Report: Evaluation of a company.
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citing_that_writing.pptxCiting That Writing
Parenthetical Citations and Works Cited Pages for BUS 100W
“When in doubt, cite it out.”
Your BUS 100W Motto
Fear not! This PowerPoint will serve as a brief tutorial on citations
This guide is just the tip of the iceberg—for more detailed and thorough advice, come by office hours, consult an MLA handbook (available in the Rivera Library), or visit the Purdue University Online Writing Lab (the OWL)
Okay, great… how?
While other business courses typically use other citation formats, this course is, at heart, a writing course, and we’ll be using the format of choice for such courses: MLA
MLA format doesn’t emphasize year like APA does, so focus instead on author, page number, and title as the key information for your in-text citations
Why MLA?
The guiding principle for this class is that if it didn’t come out of your own head, it must be cited
Or even if it did come from your own head: if you use your work from an earlier paper on a later paper, you still need to cite it!
All material, whether directly quoted, paraphrased, or summarized, must be cited properly
It’s not just good policy from an academic standpoint, it’s also an opportunity to practice good ethics—give credit where credit is due
Citing and You
All material that you cite must be cited both in-text and in a Works Cited page
In-text citations let the reader see at a glance what thoughts are yours and what thoughts are supporting material drawn from another source
A Works Cited page lets the reader get the full picture on your sources, in case he or she wants to explore the topic further
While there are multiple ways to do in-text citations, the most common one for MLA (and for this class) is the parenthetical citation
Citing and You
In-text parenthetical citations:
Got an author and page number? Use this: (Smith 12)
Author but no page number? Use this: (Smith)
No author but an article title? Use this:
(“Water Supplies Drying Up” 12)
Multiple authors? No problem! Use this: (Smith and Waxley), (Smith, Dundee, and Waxley 13), or, for a piece with more than three authors, (Smith et. al)
Note that there is neither a comma nor a year in these examples
Parenthetical Citations
If you decide not to use parenthetical citations for your in-text references, that’s fine
Footnotes and endnotes would be acceptable as well—just make sure you are well-cited
For information on how to use them, consult the Purdue OWL website, given on the last slide of this PowerPoint
Keep in mind that SafeAssign sometimes “eats” formatting of footnotes and endnotes on some file types (*.docx in particular)
This is part of why I need a hard copy for grading!
Citations in General
In other citation formats, this might be called the Bibliography or Sources page—for MLA, it’s Works Cited
This comes at the very end of your paper and should be in the same font and style as the rest of your paper
Double-space everything on the page
Center the page title (Works Cited) on the first line
Alphabetize the entries
Entries longer than one line take a hanging indent
More about that a little later on in this PPT
The Works Cited Page
Basic MLA book entry:
For one author:
Last Name, First Name. Book Title. Publisher City: Publisher, Year. Print.
For two authors:
Last Name, First Name and First Name Last Name. Book Title. Publisher City: Publisher, Year. Print.
For three authors:
Last Name, First Name, First Name Last Name, and First Name Last Name. Book Title. Publisher City: Publisher, Year. Print.
The Works Cited Page
Basic MLA article entry:
Author and title:
Last Name, First Name. “Article Title.” Journal Title Volume number.Issue number (Year): Page range. Print.
Smith, John. “Humor in Education.” Journal of Improvisation. 2.1 (2014): 66-72. Print.
For electronic articles, you may or may not have a volume number, an issue number, or a page range, and use “Web” instead of “Print,” in addition to other modifications
The Works Cited Page
Works Cited should be at the top of the page, centered, in the same size font as the rest of the paper
Do not bold, underline, or italicize it
The Works Cited Page
Alphabetize your sources by author, or, if there is no author, by title of the work in question
The Works Cited Page
Indent the second and successive lines by ½” using the “hanging indent” function in Word.
This is needed if the entry is longer than one line
Note the difference between entries 1-3 and 4-8
The Works Cited Page
The Works Cited Page
Here is a brief tutorial on how to make the hanging indent happen:
This is a sample Works Cited page before formatting. Note how many sources take up multiple lines.
The Works Cited Page
Highlight your sources, then open the Paragraph window through either the ribbon at the top of the screen or by right-clicking your highlighted material and selecting “Paragraph” from the options listed.
The Works Cited Page
Under Indentation, select Hanging from the “Special” drop-down menu.
It will automatically insert 0.5” into the box labeled “By”—don’t change this number. This will indent the second and successive lines for each entry.
Click okay—your end result should look like the image on the next slide.
The Works Cited Page
Here is a finished page:
Note the way in which Works Cited is centered, the hanging indent, the alphabetization, and the lack of URLs.
Pieces without authors use the title for alphabetization (like entry #4).
If you have two or more pieces by the same author, as is the case with Lisa Lau, use three dashes and a period to replace the author’s name in all entries after the first, and alphabetize by the piece’s title.
And that’s it! Remember, if you have questions, visit the Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab) for more information on MLA formatting
http://owl.english.purdue.edu /
You can also always email me with questions—that’s what I’m here for!
To Conclude…
Material discussed here was either mentioned in lecture or was drawn from my personal writing experience. For specifics, come see me.
