CIS needed to be done by next 30 minutes

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Education.xlsx contents
Educational attainment for workers 25 years and older by detailed occupation, 2012-13
Education and training assignments by detailed occupation, 2014
Employment, wages, and projected change in employment by typical entry-level education

Attainment

Table 1.11 Educational attainment for workers 25 years and older by detailed occupation, 2012-13 (Percent distribution)
2014 National Employment Matrix title and code Less than high school diploma High school diploma or equivalent Some college, no degree Associate's degree Bachelor's degree Master's degree Doctoral or professional degree
Total, all occupations 00-0000 8.9 24.6 21.7 9.3 22.1 9.4 4.1
Chief executives(1) 11-1011 1.5 9.2 15.2 5.3 40.3 21.3 7.2
General and operations managers 11-1021 2.1 14.6 23.6 8.1 35.3 13.6 2.8
Legislators(1) 11-1031 1.5 9.2 15.2 5.3 40.3 21.3 7.2
Advertising and promotions managers 11-2011 1.3 4.5 10.0 5.4 64.7 12.7 1.4
Marketing managers(1) 11-2021 1.0 8.1 16.1 6.4 50.1 16.8 1.5
Sales managers(1) 11-2022 1.0 8.1 16.1 6.4 50.1 16.8 1.5
Public relations and fundraising managers 11-2031 0.0 3.2 6.2 5.0 53.7 27.3 4.5
Administrative services managers 11-3011 2.2 16.7 29.2 12.8 27.7 10.2 1.2
Computer and information systems managers 11-3021 0.4 4.1 14.8 7.8 46.6 24.1 2.2
Financial managers 11-3031 1.0 10.7 19.0 7.1 40.8 18.8 2.5
Industrial production managers 11-3051 3.3 18.7 23.5 9.2 31.8 12.2 1.3
Purchasing managers 11-3061 1.2 11.1 18.4 7.8 40.8 17.9 2.8
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 11-3071 5.5 29.7 25.6 8.9 22.4 7.5 0.5
Compensation and benefits managers 11-3111 0.0 4.9 19.7 7.6 44.9 19.0 3.8
Human resources managers 11-3121 2.2 12.9 20.8 7.9 34.8 19.0 2.4
Training and development managers 11-3131 0.5 5.5 17.0 9.4 41.1 23.4 3.1
Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers 11-9013 12.0 36.9 19.8 9.1 18.3 3.0 0.9
Construction managers 11-9021 6.9 26.3 24.3 8.5 27.9 5.3 0.8
Education administrators, preschool and childcare center/program(1) 11-9031 0.7 4.6 8.0 5.0 23.5 44.8 13.2
Education administrators, elementary and secondary school(1) 11-9032 0.7 4.6 8.0 5.0 23.5 44.8 13.2
Education administrators, postsecondary(1) 11-9033 0.7 4.6 8.0 5.0 23.5 44.8 13.2
Education administrators, all other(1) 11-9039 0.7 4.6 8.0 5.0 23.5 44.8 13.2
Architectural and engineering managers 11-9041 0.3 3.9 6.9 4.3 46.0 33.4 5.2
Food service managers 11-9051 9.7 28.7 28.1 9.6 20.2 3.2 0.6
Funeral service managers(1) 11-9061 2.7 14.4 19.0 8.0 35.1 17.2 3.6
Gaming managers 11-9071 8.2 28.6 29.4 10.4 18.7 4.5 0.2
Lodging managers 11-9081 5.0 18.8 24.1 9.3 33.2 7.8 1.9
Medical and health services managers 11-9111 0.9 7.8 15.3 12.2 32.0 23.8 8.0
Natural sciences managers 11-9121 0.6 1.4 4.0 2.3 33.2 31.4 27.2
Postmasters and mail superintendents(1) 11-9131 2.7 14.4 19.0 8.0 35.1 17.2 3.6
Property, real estate, and community association managers 11-9141 4.7 19.2 28.1 8.6 29.0 8.2 2.2
Social and community service managers 11-9151 1.4 8.1 14.5 6.4 37.5 27.5 4.6
Emergency management directors 11-9161 1.0 5.3 18.4 15.9 32.6 23.7 3.0
Managers, all other(1) 11-9199 2.7 14.4 19.0 8.0 35.1 17.2 3.6
Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes 13-1011 0.9 9.3 20.8 9.0 46.2 9.4 4.4
