Prepare a memorandum to the individual of your choice (see format on the final page of syllabus) referencing an issue of urban planning that is in controversy (e.g., for example the route of an oil pipeline).

Land Use Planning PUP 301: Introduction to Urban Planning Dr. Joochul Kim, Dr. Lauren Allsopp

Larry Kirch, AICP Director of Development Services

City of Apache Junction October 26, 2016

Today’s Overview

•Introduction - Previous involvement in Land Use Plans

•Levy Chapter 8 – The Comprehensive Plan • Levy Chapter 9 – Implementation Tools

•Comprehensive Planning Frameworks

•The Ideal Plan: Sustainable, Resiliency, Aging Communities, Planning and Health

Introduction - Previous Land Use/Comprehensive/General Plans Experience

• Treasure Coast Regional Planning Commission, Stuart, FL – Regional Planner • Regional Policy Plan

• Osceola County, Florida, Kissimmee, FL – Planner II • Intergovernmental Coordination Element

• Recreation and Open Space Element

• Lake County, Florida, Tavares, FL – Director of Comprehensive Planning • Comprehensive Plan Coordinator – County and 9 client cities

• City of La Crosse, WI – Director of Planning and Development • Confluence, The La Crosse Comprehensive Plan

Levy Chapter 8 - The Comprehensive Plan

• 8 Elements • Health,

• Public Safety,

• Circulation,

• Provision of Services and Facilities,

• Fiscal Health,

• Economic goals,

• Environmental Protection,

• Redistributive goals

• Process 1. Research,

2. Community goals and objectives,

3. Plan formulation,

4. Plan implementation,

5. Review and revision

Levy Chapter 8 – The Comprehensive Plan Levy Chapter 9 – The Tools of Land Use Planning

1. Research – Data Collection - (US Census, Economic Census), Inventories, Analysis, Synthesize into a report – GIS

2. Goals and Objectives – aspirations, community visioning, surveys, committee(s), public meetings, hearings, interactive sites, charrettes

3. Plan Formulation – Scenarios (no growth, rapid growth, infill and redevelopment, FLUM, other maps)

4. Plan Implementation (Levy Chapter 9 – zoning ordinance, city budget, capital improvements budget, subdivision regulations, design review, heritage preservation ordinances, State and Federal regs (wetlands, EIS)

5. Review and Revision Annual report to Council, 5-year evaluation reports, update every 10 years – best to follow US Decennial Census

6. Follow on Plans – (aka “A Plan to Plan”) Small Area Plans, Corridor Plans, Downtown Plans, Waterfront Plans, Neighborhood Plans, Annexation and Growth Area Plans

7. Amendments during 10 years - process

Comprehensive Plan Frameworks - Oregon, Hawaii Florida Growth Management Act – 1980s

• State Comprehensive Plan – Adopted in State Statute (25 Elements)

• Comprehensive Regional Policy Plans ( a la Treasure Coast RPC – 25 Elements) • Education, Children, Families, The Elderly, Housing, Health, Public Safety, Water

Resources, Coastal and Marine Resources, Natural Systems and Recreational Lands, Air Quality, Energy, Hazardous and Nonhazardous Materials and Waste, Mining, Property Rights, Land Use, Public Facilities, Cultural and Historical Resources, Transportation, Governmental Efficiency, The Economy, Agriculture, Employment, Plan Implementation

• City and County Plans – 11 Required Elements • Future Land Use, Traffic Circulation, Mass Transit, Aviation and Rails, Housing, Public

Facilities (Sanitary Sewer, Solid Waste, Storm Water Management, Potable Water, Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Elements), Conservation, Recreation and Open Space, Intergovernmental Coordination, Capital Improvements, Economic Evaluation.

Comprehensive Plan Frameworks Florida Growth Management Act – 1980s

• Consistency – zoning actions must be consistent with plan, and FLUM

• Concurrency – Impacts (infrastructure) from new development must be installed concurrent with the impacts

• FL Growth Management Act – • Coastal Counties and City plans due

in 1990, inland areas in 1991.

Lake County, FL Comprehensive Plan • Lake County decided to apply for

grant funds to prepare 9 municipal plans plus the County plan. Staff of 9 planners. • Two cities got out of the contract

when it looked like we couldn’t finish • 7 committees, plus the Plan

Commission to shepherd the plan • Finished the county plan on time and 2

city plans, other 5 done over the next several months

• Lake County – very complicated – Green Swamp Area of Critical State Concern, Wekiva River Protection Area, next to Disney, County Board wanted to plant Yankees instead of citrus

Comprehensive Plan Frameworks – Wisconsin

• By 2010, Counties, Cities, Villages, Towns required to prepare plans – given 10 years to comply. • State had grants, then $ dried up, then

legislators said that plans should not be required because there was no $

• State reviewed Plans (“room of plans”) • Cities could create their own plan or

combine with counties, other towns • Could have a plan with 40 jurisdictions in

the plan (Marathon County)

• Wisconsin has “Township” Government 1,300 towns

• Required Elements: -Issues and Opportunities -Housing, -Transportation -Utilities and Community Facilities -Agricultural, Natural and Cultural Resources -Economic Development -Intergovernmental Cooperation -Land Use -Implementation

