DUE IN ONE HOUR!!! ANTH homework easy 11 questions

· There are five (5) common patterns seen among societies across the globe.

1. PATRILOCAL

a. Most common-70% of all societies practice

b. Married couple lives in locality associated with the husband’s father’s relatives.

c. Highly associated with patrilineal societies

· Bride is forced to move from both her natal household and all of her relatives she has known her entire life.

d. In traditional China

· The mother in-law treats the new bride harshly.

· But the bride still must treat her respectfully.

· Wife’s status improves when she bears a son.

· Mother works hard to establish good rapport with her son.

· When her son marrieshe brings home a new bride.

· Now mother and bride are competing for his affection.

· Therefore, new bride is driving wedge between him & his mother and eroding what the mother has worked so hard to build.

e. Bride price=bride wealth –is common

· Defined as payment/gifts from groom’s family to bride’s kin.

· Why is this necessary? To compensate for the loss of the bride

i. Losing her labor

ii. Losing her ability to produce offspring for her patrilineage. (Recall that in patrilineal societies, a woman makes babies for her husband’s patrilineage.

iii. This is why bride price is also referred to progeny price.

· Can you guess what form of bride price is used among the Nuer?

· In some societies, the size of the lip disc the female wears determines the amount of bride price required. The bigger the disc, the larger the amount of bride wealth she can command.

· How many cows (in bride price) do you think her lip disc is worth?

75

2. MATRILOCAL

a. Couple live in wife’s community

b. Highly associated with matrilineal descent

c. Male kin are dispersed and imported

d. In addition to the examples of matrilineal societies discussed in a previous lesson, another ex- Khasi

· In Northwestern India http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/meghalaya/districts/west-khasi-hills.html#

· One of largest surviving matrilineal/matrilocal societies

· One Khasi male said that if he marries, he will have to live with his mother-in-law and be her servant.

3. AVUNCULOCAL

a. Newlyweds live with (or near) the groom’s mother’s brother (maternal uncul)

b. Did you notice that I emphasized (above) the uncul part of avunculocal?

c. Ex: Trobrianders

· Males are chiefs

· Hereditary position

· Who will be next chief in this matrilineal society? Not his son but his sister’s son (groom), a male of his matrilineage.

d. Practiced in matrilineal societies

e. Rarest-only 4% of all societies practice this form of residence.

4. AMBILOCAL

a. Couples have the option of following patrilocal or matrilocal residence.

b. Offers flexibility – to go where there are more resourses.

· Which type of societies would require this type of flexibility?

Food foragers- like the !Kung.

· Actually !Kung are allowed to live anywhere there is kin.

· Also, all people with the same first name are considered kin. It shouldn’t be a big surprise that the range of names given to offspring isn’t great. Therefore, just about any place !Kung go, there will be kin.

c. Bride service is a common practice.

· This is when groom moves to bride’s family’s camp to provide his labor.

· Perhaps you recall in the video shown in class, short face’s husband moved to her camp to hunt for her family in bride service.

5. NEOLOCAL

a. Newlyweds move to their own, new, separate location.

b. This should sound familiar-most common pattern seen in U.S.

c. But not most common in world. Only 5% of societies use.

d. Practiced where independence of nuclear family fostered.

We will discuss the nuclear family in class in the lesson Families & Households.