Buyers and purchasing agents, farm products 13-1021 13.4 28.7 20.2 5.5 25.2 6.3 0.6
Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products 13-1022 4.4 23.8 26.8 9.9 30.7 4.1 0.4
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products 13-1023 1.9 18.0 25.7 10.8 33.4 9.7 0.5
Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators(1) 13-1031 0.6 16.5 25.1 9.5 39.8 6.6 1.9
Insurance appraisers, auto damage(1) 13-1032 0.6 16.5 25.1 9.5 39.8 6.6 1.9
Compliance officers 13-1041 1.1 9.8 18.4 9.9 39.4 15.9 5.4
Cost estimators 13-1051 3.7 23.0 29.3 11.5 28.0 3.9 0.5
Human resources specialists(1) 13-1071 0.9 10.1 19.9 8.6 42.6 15.5 2.3
Farm labor contractors(1) 13-1074 0.9 10.1 19.9 8.6 42.6 15.5 2.3
Labor relations specialists(1) 13-1075 0.9 10.1 19.9 8.6 42.6 15.5 2.3
Logisticians 13-1081 1.4 15.3 27.5 11.3 33.3 10.0 1.0
Management analysts 13-1111 0.5 4.9 12.4 5.1 41.0 29.0 7.2
Meeting, convention, and event planners 13-1121 1.5 8.5 18.5 8.6 50.7 10.7 1.5
Fundraisers 13-1131 1.5 3.2 8.6 2.6 48.5 30.3 5.3
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists 13-1141 0.9 11.2 22.5 10.5 41.0 12.2 1.5
Training and development specialists 13-1151 1.5 12.8 23.7 10.0 33.9 16.2 1.8
Market research analysts and marketing specialists 13-1161 0.7 3.9 10.6 4.9 53.9 23.0 3.1
Business operations specialists, all other 13-1199 1.7 10.1 18.1 9.8 39.0 17.3 4.0
Accountants and auditors 13-2011 0.2 4.2 8.0 9.1 55.3 20.5 2.7
Appraisers and assessors of real estate 13-2021 0.9 11.7 25.4 9.3 41.7 8.1 2.9
Budget analysts 13-2031 0.4 4.0 15.2 6.8 46.4 26.1 1.1
Credit analysts 13-2041 1.0 9.9 21.6 7.0 44.1 15.3 1.1
Financial analysts 13-2051 0.2 2.7 8.0 3.0 45.3 35.6 5.2
Personal financial advisors 13-2052 0.3 3.4 11.5 4.7 52.7 22.0 5.4
Insurance underwriters 13-2053 0.3 15.0 22.0 7.4 45.7 7.8 1.9
Financial examiners 13-2061 0.7 2.6 13.0 4.4 57.9 19.4 2.1
Credit counselors(1) 13-2071 0.6 13.3 24.3 9.5 41.4 9.7 1.1
Loan officers(1) 13-2072 0.6 13.3 24.3 9.5 41.4 9.7 1.1
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents 13-2081 1.2 18.4 26.1 8.9 33.9 10.2 1.3
Tax preparers 13-2082 1.3 13.4 24.0 9.8 34.3 12.4 4.9
Financial specialists, all other 13-2099 1.2 10.4 16.6 8.7 37.7 22.9 2.6
Computer and information research scientists 15-1111 0.0 1.1 4.7 2.1 38.3 28.0 25.9
Computer systems analysts 15-1121 0.5 4.1 14.5 8.2 48.1 22.1 2.5
Information security analysts 15-1122 0.8 5.5 18.7 8.9 44.6 20.2 1.4
Computer programmers 15-1131 0.7 4.7 13.1 9.7 49.7 19.6 2.5
Software developers, applications(1) 15-1132 0.4 2.2 8.3 4.8 49.8 30.6 4.0
Software developers, systems software(1) 15-1133 0.4 2.2 8.3 4.8 49.8 30.6 4.0
Web developers 15-1134 0.5 4.3 17.3 9.9 52.3 14.6 1.2
Database administrators 15-1141 1.0 5.3 13.8 8.8 47.3 21.5 2.4
Network and computer systems administrators 15-1142 0.7 7.5 23.2 16.3 40.0 11.1 1.2
Computer network architects 15-1143 0.2 5.4 23.3 13.7 40.4 15.8 1.2
Computer user support specialists(1) 15-1151 0.7 11.1 28.0 17.2 34.2 8.0 0.8
Computer network support specialists(1) 15-1152 0.7 11.1 28.0 17.2 34.2 8.0 0.8
Computer occupations, all other 15-1199 0.7 8.1 22.4 14.5 38.8 14.4 1.2
Actuaries 15-2011 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0 61.3 23.9 13.3
Mathematicians(1) 15-2021 0.0 0.1 4.8 2.9 30.1 42.8 19.3
Operations research analysts 15-2031 0.6 5.0 16.6 6.8 40.7 26.3 4.0
