or support of common people
The crisis of the 3rd century:
a) Political, after the assassination of emperor Alexander Severus in 235CE.
- Hyperinflation, devaluation of currencies. A silver coin had less silver, but more bronze and copper
- Trade network break down
Tetrarchy (leadership of four)
Caesar=junior emperor
Augustus=senior emperor
Emperor Diocletian, 293CE
Imperial decline and barbarian invasions:
C. Widening gap between the rich and the poor
I. No loyalty or support of common people
II. More problems in the western part of the empire
Emperor Constantine I, moved the capital to Byzantium (Constantinople ) in 330CE.
Emperor Valentinian I (364-375CE) appointed his brother Valens (364-375) as the co- ruler.
Xiongnu
Attila died in 453
Imperial decline and barbarian invasions:
1. Decline of the empires in the 3rd. and 4th.centuries CE.
Rise of Attila the Hun (died in453)
Imperial decline and barbarian invasions:
3. Invasions of barbarians from the West:
A. Movements of the nomadic people against China and India
B. Germanic people
Germanic tribes:
Saxon, Jutes, Angles, Thuringians, Alamanni, Suebi, Franks, Daner (Denish), Suiones (Swedes), Burgandians, Visigoths, Thervings, Ostrogoths, Rugians, Vandals, Heruli
