History Power Point
maunakane1
assignment_1.pptxCivil War
Mike Jones
American Military University
November 6, 1860
President Abraham Lincoln, who had declared “Government cannot endure permanently half slave, half free…” is elected president, the first Republican, receiving 180 of 303 possible electoral votes and 40 percent of the popular vote.
President Lincoln won the presidential election without the support of any state in the south. President Lincoln’s election did not cause the Civil War,but the election was one of the primary reasons that the war broke out the year after the election.
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March 4, 1861
President Lincoln appealed for the preservation of the Union. To retain his support in the North without further alienating the South, he called for compromise. He promised he would not initiate force to maintain the Union or interfere with slavery in the states in which it already existed. Soon after, Lincoln received word that Fort Sumter, located in Charleston harbor, South Carolina, would have to be resupplied. The situation presented a problem, as tensions between the North and the South were very high. Resupplying the fort might inflame the situation because it was located in a slave-holding state. Yet Lincoln, in his inaugural address, had promised that the Union would not give up control of federal territory, such as Fort Sumter. The fort was resupplied, and Lincoln refused to evacuate it.
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April 12 1861
The Civil War had begun, and President Lincoln was thrust into the middle of one of the country’s greatest crises.
Firing on Fort Sumter from a contemporary illustration
Abraham Lincoln's election in November 1860 started the secession of the Southern States from the Union. One of the first state to leave was South Carolina. By the time of the convening of a constitutional convention to establish the Confederacy in February 1861, six other states had joined her. The Southern leaders who attended the convention expected a peaceful secession, but they did not think that their actions would cause a war. They were absolutely wrong. The didn't know that Fort Sumter lying in the harbor off the city of Charleston, South Carolina, would prove the point.
After secession from the Union, South Carolina was perceived as a sovereign state. President Lincoln felt that the voluntary abandonment of this fortress would not be a wise decision as it would be a tacit acknowledgment of South Carolina's independent status.
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April 12 1861 Cont.
The Civil War had begun, and President Lincoln was thrust into the middle of one of the country’s greatest crises.
President Abraham Lincoln found out that the garrison troops at Fort Sumter was in trouble on the day he took office in March 1861. The Fort was running out of food and supplies and had no way of getting more supplies on shore. President Linbcoln ordered a relief expedition to sail immediately and informed the Governor of South Carolina of his decision. Alerted, General P.G.T Beauregard, commander of the Confederate military forces, decided that he needed to quickly force the troops out of the fort before the relief expedition showed up. He would try to threaten them first and if these failed he would attack the fort until the soldiers occupying the fort gave up.
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April 17, 1861
The state of Virginia decided to leave the Union, within five weeks followed by Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina, forming an eleven state Confederacy with a population of 9 million, including nearly 4 million slaves. The Union will soon have 21 states and a population of over 20 million.
Map of Allegiances of the States - 1861
The Virginia,scceeded dated April 17, 1861 and declares that the bond between Virginia and the United States of America under the U.S. Constitution is dissolved. Delegates at the Virginia Convention of 1861 voted 88–55 to approve the ordinance on April 17 and a statewide referendum confirmed secession on May 23.
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July 21, 1861
Ruins of the Stone Bridge over which Northern forces retreated until it was blown up by a Rebel shell adding to the panic of the retreat, with the Federals returning to Washington as "a rain-soaked mob."
First Bull Run
The Union Army under Gen. Irving McDowell was defeated at Bull Run 25 miles southwest of Washington. Confederate Gen. Thomas J. Jackson was given the nickname “ Stonewall” as his brigade was able to withstand Union attacks. Union troops fell back to Washington. President Lincoln realizes the war will be a long war“its damned bad”, he comments.
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References
The First Shot of the Civil War: The Surrender of Fort Sumter, 1861" EyeWitness to History, https://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com (2006).
Abraham Lincoln's Inauguration. (n.d.). Retrieved January 22, 2017, https://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/civil/jb_civil_lincoln2_3.html
The US Civil War 1861-1865. (n.d.). Retrieved January 22, 2017, https://www.historyplace.com/civilwar
Virginia Ordinance of Secession April 17, 1861,