Statisticians(1) 15-2041 0.0 0.1 4.8 2.9 30.1 42.8 19.3
Mathematical technicians(1) 15-2091 0.0 0.1 4.8 2.9 30.1 42.8 19.3
Mathematical science occupations, all other(1) 15-2099 0.0 0.1 4.8 2.9 30.1 42.8 19.3
Architects, except landscape and naval(1) 17-1011 0.1 1.3 4.6 4.7 49.1 31.9 8.2
Landscape architects(1) 17-1012 0.1 1.3 4.6 4.7 49.1 31.9 8.2
Cartographers and photogrammetrists(1) 17-1021 0.2 0.1 12.3 8.1 60.5 15.0 3.8
Surveyors(1) 17-1022 0.2 0.1 12.3 8.1 60.5 15.0 3.8
Aerospace engineers 17-2011 0.1 2.3 6.5 5.2 48.1 32.7 5.1
Agricultural engineers(1) 17-2021 0.0 2.1 4.1 11.7 53.3 20.8 8.0
Biomedical engineers(1) 17-2031 0.0 2.1 4.1 11.7 53.3 20.8 8.0
Chemical engineers 17-2041 0.2 3.8 5.0 4.1 58.8 20.7 7.4
Civil engineers 17-2051 0.1 2.3 6.2 4.7 56.9 25.7 4.0
Computer hardware engineers 17-2061 0.0 5.3 10.3 9.2 43.0 25.5 6.7
Electrical engineers(1) 17-2071 0.1 3.0 7.0 8.4 49.1 25.6 6.7
Electronics engineers, except computer(1) 17-2072 0.1 3.0 7.0 8.4 49.1 25.6 6.7
Environmental engineers 17-2081 0.4 5.3 3.7 2.7 53.3 28.7 5.9
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors(1) 17-2111 0.1 5.8 11.7 9.6 52.4 18.4 2.0
Industrial engineers(1) 17-2112 0.1 5.8 11.7 9.6 52.4 18.4 2.0
Marine engineers and naval architects 17-2121 0.0 10.0 9.8 6.1 55.0 16.8 2.4
Materials engineers 17-2131 0.0 5.1 10.6 10.4 48.3 19.2 6.3
Mechanical engineers 17-2141 0.1 4.5 10.1 10.3 51.6 20.4 3.1
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers(1) 17-2151 0.2 5.9 6.4 4.9 56.3 21.5 4.7
Nuclear engineers(1) 17-2161 0.2 2.2 7.6 6.7 48.1 28.0 7.3
Petroleum engineers(1) 17-2171 0.2 5.9 6.4 4.9 56.3 21.5 4.7
Engineers, all other(1) 17-2199 0.2 2.2 7.6 6.7 48.1 28.0 7.3
Architectural and civil drafters(1) 17-3011 1.2 10.2 28.4 33.2 21.8 3.9 1.3
Electrical and electronics drafters(1) 17-3012 1.2 10.2 28.4 33.2 21.8 3.9 1.3
Mechanical drafters(1) 17-3013 1.2 10.2 28.4 33.2 21.8 3.9 1.3
Drafters, all other(1) 17-3019 1.2 10.2 28.4 33.2 21.8 3.9 1.3
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians(1) 17-3021 4.0 22.6 33.5 21.6 15.2 2.6 0.5
Civil engineering technicians(1) 17-3022 4.0 22.6 33.5 21.6 15.2 2.6 0.5
Electrical and electronics engineering technicians(1) 17-3023 4.0 22.6 33.5 21.6 15.2 2.6 0.5
Electro-mechanical technicians(1) 17-3024 4.0 22.6 33.5 21.6 15.2 2.6 0.5
Environmental engineering technicians(1) 17-3025 4.0 22.6 33.5 21.6 15.2 2.6 0.5
Industrial engineering technicians(1) 17-3026 4.0 22.6 33.5 21.6 15.2 2.6 0.5
Mechanical engineering technicians(1) 17-3027 4.0 22.6 33.5 21.6 15.2 2.6 0.5
Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other(1) 17-3029 4.0 22.6 33.5 21.6 15.2 2.6 0.5
Surveying and mapping technicians 17-3031 4.5 26.5 37.9 20.6 9.3 1.2 0.1
Animal scientists(1) 19-1011 0.0 0.2 10.9 8.0 45.8 21.0 14.2
Food scientists and technologists(1) 19-1012 0.0 0.2 10.9 8.0 45.8 21.0 14.2
Soil and plant scientists(1) 19-1013 0.0 0.2 10.9 8.0 45.8 21.0 14.2
Biochemists and biophysicists(1) 19-1021 0.1 0.2 2.1 2.2 43.8 32.0 19.6
Microbiologists(1) 19-1022 0.1 0.2 2.1 2.2 43.8 32.0 19.6
Zoologists and wildlife biologists(1) 19-1023 0.1 0.2 2.1 2.2 43.8 32.0 19.6
Biological scientists, all other(1) 19-1029 0.1 0.2 2.1 2.2 43.8 32.0 19.6
Conservation scientists(1) 19-1031 0.6 0.7 8.7 8.9 58.0 19.1 3.9
Foresters(1) 19-1032 0.6 0.7 8.7 8.9 58.0 19.1 3.9
