Week Two Assignment
Chapter 2
Exercises
1. Issuance of stock Prepare journal entries to record the issuance of 100,000 shares of common stock at $20 per share for each of the following independent cases:
a. Jackson Corporation has common stock with a par value of $1 per share.
b. Royal Corporation has no-par common with a stated value of $5 per share.
c. French Corporation has no-par common; no stated value has been assigned.
2. Stock subscriptions: Journal entries Investors recently subscribed to 5,000 shares of B&J Travel's $1 par-value common stock at $10 per share. During the year, the company received 80% of the balances due, which resulted in the issuance of 4,000 shares of stock.
a. Prepare journal entries to record 1) the subscriptions to investors. 2) the receipt of cash from subscribers. 3) the issuance of shares.
b. Determine the year-end balance in the Common Stock Subscribed account.
c. Determine the year-end balance in the Common Stock Subscriptions Receivable account.
3. Analysis of stockholders' equity Star Corporation issued both common and preferred stock during 20X6. The stockholders' equity sections of the company's balance sheets at the end of 20X6 and 20X5 follow:
|
|
20X6 |
20X5 |
|
Preferred stock, $100 par value, 10% |
$ 580,000 |
$ 500,000 |
|
Common stock, $10 par value |
2,350,000 |
1,750,000 |
|
Paid-in capital in excess of par value |
|
|
|
Preferred |
24,000 |
— |
|
Common |
4,620,000 |
3,600,000 |
|
Retained earnings |
8,470,000 |
6,920,000 |
|
Total stockholders' equity |
$16,044,000 |
$12,770,000 |
a. Compute the number of preferred shares that were issued during 20X6.
b. Calculate the average issue price of the common stock sold in 20X6.
c. By what amount did the company's paid-in capital increase during 20X6?
d. Did Star's total legal capital increase or decrease during 20X6? By what amount?
4. Preparation of stockholders' equity section The following data relate to LeMaster Corporation as of December 31, 20XX, the close of the current accounting period:
. Preferred stock—The company has 1,000 shares of $50 par-value cumulative preferred stock authorized. The stock pays a 10% dividend; to date, 400 shares have been issued at $55 per share.
. Common stock—A total of 25,000 shares of $1 stated-value common stock is authorized. To date, 10,000 shares have been issued at $10 per share, and an additional 3,000 shares have been subscribed to at $15 per share.
Assuming a retained earnings balance of $177,000, prepare the stockholders' equity section of LeMaster's December 31, 20XX balance sheet.
· Bond premium: Straight-line amortization Castillo Company issued $200,000 of 10% 4-year bonds on January 1, 20X1 for $216,000. The bonds pay interest semiannually on June 30 and December 31.
e. Prepare the required journal entry to record the bond issuance on January 1, 20X1.
e. Prepare entries to record the interest payment and premium amortization on June 30 and December 31, 20X1. Castillo uses the straight-line method of amortization.
e. Compute 20X1 bond interest expense.
e. Present the proper disclosure of the bond issue on Castillo's December 31, 20X1, balance sheet.
Problems
1. Bond computations: Straight-line amortization Southlake Corporation issued $900,000 of 8% bonds on March 1, 20X1. The bonds pay interest on March 1 and September 1 and mature in 10 years. Assume the independent cases that follow:
· Case A—The bonds are issued at 100.
· Case B—The bonds are issued at 96.
· Case C—The bonds are issued at 105.
Southlake uses the straight-line method of amortization.
Instructions Complete the following table:
|
|
|
Case A |
Case B |
Case C |
|
a. |
Cash inflow on the issuance date |
________ |
________ |
________ |
|
b. |
Total cash outflow throughmaturity |
________ |
________ |
________ |
|
c. |
Total borrowing cost over the life of the bond issue |
________ |
________ |
________ |
|
d. |
Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 20X1 |
________ |
________ |
________ |
|
e. |
Amortization for the year ended December 31, 20X1 |
________ |
________ |
________ |
|
f. |
Unamortized premium or unamoratized discount as of December 31, 20X1 if any |
________ |
________ |
________ |
|
g. |
Bond carrying value as of December 31, 20X1 |
________ |
________ |
________ |
2. Bonds: Journal entries, issuance through retirement On May 1, 20X1, American Housing Corporation issued $300,000 of 12%, 5-year bonds for $294,200 plus accrued interest. The bonds are dated March 1, 20X1, and pay semiannual interest on March 1 and September 1. American uses the straight-line method of amortization and will amortize the discount over the 58 months that the bonds are expected to be outstanding.
Instructions
b. Prepare journal entries to record (1) the bond issuance on May 1, 20X1; (2) the semiannual interest payment and discount amortization on September 1, 20X1; and (3) accrued interest and discount amortization on December 31, 20X1.
b. Compute total bond interest expense for 20X1.
b. Present the proper disclosure of the bond issue on American's December 31, 20X1, balance sheet.
b. Prepare journal entries to record the semiannual interest payment and discount amortization on March 1, 20X2.
b. Assume that the entire bond issue was called at 101, plus accrued interest, on July 1, 20X2. Prepare journal entries to record the bond retirement. Hint: Examine when amortization was last recorded.
