		It created a culture based on gambling
		It allowed Roman engineers to practice making bigger and better structures
		It provided a way to keep people happy and distracted
		Sports were central to religious worship

2 points

Question 4

1. In what ways did the Hindu, Buddhist, and Confucian belief systems prevent exploration and conquest by powerful Chinese and Indian societies?

		These religions did not believe in money
		They put little emphasis on conquest or conversion
		Disruption by Huns and other tribes kept their focus internal
		The west had already explored the world

2 points

Question 5

1. How did Roman “democracy” during the Republic, and Athenian “democracy” differ?

		Athenians let all citizens vote while Rome let had Senators to represent the people.
		Roman government was built on the military while Athens was built on philosophy
		Athenians gave citizens a vote on laws but Roman laws were made by the Consuls.
		Since Rome borrowed most of Greek thoughts and philosophy, both governments were largely the same.

2 points

Question 6

1. What made the ancient civilization of the Egyptians so stable?

		Their religion gave the Egyptians a system of control
		The Nile River valley is surrounded by oceans and desert
		They maintained a powerful army at all times
		They had very little trade with the outside world

2 points

Question 7

1. What was the difference between the Mongol and the Muslim contributions to western society? What are some examples?

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10 points

Question 8

1. Why did the ancient civilization of the Indus Valley invent the “caste system”?

		To separate people between pure Indians and other groups
		To ensure that people were always under control
		The Hindu religion demanded it
		It was devised under the influence of the Greeks

2 points

Question 9

1. What were the two largest effects of the Neolithic Revolution on early societies?

		Religion and Warfare
		Cities and Trade
		Population Growth and New Social Roles
		Philosophy and Roads

2 points

Question 10

1. Why was the movement of Greek art from idealism to realism important to Western individualism?

		It depicted people and events as unique
		It made art more believable
		The Athenians made it law through democratic voting
		It was influenced by outside cultures

2 points

Question 11

1. What was the Buddhist and Hindu concept of “Karma”?

		The thought that “what goes around, comes around”
		The never-ending cycle of birth and rebirth
		That all actions must be reconciled until all was in balance
		The concept of civil justice

2 points

Question 12

1. What were “the Four Vedas”?

		A set of four beliefs that were critical to Hinduism
		A set of four oral traditions, eventually written down, that form the Hindu religious texts
		The primary four cities of the Indus Valley
		The collective name of the four river based civilizations

2 points

Question 13

1. What were the Caliphs? How did they determine the split in Muslim beliefs?

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10 points

Question 14

1. What was the Chinese concept of the “Mandate of Heaven”?

		A politico-religious belief demonstrating that a person held rule because of the consent of heaven
		The belief that China held a special place in heaven over any other peoples of the Earth.
		The idea that the will of the people was written in heaven by the gods
		A religious belief stating that people could not go to heaven unless they supported their ruler.

2 points

Question 15

1. How did Judaism demonstrate a Western individualism in its belief?

		Because it made everyone accountable to their king
		It believed in a savior or “messiah”
		It believed that God has a personal relationship with each person
		It created a strong society where each person had a distinct role

2 points

Question 16

1. What caused the rise of the first religions?

		As a way to explain events an uncertain world
		A method was needed to control people
		Because beliefs in god are central to civilization
		There needed to be a social rank between farmers and nobles

2 points

Question 17

1. What made Judaism unique in the ancient world?

		The Hebrews believed they were special
		The building of temples
		The belief in only one all-powerful God (monotheism)
		The Ten Commandments

2 points

Question 18

1. What were the advantages that India had in the creation of business systems?

		Location, location, location,
		Mathematics, location, and collectivist beliefs
		Advanced shipbuilding and cartography
		Use of western currency and ideas

2 points

Question 19

1. How did Europeans respond to Islamic control of the “Holy Land” and what was the effect?

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10 points

Question 20

1. When Rome fell in 410 CE, it was only in the west; the eastern Roman Empire lasted for another 1,000 years. What were they called?

		The Eastern Romans
		The Orthodox Church
		The Byzantines
		The Constantines

2 points

Question 21

1. What two civilizations are best understood by dividing their history into ruling dynasties?

		Maya and Rome
		Greece and Rome
		China and India
		Egypt and China

2 points

Question 22

1. How was writing important to the development of civilizations?

		It allowed thoughts and records to be transmitted over a distance
		It created more effective governments through writing the laws
		It allowed for more stable economies with a means for counting taxes and trade
		All of the above

2 points

Question 23

1. What did the Greek and Roman Epicureans believe was the primary path to truth?

		Harmony with Nature
		Pleasure
		Being less emotional
		Every truth is true with evidence

2 points

Question 24

1. What things did eastern religions have in common?

		A focus on ethical behavior
		Individual actions placed in context of the good of a group
		Stable belief system that survived political changes
		All of the above

2 points

Question 25

1. How did the “Black Plague” move from China through Asia to Europe?

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10 points

Question 26

1. What was Athenian Greek “Democracy”?

		All citizens could vote on laws for the city-state
		Citizens would vote for representatives that voted on laws for the city-state
		A system of two factions that would debate and vote on laws for the city-state
		A form of government where citizens distributed goods to other citizens

2 points

Question 27

1. Why were the early civilizations in Mesopotamia so unstable?

		They never mastered effective government
		The religion was corrupt
		Farming could not feed everyone
		The land was not defensible against invasion

2 points

Question 28

1. How did the Roman Empire ensure the spread and survival of Christianity and Judaism?

		Persecution, tolerance, and dispersion throughout the empire
		Making religious tolerance the law
		Pitting Christians and Jews against each other
		Forcing Christians and Jews to live in the countryside

2 points

Question 29

1. What was the “censor” in early Chinese governments?

		The person who made edits to royal laws and decrees
		A philosopher that held rulers accountable to the “All-Under-Heaven”
		A person who critiqued rulers to ensure their practices were good for society
		The person who made sure that all music and art was within government rules

2 points

Question 30

1. How did Western ideals spread from Greece throughout Asia

		A - From the distribution of the writing of Greek philosophers
		B - As a result of the conquests of Alexander the Great
		C - As a result of trade, communication, and colonization between Greece and the India, Asia, Africa, and Europe
		Both B and C

2 points

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