Epidemiologists(1) 19-1041 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.5 7.5 28.9 61.7
Medical scientists, except epidemiologists(1) 19-1042 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.5 7.5 28.9 61.7
Life scientists, all other(1) 19-1099 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.5 7.5 28.9 61.7
Astronomers(1) 19-2011 0.4 0.1 3.0 2.2 22.2 16.0 56.3
Physicists(1) 19-2012 0.4 0.1 3.0 2.2 22.2 16.0 56.3
Atmospheric and space scientists 19-2021 0.0 0.0 10.2 9.2 44.7 24.7 11.1
Chemists(1) 19-2031 0.1 0.3 2.7 4.4 54.3 19.7 18.4
Materials scientists(1) 19-2032 0.1 0.3 2.7 4.4 54.3 19.7 18.4
Environmental scientists and specialists, including health(1) 19-2041 0.3 0.0 4.1 2.3 47.1 36.8 9.4
Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers(1) 19-2042 0.3 0.0 4.1 2.3 47.1 36.8 9.4
Hydrologists(1) 19-2043 0.3 0.0 4.1 2.3 47.1 36.8 9.4
Physical scientists, all other 19-2099 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.8 25.7 22.1 50.4
Economists 19-3011 0.8 0.0 0.6 0.2 25.6 37.2 35.7
Survey researchers(1) 19-3022 0.2 0.3 4.8 3.9 36.8 37.0 17.0
Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists(1) 19-3031 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 5.6 44.3 49.3
Industrial-organizational psychologists(1) 19-3032 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 5.6 44.3 49.3
Psychologists, all other(1) 19-3039 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 5.6 44.3 49.3
Sociologists(1) 19-3041 0.2 0.3 4.8 3.9 36.8 37.0 17.0
Urban and regional planners 19-3051 0.0 1.4 4.3 1.7 37.0 50.6 4.9
Anthropologists and archeologists(1) 19-3091 0.2 0.3 4.8 3.9 36.8 37.0 17.0
Geographers(1) 19-3092 0.2 0.3 4.8 3.9 36.8 37.0 17.0
Historians(1) 19-3093 0.2 0.3 4.8 3.9 36.8 37.0 17.0
Political scientists(1) 19-3094 0.2 0.3 4.8 3.9 36.8 37.0 17.0
Social scientists and related workers, all other(1) 19-3099 0.2 0.3 4.8 3.9 36.8 37.0 17.0
Agricultural and food science technicians 19-4011 8.6 29.0 25.8 10.5 22.1 3.3 0.7
Biological technicians 19-4021 1.4 17.1 21.0 9.4 36.3 7.4 7.4
Chemical technicians 19-4031 3.9 22.7 23.7 12.1 27.5 6.8 3.3
Geological and petroleum technicians(1) 19-4041 2.9 28.6 25.0 13.1 24.7 5.0 0.8
Nuclear technicians(1) 19-4051 2.9 28.6 25.0 13.1 24.7 5.0 0.8
Social science research assistants(1) 19-4061 2.1 16.2 22.8 11.1 32.5 10.0 5.5
Environmental science and protection technicians, including health(1) 19-4091 2.1 16.2 22.8 11.1 32.5 10.0 5.5
Forensic science technicians(1) 19-4092 2.1 16.2 22.8 11.1 32.5 10.0 5.5
Forest and conservation technicians(1) 19-4093 2.1 16.2 22.8 11.1 32.5 10.0 5.5
Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other(1) 19-4099 2.1 16.2 22.8 11.1 32.5 10.0 5.5
Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors(1) 21-1011 1.0 5.0 10.1 5.4 25.1 48.0 5.4
Educational, guidance, school, and vocational counselors(1) 21-1012 1.0 5.0 10.1 5.4 25.1 48.0 5.4
Marriage and family therapists(1) 21-1013 1.0 5.0 10.1 5.4 25.1 48.0 5.4
Mental health counselors(1) 21-1014 1.0 5.0 10.1 5.4 25.1 48.0 5.4
Rehabilitation counselors(1) 21-1015 1.0 5.0 10.1 5.4 25.1 48.0 5.4
Counselors, all other(1) 21-1019 1.0 5.0 10.1 5.4 25.1 48.0 5.4
Child, family, and school social workers(1) 21-1021 1.2 5.6 9.1 5.7 40.8 35.6 2.1
Healthcare social workers(1) 21-1022 1.2 5.6 9.1 5.7 40.8 35.6 2.1
