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Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW 1

The study topic for this literature review revolves around the medical condition found in some kids known as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The kids with this disorder are faced with several challenges in their academic lives despite their high intellectual quotient (IQ). They are unable to focus in class, unable to organize their activities, very forgetful and, generate inconsistent efforts in their work according to Serrano (2015). These problems faced by the children exhibiting the ADHD symptoms cause stress among families as parents strive to get treatment for them.

The inconsistencies that come with the disorder require a family nursing care to help treat the children in accomplishing a normal brain functioning. The relevance of this research lies in the main problem that is posed on kids with a high potential but is unable to achieve it due to the disorder according to Brown et al (2011). The present research suggests that ADHD is caused by several combining factors that affect the brain functioning and distort the process of human behavior. The human brain is a sensitive organ that develops gradually in human beings from the infancy stage.

Family inheritance is among the largest causes of ADHD with parents of kids suffering from the disease found to be carrying a defective gene that contributes to the disorder. Intake of toxic substances also indicates a significant damage of the brain that results in the ADHD disorder. This was according to research that inspected the cases of mothers who smoke tobacco while they are still pregnant with their infants. An injury to the head of the child can also cause the syndrome as behavior regulation becomes a challenge and memory loss begins to be exhibited.

The causes of the disease are evidence based on Davies (2011) that biological factors do contribute to attention deficit and kids who suffer from self-regulation only proper require medical attention.

When children perform dismally in school, parents and teachers often blame it on the laziness of the kids without a prior examination of the real cause. The knowledge about ADHD is scarce in most of these cases and that is the first role of the nurses in managing and treating kids with the disease. Home and school interventions rely on availing the necessary knowledge to the teachers and parents who may opt to punish the kids for poor performance in their academics. The role of nurses is undermined in most academic institutions where cases of ADHD are approximated to exist undetected and undiagnosed.

School nurses have an essential role of working with teachers so that they are able to diagnose cases of ADHD in students before they negatively affect kids with them to the point of destroying their hopes. Children suffering from poor focus in class are likely to exhibit poor results in their exams and this is used in some institutions to identify kids with the disorder. Interventions are made to ensure the children’s performance is improved and proper treatment administered. In the case of Jeremiah, his parents were faced with stress due to the condition that they did not understand.

The everyday life of families with children affected by the disease comprise of challenging routines and lack of motivation during the performance. The kids exhibit low academic performance and a lack of concentration that causes them to be forgetful and in constant disagreements.

In the school, kids often make careless mistakes that land them in trouble without their intention. The disorder has a very negative impact on relationships and life with patients of ADHD is really difficult.

Public health nurses perceive the duty of identifying drug using adolescents in schools as their duty and their response varies based on individual qualities. There are those who choose to act on the issue of drug use that may cause malpractice in the behavior of students sending them into the ADHD condition. Research suggests that teachers, parents, and nurses require a collaborative approach in handling the diagnosed cases of ADHD for regulation apart from the initial self-regulation to be accomplished based on Korinek & Defur (2016). Medical interventions have been used in the collaborative treatment of ADHD where stimulants are used to activate the children and improve their performance in school once again.

In the process of recovery from ADHD, teachers identify and educate children in a special manner that helps them remember what they are taught. Nurses work together with the teachers in the collaborative program to facilitate the stimulation of the kid’s memory while parents offer the supportive home environment. Information about the kid’s progress during ADHD treatment is passed between the teachers and parents for a successful collaborative program.

The nurses play the most vital role in the treatment of ADHD and guide all the parties in their actions. It is claimed that nurses have the knowledge to guide the teachers in the detection of ADHD and also in treating the disorder during their day to day interventions based on AlAzzam et al (2016).

According to research, adolescents and kids with ADHD need more support than healthy kids for the sake of acquiring a normal livelihood. When normalcy is attained, kids who recover can go ahead and achieve their potential in life, free from Attention Disorder.

PICOT QUESTION: What will be the best treatment with a positive outcome within a year for Jeremiah, as compared to other patients with the same condition?

Literature Review Summary Table

Reference

AlAzzam, M., Suliman, M., & ALBashtawy, M. (2016). School Nurses' Role in Helping Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders. Retrieved December 15, 2016, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27194240

Brown, T. E., Reichel, P. C., & Quinlan, D. M. (2011). Executive function impairments in high IQ children and adolescents with ADHD. Open Journal of Psychiatry,01(02), 56-65. doi:10.4236/ojpsych.2011.12009

Davies, K. S. (2011). Formulating the Evidence-Based Practice Question: A Review of the Frameworks. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice,6(2), 75. doi:10.18438/b8ws5n

Korinek, L., & Defur, S. H. (2016). Supporting Student Self-Regulation to Access the General Education Curriculum. TEACHING Exceptional Children,48(5), 232-242. doi:10.1177/0040059915626134

Serrano, M. (2015). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Nursing Management. Retrieved December 15, 2016, from http://rnspeak.com/nursing-notes/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-nursing-management/