1. Issuance of stock Ventures Inc. was formed on January 1 to invest in artwork. The company is authorized to issue 10,000 shares of $1 par-value common stock and 1,000 shares of 10%, $50 par-value cumulative preferred stock. The following selected transactions occurred during the first quarter ofoperation:
|
Jan. 3 |
Sold 5,000 shares of common stock to the corporation's founders at $30 per share. |
|
19 |
Sold 600 shares of preferred stock at $58 per share. |
|
Feb. 4 |
Issued 100 common shares to an attorney for $3,300 of legal work related to corporate start-up and formation. |
|
11 |
Issued 2,000 shares of common stock to Pierre LaTour in exchange for a painting appraised at $75,000. The art originally cost LaTour $30,000. |
1. Instructions
d. Prepare journal entries to record the company's transactions.
d. Prepare the stockholders' equity section of the firm's March 31 balance sheet. The Retained Earnings balance on this date totals $41,000.
d. The president of Ventures believes that organization costs should be expensed immediately. Briefly explain why the president's view is incorrect.
Chapter 3
Exercises
1. Product costs and period costs The costs that follow were extracted from the accounting records of several different manufacturers:
1. Weekly wages of an equipment maintenance worker
2. Marketing costs of a soft drink bottler
3. Cost of sheet metal in a Honda automobile
4. Cost of president's subscription to Fortune magazine
5. Monthly operating costs of pollution control equipment used in a steel mill
6. Weekly wages of a seamstress employed by a jeans maker
7. Cost of compact discs (CDs) for newly recorded releases of Rush, Billy Joel, and Bryan Adams
a. Determine which of these costs are product costs and which are period costs.
a. For the product costs only, determine those that are easily traced to the finished product and those that are not.
1. Definitions of manufacturing concepts Interstate Manufacturing produces brass fasteners and incurred the following costs for the year just ended:
|
Materials and supplies used |
|
|
Brass |
$ 75,000 |
|
Repair parts |
16,000 |
|
Machine lubricants |
9,000 |
|
Wages and salaries |
|
|
Machine operators |
128,000 |
|
Production supervisors |
64,000 |
|
Maintenance personnel |
41,000 |
|
Other factory overhead |
|
|
Variable |
35,000 |
|
Fixed |
46,000 |
|
Sales commissions |
20,000 |
1. Compute the following:
c. Total direct materials consumed
c. Total direct labor
c. Total prime cost
c. Total conversion cost
1. Understanding cost flows Executive Wares, which began business on January 1, 20X4, sells high-priced office accessories to executives. One of the company's products, catalog item No. 12, consists of a leather appointment book and a matching pen-and-pencil set—all assembled and packaged in a gift box by Executive Wares.
During 20X4, the firm purchased 8,000 20X5 appointment books from its supplier at $14 each. The following data are available as of June 30:
|
Appointment books issued to the Packaging |
|
|
Department from the storeroom |
6,500 |
|
Gift sets completed |
5,400 |
|
Completed gift sets in the warehouse |
2,200 |
|
Completed gift sets given to customers as samples |
20 |
If no errors or theft occurred during the period, determine the cost of the appointment books that would appear
d. in the company's (1) raw materials, (2) work in process, and (3) finished goods inventories as of June 30.
d. as cost of goods sold for the period ended June 30.
d. as an operating expense for the period ended June 30.
1. Basic manufacturing computations Lyon Manufacturing reported total manufacturing costs (direct materials used, direct labor, and factory overhead) of $549,000 for 20X3. Sales and operating expenses were $759,200 and $142,500, respectively. The following information appeared on company balance sheets:
