History Final Paper

The Printing Technology History 5

The Printing Technology History

HIST 125 7980 Technological Transformations

The Printing Technology History

The world has experienced great changes and technological innovations in the printing field in the past centuries. These innovations have been witnessed in different parts of the world especially China, Europe and Russia where people from the same regions came up with different forms of printings to convey messages and information. The printings included the scrolls, stone arts, and clay arts, bronze and metal arts which were used for official and religious use in these regions to help in communicating some important information (Eisenstein, 1980). These printings resulted to various impacts being experienced by people in the involved places especially the believers and the artisans who were affected socially, economically and culturally to some extent. The impacts spread to wider regions of the world and the changes brought are still evident in the current state of the world and is as discussed below.

The first printings which were used in China in the AD 765 were the carvings of the six classics on the Confucians stones and this was majorly ordered by the emperor for his messages to be conveyed to other emperors. However, due to this type of printing being expensive, the Buddhists opted for paper carvings which were rubbed and graphite charcoal used to put the letters and words in paintings to show the message which was being conveyed. This resulted to some great impacts which believers and the artisans experiencing. The religious leaders in this case the Buddhists found it easy to influence more people in to this religion as the printings mostly entailed the religious messages. People from different places were able to get this information about Buddhism religion and were converted as a result of them being influenced by the beauty and the message of the printing (Mowery, & Rosenberg, 1999). The individuals being converted to the religion resulted to some changes in their social interactions, culture and economy where they changed their ways to accommodate the new religion. The mode of dressing, their job types and also how they were interacting with other people who were Buddhist or non-Buddhist also changed to fit what the religion dictated. Beside this the artisans experienced impacts which include the printings which they were a source of income to them and they came out as wealthy merchants of high class individuals. This made them change their mode of dressing, their social interactions and also their economic status to fit their high class demands in the specific period.

Beside this, in 868 AD the invention of the scrolls came into existence for the Chinese and the Korean individuals as a form of printing of passing information. This involved them uniting several papers at their edges to form a scroll which was of big size. The printings were majorly for religious purpose and they helped in spreading several religions in the region. Prayers were printed by artisans in these scrolls and other religious messages to facilitate the spread of the beliefs to enhance religious prosperity in the involved regions. Hence this form of printings technology was essential with the believers and the artisans groups in enhancing their different aspects of life (Mowery, & Rosenberg, 1999).

However the printing technology took another dimension in the 10th century where wood were used as a form of printings either for images or text. The woods were cut into different letters to be arranged for the information to be read and understood. The Chinese also made wood blocks and the Confucians for official and religious use. However in the 11th century, the movable forms of letters for printing were invented to enhance the information conveying. The movable letter characters were arranged in different order to convey a message and again they were arranged in other forms to convey another different message for the involved individuals (Lamoreaux, & Sokoloff, 1999). The Chinese characters were fragile because they were made from clay only fire strengthening them hence sometimes they could not reach far to pass the information. However, the Korean used the bronze characters which were hard to break and helped to distribute more information. The believers were able to get the information regarding the religion inform of prayers and encouragements to pursue with the type of the religion and hence they changed to be deeply rooted in the religion. The artisans continued to change their economic, socially and culturally status to fit their levels after earning more from their artworks.

In the 1450, Gutenberg made another invention in the printing technology which also impacted the believers and the artisans (Mowery, & Rosenberg, 1999). Gutenberg made the metal characters which were to be arranged in an orderly manner and ink spread in them where they would make proper words for complete information. this was an efficient form of printing which artisans borrow as it was spreading very first and also the Latin Bible used this from of printing to be established and hence impacted many a believer to the new Christianity religion.

In conclusion, the printing has experienced different form of technological innovations up to the modern technologies of printings which include use of computers. The initial printings which include the scrolls, wood, metal and stones arts were the basic for the modern printings and they led to vivid impacts to the artisans and believers in the past times in their social, cultural and economic status as explained above.

References

Lamoreaux, N. R., & Sokoloff, K. L. (1999). Inventors, firms, and the market for technology in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In Learning by doing in markets, firms, and countries (pp. 19-60). University of Chicago Press.

Eisenstein, E. L. (1980). The printing press as an agent of change (Vol. 1). Cambridge University Press.

Mowery, D. C., & Rosenberg, N. (1999). Paths of innovation: Technological change in 20th-century America. Cambridge University Press.

Grade 84%

You did a fantastic job of tracing the transformation of printing technology. 

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