Course Reflection
Communication Systems
Chapter 11 Hacker
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
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ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
Source of the message is where the message is coming from (you).
Encoder converts your message into a form that is easily transmitted (digital to analog signal).
The channel are the elements that conduct the message such as cables and wires, fiber optics. For radio it’s air!
The decoder takes the message and converts back into a form the destination can read it in (analog to digital).
The receiver is whoever is receiving the message (your friend).
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Input
Process
Output
Source
Encoder
Communications Channel
Decoder
Receiver
Types
Graphic
Written, screen display, pictures, video
Graphs, blueprints
The message can be either quantitative or qualitative.
Electronic
Copper wire, fiber optic, air
The message can be either analog or digital.
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
Fiber optic cables transfer messages through frequencies and amplitudes of light. Fiber optic cables are able to transfer data faster (bandwidth) than wire cables. Ranges of frequency and losses per unit distance are the key advantages to fiber optics over wire cables.
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Graphics and Blueprints
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
Given a graphic of a part, can you compose a drawing for a manufacturer to produce the part?
See PDFs of drawings and graphics of the different parts.
After viewing the first two examples, look at the third graphic and try to compose the drawing for that graphic. See how you did with the last drawing! Don’t worry about numbers, just about calling out a sufficient amount of dimensions to make the part manufactural.
The key is to call out just the right amount of dimensions so that a manufacturer can make the part but so the drawing isn’t cluttered or hard to read.
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Graphs and Tables and Charts
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
Graphs and tables and charts can be very useful for portraying information qualitative and quantitative. Go through the excel spreadsheet on canvas, explore the different capabilities of excel while assessing the use of graphs and tables in different circumstances.
IF I want to show specific values, graph or table or chart?
If I want to compare values, graph, table or chart?
If I want to show trends in data, graph, table or chart?
If I want to show the variability in a data set, graph, table or chart?
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ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
FM Antenna
Battery Compartment
Loudspeaker
AC Power Input
Transformer
Internal AM Antenna
Transformer for voltage
Amplifier
Earphone Socket
Volume Control
Tuner Control
Taken from http://www.explainthatstuff.com/radio.html
1. External, telescopic FM antenna: The one on this radio extends to about 30 cm (1 ft), which is plenty long enough to catch a good range of FM broadcasts. You can extend and swivel the telescopic antenna for better reception. Generally speaking, the longer the antenna (known as an aerial in the UK), the more signals you can pick up.
2. Battery compartment: This radio is either battery or AC powered. When you plug in an AC lead, a switch automatically cuts out the battery power.
3. Loudspeaker: There is only one loudspeaker, so this radio can reproduce only mono sounds. Generally, the bigger the loudspeaker the louder the radio (and the better the quality of sound it will make).
4. AC power input: A cable plugs into this socket so you can run the radio economically from a domestic power supply (mains electricity socket).
5. Transformer: The radio's electronic components operate on very small voltages (less than 6 volts), but the power that comes in from the AC outlet is typically 110 volts (in the USA), 240 volts (in the UK), or similar. The transformer's job is to scale down the AC voltage so it's safe and appropriate for the radio's delicate components.
6. Internal AM antenna: When you're listening to an AM (also known as MW or medium wave) broadcast, the external FM antenna is redundant. Instead, signals are picked up by this tightly coiled AM antenna concealed inside the case. If you're listening on AM, you have to turn the entire radio to reorient the built-in antenna and improve your signal reception.
7. Transformer: A series of smaller transformers help the radio hone in on just the station you want by blocking out other, nearby stations.
8. Amplifier: This small chip boosts the signal strength so it's powerful enough to drive the loudspeaker. The amplifier is based on transistors, electronic components that take in a small current and put out a much larger one—scaling it up in size. Small radios are often called "transistor radios": it was the development of the tiny transistor, from the late 1940s onward, that made it possible to pack all the components of a radio into a small portable unit. Before transistors came along, radios were typically huge wooden boxes that stood in the corner of your home, as big as an old-fashioned TV (and often even bigger).
9. Earphone socket: You can plug a small mono earphone in here to listen in privacy. If you plug stereo headphones into the mono socket, you'll hear sound in only one of the two earpieces.
10. Volume control: This is the back of the volume knob. Turning the volume knob adjusts an electronic component called a variable resistor or potentiometer, which increases or decreases the electric current flowing to the loudspeaker. A bigger current makes a louder sound with more volume; a smaller current makes a quieter sound with less volume.
11. Tuning control: This is a variable capacitor that tunes the radio in to a specific station.
Bring in car stereo to show.
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Make a poster board and video in group of 2!
Investigate a career in technology that interest your group
(groups of 2!). Determine the following:
Demand and salary growth rates and averages.
Typical day in the profession.
Skills and qualifications required; scientific principles involved.
Spend about 40 minutes doing this and then take 10 minutes to compose a video presentation (use p. 425&426 as resource). Use your phones. Once you have made your video, email it to me for me to grade.
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
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Telecommunications
The transmission of signals from a distance.
How does telecommunications affect our society?
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
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Analog and Digital Signals
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
Like a water hose, moving the hose up and down continuously produces a wave. This would be like an analog signal. For digital, it would be like putting your thumb over the hose nozzle at different rates.
Radios, televisions, and telephones operate by receiving and transmitting these signals across different frequencies and coded channels. Digital is composed of ones and zeros like an on-off switch. The order of these makes a message, or a code.
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GPS and Satellites
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
General principle with model on board of trilateration (three distances make up one point in 3d space.
Satellites are placed in different orbits and planes to orbit the earth (Free energy from orbits!)
Geosynchronous, low earth, mid earth, semi synchronous
Low earth apps: Cheap and easy, less transmission power.
Semi synchronous: GPS
Geosynchronous/geostationary: communications satellites. Satellite phones, sat television or sat radio.
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Race! 5 points to the winner
What was the original intent of the persons that first discovered the technology for GPS?
ETSC 101 Chapter 11 Hacker
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