|
|
For the Year Ended |
|
|
|
12/31/X3 |
12/31/X2 |
|
Finished goods |
$150,000 |
$153,700 |
|
Work in process |
86,400 |
74,100 |
1. Compute cost of goods manufactured, cost of goods sold, and net income for 20X3.
1. Schedule of cost of goods manufactured, income statement The following information was taken from the ledger of Jefferson Industries Inc.:
|
Direct labor |
$ 85,000 |
Administrative expenses |
$59,000 |
|
Selling expenses |
34,000 |
Work in. process |
|
|
Sales |
300,000 |
Jan. 1 |
29,000 |
|
Finished goods |
|
Dec. 31 |
21,000 |
|
Jan. 1 |
115,000 |
Direct material purchases |
88,000 |
|
Dec. 31 |
131,000 |
Depreciation: factory |
18,000 |
|
Raw (direct) materials |
|
Indirect materials used |
10,000 |
|
on hand |
|
Indirect labor |
24,000 |
|
Jan. 1 |
31,000 |
Factory taxes |
8,000 |
|
Dec. 31 |
40,000 |
Factory utilities |
11,000 |
1. Prepare the following:
h. A schedule of cost of goods manufactured for the year ended December 31
h. An income statement for the year ended December 31
1. Understanding cost behavior The planning department of Herzog Company has prepared budgets for three probable levels of operation for the upcoming year. Because of their significance, the following costs have been selected for study:
|
1. |
Level of activity (units) |
||||||
|
|
10,000 |
12,000 |
15,000 |
|
|||
|
|
Total |
Per unit |
Total |
Per unit |
Total |
Per unit |
|
|
Direct materials |
$ 90,000 |
$ 9.00 |
$108,000 |
$ 9.00 |
$135,000 |
$ 9.00 |
|
|
Direct labor |
120,000 |
12.00 |
144,000 |
12.00 |
180,000 |
12.00 |
|
|
Advertising |
300,000 |
30.00 |
300,000 |
25.00 |
300,000 |
20.00 |
|
|
Management |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salaries |
180,000 |
18.00 |
180,000 |
15.00 |
180,000 |
12.00 |
|
|
|
$690,000 |
$69.00 |
$732,000 |
$61.00 |
$795,000 |
$53.00 |
|
1. Addressing his executive staff, Herzog's president commented: "It's imperative that we implement cost-cutting programs to reduce advertising and management salaries. As shown by the per-unit costs, these variable expenditures are destroying our profit margins. Our fixed outlays of direct materials and direct labor (constant at $9.00 and $12.00 per unit, respectively) also need some improvement. I know our competitors are paying approximately $19.25 for these same two production factors."
1. Comment on the president's remarks.
Problems
1. Cost classification E. Turner & Sons manufactures barbecue grills. For each of the following costs, determine cost behavior (variable or fixed) and whether the cost is a product or a period cost. If a product cost, identify the cost as direct materials (DM), direct labor (DL), or factory overhead (FOH). Item (a) is presented as an example.
|
2. |
Cost |
Variable/fixed |
Product/period |
DM/DL/FOH |
|
a. |
Property taxes on the factory |
Fixed |
Product |
FOH |
|
b. |
Salary of the production supervisor |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
c. |
Freight costs on shipments to out-of-state customers |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
d. |
Wages of assembly personnel |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
e. |
Grill tops and frames |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
f. |
Straight-line depreciation on factory equipment |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
g. |
Paint used to touch up production scratches |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
h. |
Customer rebate offered on grill No. 301 |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
i. |
Heating costs for manufacturing facilities |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
j. |
Wheels attached to portable models |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
k. |
Fees paid for plant security |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
|
L |
Advertising costs for new product line |
___________ |
___________ |
___________ |
3. Straightforward manufacturing statements The following information was extracted from the accounting records of Olympic Company for the year just ended:
|
Sales |
$628,000 |
|
Work in process, Jan. 1 |
56,700 |
|
Advertising expense |
23,500 |
|
Direct material purchases |
231,500 |
|
Finished goods, Dec. 31 |
67,800 |
|
Indirect materials used |
12,300 |
|
Direct labor |
85,600 |
|
Direct materials, Jan. 1 |
45,500 |
|
Finished goods, Jan. 1 |
55,900 |
|
Direct materials, Dec. 31 |
38,200 |
|
Sales staff salaries |
33,300 |
|
Work in process, Dec. 31 |
47,400 |
|
Indirect labor |
50,700 |
4. Utilities, taxes, insurance, and depreciation are incurred jointly by Olympic's manufacturing, sales, and administrative facilities. The costs were as follows:
|
Utilities |
$40,000 |
|
Taxes |
25,000 |
|
Insurance |
10,000 |
|
Depreciation |
36,000 |
5. The first three costs are allocated proportionately on the basis of square feet occupied by the three functional areas. A review of the company's facilities revealed the following percentages would be appropriate: manufacturing, 50%; sales, 30%; and administrative, 20%. Depreciation is allocated 70, 20, and 10%, respectively.
6. Instructions
a. Prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured in good form.
b. Prepare an income statement in good form.
7. Manufacturing statements and cost behavior Tampa Foundry began operations during the current year, manufacturing various products for industrial use. One such product is light-gauge aluminum, which the company sells for $36 per roll. Cost information for the year just ended follows:
|
|
Variable cost per unit |
|
Fixed cost |
|
Direct materials |
$ 4.50 |
|
$ — |
|
Direct labor |
6.50 |
|
— |
|
Factory overhead |
9.00 |
|
50,000 |
|
Selling |
— |
|
70,000 |
|
Administrative |
— |
|
135,000 |
8. Production and sales totaled 20,000 rolls and 17,000 rolls, respectively. There is no work in process. Tampa carries its finished goods inventory at the average unit cost of production.
9. Instructions
a. Determine the cost of the finished goods inventory of light-gauge aluminum.
b. Prepare an income statement for the current year ended December 31.
c. On the basis of the information presented, answer the following questions:
1) Does it appear that the company pays commissions to its sales staff? Explain. 2) What is the likely effect on the $4.50 unit cost of direct materials if next year's production increases? Why?