Mental health and substance abuse social workers(1) 21-1023 1.2 5.6 9.1 5.7 40.8 35.6 2.1
Social workers, all other(1) 21-1029 1.2 5.6 9.1 5.7 40.8 35.6 2.1
Health educators(1) 21-1091 3.1 10.8 22.2 9.0 32.3 19.5 3.1
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists 21-1092 0.5 6.4 9.6 5.8 60.1 16.7 1.0
Social and human service assistants 21-1093 2.4 16.9 28.4 11.6 28.8 11.2 0.8
Community health workers(1) 21-1094 3.1 10.8 22.2 9.0 32.3 19.5 3.1
Community and social service specialists, all other(1) 21-1099 3.1 10.8 22.2 9.0 32.3 19.5 3.1
Clergy 21-2011 2.2 6.8 11.4 4.6 23.9 34.9 16.2
Directors, religious activities and education 21-2021 2.2 7.3 15.1 9.4 37.5 23.4 5.1
Religious workers, all other 21-2099 2.0 11.3 17.9 8.0 36.3 18.9 5.5
Lawyers(1) 23-1011 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 3.5 4.1 91.0
Judicial law clerks 23-1012 0.0 1.3 5.6 2.3 9.7 4.2 76.9
Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers(1) 23-1021 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 3.5 4.1 91.0
Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators(1) 23-1022 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 3.5 4.1 91.0
Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates(1) 23-1023 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 3.5 4.1 91.0
Paralegals and legal assistants 23-2011 1.0 11.2 24.1 18.5 37.5 4.9 2.7
Court reporters(1) 23-2091 1.2 17.3 26.5 13.9 28.1 8.6 4.5
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers(1) 23-2093 1.2 17.3 26.5 13.9 28.1 8.6 4.5
Legal support workers, all other(1) 23-2099 1.2 17.3 26.5 13.9 28.1 8.6 4.5
Business teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1011 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Computer science teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1021 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1022 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Architecture teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1031 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Engineering teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1032 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1041 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Biological science teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1042 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1043 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1051 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Chemistry teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1052 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Environmental science teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1053 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Physics teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1054 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1061 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1062 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Economics teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1063 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Geography teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1064 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Political science teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1065 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Psychology teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1066 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Sociology teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1067 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other(1) 25-1069 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Health specialties teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1071 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1072 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Education teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1081 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Library science teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1082 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1111 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Law teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1112 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Social work teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1113 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1121 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Communications teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1122 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
English language and literature teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1123 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1124 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
History teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1125 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1126 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Graduate teaching assistants(1) 25-1191 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Home economics teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1192 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1193 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Vocational education teachers, postsecondary(1) 25-1194 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Postsecondary teachers, all other(1) 25-1199 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.0 16.2 35.7 43.3
Preschool teachers, except special education(1) 25-2011 1.9 12.8 22.5 15.3 34.3 12.4 0.7
Kindergarten teachers, except special education(1) 25-2012 1.9 12.8 22.5 15.3 34.3 12.4 0.7
Elementary school teachers, except special education(1) 25-2021 0.2 0.3 3.1 2.0 43.4 47.0 4.0
Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education(1) 25-2022 0.2 0.3 3.1 2.0 43.4 47.0 4.0
Career/technical education teachers, middle school(1) 25-2023 0.2 0.3 3.1 2.0 43.4 47.0 4.0
Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education(1) 25-2031 0.3 0.3 3.1 1.7 41.2 49.0 4.4
Career/technical education teachers, secondary school(1) 25-2032 0.3 0.3 3.1 1.7 41.2 49.0 4.4
Special education teachers, preschool(1) 25-2051 0.1 3.9 5.8 3.9 35.1 47.8 3.3
Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school(1) 25-2052 0.1 3.9 5.8 3.9 35.1 47.8 3.3
Special education teachers, middle school(1) 25-2053 0.1 3.9 5.8 3.9 35.1 47.8 3.3
Special education teachers, secondary school(1) 25-2054 0.1 3.9 5.8 3.9 35.1 47.8 3.3
Special education teachers, all other(1) 25-2059 0.1 3.9 5.8 3.9 35.1 47.8 3.3
Adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors(1) 25-3011 1.7 10.7 18.5 8.2 36.4 20.4 4.1