Confluence: The La Crosse Comprehensive Plan, 2002

• 1st Plan since 1962

• Should have been updated in 2012,

506 pages

• 25 member committee

• Consultant did ½ of Plan, City staff did the other ½

Elements

• Introduction and Plan Summary

• Summary of Conditions and Issues

• Natural Resources

• Land Use

• Transportation

• Urban Design

• Parks, Recreation and Open Space

• Neighborhoods and Housing

• Public Utilities

• Community Facilities

• Economic Development

• Heritage Preservation

• Intergovernmental Coordination

• Plan Implementation

Comprehensive Plan Frameworks – Arizona • Counties and Municipalities (Cities and Towns) required to prepare

Comprehensive General plans • A.R.S. 9-461. 05 (A) Municipalities

• A.R.S. 11- 804 (A)

• Required Elements – Land Use, Circulation, • Other elements based on population of community

• 2,500 to 10,000 – Open space, growth area, environmental planning

• > 50,000 – 11 additional elements – Conservation, Recreation, Circulation, Public services and facilities, Public buildings, Housing, Conservation, Rehabilitation and Redevelopment, Safety, Bicycling, Energy, and Neighborhood Services

• Specific Plans – A.R.S. 9-461-08 (A) – “A detailed element of the general plan” – regulations determining location of infrastructure

Comprehensive Plan Frameworks – Arizona • Adoption of Plans –

1. Written procedures for public participation

2. Notices Public Hearings for the P&Z Commission and Council/Board

3. 60 day comment period for adoption or amendments to County, contiguous cities, regional planning agency, and Ariz Commerce Authority

4. Voter ratification at ballot box

• Consistency Requirement – All zoning and rezonings must be consistent

• Plan valid for 10 years

Apache Junction General Plan

• Adopted 2010 by vote

• Re-adopt by 2020 • Out of sync with US Decennial Census

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW ………………………. 5

CHAPTER 2: COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION ……………………………. 10

CHAPTER 3: COMMUNITY DEMOGRAPHICS ………………………….. 14

CHAPTER 4: LAND USE ELEMENT ………………………………………. 22

CHAPTER 5: CIRCULATION ELEMENT ………………………………….. 31

CHAPTER 6: GROWTH AREA ELEMENT ………………………………… 41

CHAPTER 7: ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING ELEMENT………………… 48

CHAPTER 8: COST OF DEVELOPMENT ELEMENT……………………… 57

CHAPTER 9: PARKS, RECREATION, AND OPEN SPACE ELEMENT…… 62

CHAPTER 10: WATER RESOURCES ELEMENT ………………………… 78

CHAPTER 11: PUBLIC SERVICES AND FACILITIES ELEMENT ………… 86

CHAPTER 12: HOUSING ELEMENT ……………………………………… 96

CHAPTER 13: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ELEMENT………………… 108

CHAPTER 14: ENERGY ELEMENT……………………………………….. 117

CHAPTER 15: AMENDING THE GENERAL PLAN………………………… 121

CHAPTER 16: IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM ………………………….. 127

GLOSSARY …………………………………………………………………….. 131

Smart Growth is an old term for Land Use Planning

• What is Smart Growth? • “Smart growth,” the guiding principle of this plan, aims to accommodate

development while protecting key resources, use land more efficiently, promote housing choice, reduce driving and promote walking bicycling and transit ridership. “Smart growth” also encourages cooperative working relationships among neighboring municipalities and various levels of government. A basic tenant of smart growth is that coordinated planning, across jurisdictional boundaries, can lead to more desirable development patterns and more efficient and effective delivery of public services.

Contemporary Land Use Planning

•Themes: Healthy Communities

Biodiversity Aging Friendly Communities Sustainability Resiliency

Contemporary Land Use Planning

• Edmonton, Alberta – Canada https://landusekn.ca/subject-area/nature-biodiversity

https://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/city_vision_and_strat egic_plan/the-way-we-grow-video.aspx

• San Antonio, Texas http://www.sacompplan.com/

http://www.sacompplan.com/app_pages/view/19

Land Use Planning and Health

• Auto-oriented development since 1950s – why we are here • The Option of Urbanism: Investing in a New American Dream by Christopher B.

Leinberger

• The Post-Automobile City: Legal Mechanisms to Establish the Pedestrian-Friendly City by James A. Kushner

• Old or new Land Use Planning Books don’t talk about Health in Comprehensive Plans

Observations

• Planning got its start in the early 1900s from public health issues (overcrowding, sanitation, pollution)

• 90-100 years later Public Health Professionals spearheaded the movement to link the built environment to chronic diseases

• Comprehensive Plans have evolved to include livability since the 1960s through the 1990s to those like La Crosse in 2002

• Modern plans will have Active Living Healthy Community as a matter of course, just like “Resiliency” is now all the rage

• See APA Publication: HEALTHY PLAN MAKING Integrating Health Into the Comprehensive Planning Process: An analysis of seven case studies and recommendations for change, Anna Ricklin, Nick Kushner Plan4Health

Observations • To do it right – 24 month process

• Original GIS – Ian McHarg

• “Everything old is new again”

Discussion/Questions

Contact info:

Larry Kirch, AICP

City of Apache Junction

Development Services Director

(480) 474-5082

[email protected]