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Exhibit 8.D: Ten Major Factors to Consider When Choosing Instructional Techniques

Factor 1: Learning objectives

Is the focus of the objectives acquiring new knowledge, enhancing cognitive skills, developing psychomotor skills, strengthening problem-solving and problem-finding capabilities, or changing attitudes, values, or feelings?

Factor 2: Instructors

Are instructors capable of using the techniques, and do they feel comfortable doing so?

Factor 3: Learners

How many learners are involved?

What are the characteristics of these learners?

What are their cultural backgrounds?

What expectations do the learners have in terms of the techniques to be used?

Do the participants have the background and experience to use these techniques, and if not, how can instructors assist participants to learn how to use these techniques?

Factor 4: Context

How does the learning environment influence the usefulness and appropriateness of the instructional techniques?

Can the learning context enhance the use of the techniques chosen?

How might you adapt the techniques so they better fit the learning context?

Factor 5: Transfer of learning

Do the techniques promote the transfer of learning process?

What techniques have the greatest potential for simulating the context in which the learning will be applied?

Factor 6: Content

Is the content abstract or concrete?

What is the level of complexity and comprehensiveness of the material?

Factor 7: Technique Characteristics

What can realistically be done with the techniques?

How difficult are the techniques to use?

What kind of time is needed to use the techniques effectively?

Factor 8: Variety

Are there plans to use a variety of techniques that take into account the various backgrounds and experiences of the learners and the different ways they process information?

Factor 9: Logistical constraints

Are the costs, if any, associated with the techniques chosen realistic?

Are the space, equipment, or materials necessary to use the techniques readily available?

Factor 10: Time

Are techniques being used that fit into the time frame allotted (e.g., is there too little or too much time available)?

Planning Programs for Adult Learners: A Practical Guide by Rosemary S. Caffarella and Sandra Ratcliff Daffron. Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.