Self-enrichment education teachers(1) 25-3021 1.7 10.7 18.5 8.2 36.4 20.4 4.1
Teachers and instructors, all other(1) 25-3099 1.7 10.7 18.5 8.2 36.4 20.4 4.1
Archivists(1) 25-4011 0.6 4.2 8.6 2.9 35.0 40.0 8.7
Curators(1) 25-4012 0.6 4.2 8.6 2.9 35.0 40.0 8.7
Museum technicians and conservators(1) 25-4013 0.6 4.2 8.6 2.9 35.0 40.0 8.7
Librarians 25-4021 0.2 0.4 9.9 4.3 23.1 57.0 5.1
Library technicians 25-4031 3.2 35.5 16.2 9.9 23.7 10.1 1.4
Audio-visual and multimedia collections specialists(1) 25-9011 0.8 5.6 10.7 5.3 30.6 39.0 8.0
Farm and home management advisors(1) 25-9021 0.8 5.6 10.7 5.3 30.6 39.0 8.0
Instructional coordinators(1) 25-9031 0.8 5.6 10.7 5.3 30.6 39.0 8.0
Teacher assistants 25-9041 2.6 29.3 29.0 14.7 19.2 4.6 0.6
Education, training, and library workers, all other(1) 25-9099 0.8 5.6 10.7 5.3 30.6 39.0 8.0
Art directors(1) 27-1011 3.0 10.7 18.4 9.0 45.0 12.0 1.9
Craft artists(1) 27-1012 3.0 10.7 18.4 9.0 45.0 12.0 1.9
Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators(1) 27-1013 3.0 10.7 18.4 9.0 45.0 12.0 1.9
Multimedia artists and animators(1) 27-1014 3.0 10.7 18.4 9.0 45.0 12.0 1.9
Artists and related workers, all other(1) 27-1019 3.0 10.7 18.4 9.0 45.0 12.0 1.9
Commercial and industrial designers(1) 27-1021 2.3 9.8 17.6 12.7 47.4 8.7 1.4
Fashion designers(1) 27-1022 2.3 9.8 17.6 12.7 47.4 8.7 1.4
Floral designers(1) 27-1023 2.3 9.8 17.6 12.7 47.4 8.7 1.4
Graphic designers(1) 27-1024 2.3 9.8 17.6 12.7 47.4 8.7 1.4
Interior designers(1) 27-1025 2.3 9.8 17.6 12.7 47.4 8.7 1.4
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers(1) 27-1026 2.3 9.8 17.6 12.7 47.4 8.7 1.4
Set and exhibit designers(1) 27-1027 2.3 9.8 17.6 12.7 47.4 8.7 1.4
Designers, all other(1) 27-1029 2.3 9.8 17.6 12.7 47.4 8.7 1.4
Actors 27-2011 2.5 11.5 18.8 3.6 48.3 13.8 1.5
Producers and directors 27-2012 0.5 5.9 14.5 5.7 57.3 13.9 2.2
Athletes and sports competitors(1) 27-2021 1.7 9.8 21.5 7.9 42.7 14.2 2.2
Coaches and scouts(1) 27-2022 1.7 9.8 21.5 7.9 42.7 14.2 2.2
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials(1) 27-2023 1.7 9.8 21.5 7.9 42.7 14.2 2.2
Dancers(1) 27-2031 11.9 26.7 29.0 10.6 17.0 4.3 0.5
Choreographers(1) 27-2032 11.9 26.7 29.0 10.6 17.0 4.3 0.5
Music directors and composers(1) 27-2041 4.0 13.8 22.2 5.2 30.8 19.3 4.7
Musicians and singers(1) 27-2042 4.0 13.8 22.2 5.2 30.8 19.3 4.7
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other 27-2099 4.4 20.5 28.8 7.7 30.4 5.7 2.5
Radio and television announcers(1) 27-3011 4.8 17.0 33.3 8.7 27.7 6.6 2.0
Public address system and other announcers(1) 27-3012 4.8 17.0 33.3 8.7 27.7 6.6 2.0
Broadcast news analysts(1) 27-3021 0.7 3.4 7.4 2.3 64.3 18.8 3.2
Reporters and correspondents(1) 27-3022 0.7 3.4 7.4 2.3 64.3 18.8 3.2
Public relations specialists 27-3031 0.6 3.7 9.5 4.8 56.5 20.5 4.3
Editors 27-3041 0.5 3.1 9.1 4.3 59.0 19.3 4.7
Technical writers 27-3042 0.2 4.0 11.8 6.5 49.5 21.2 6.9
Writers and authors 27-3043 0.3 3.0 9.6 2.8 51.1 24.4 8.8
Interpreters and translators(1) 27-3091 2.9 11.3 22.4 13.6 30.9 14.4 4.5
Media and communication workers, all other(1) 27-3099 2.9 11.3 22.4 13.6 30.9 14.4 4.5
Audio and video equipment technicians(1) 27-4011 3.1 14.8 28.4 16.2 32.9 3.8 0.6
Broadcast technicians(1) 27-4012 3.1 14.8 28.4 16.2 32.9 3.8 0.6
Radio operators(1) 27-4013 3.1 14.8 28.4 16.2 32.9 3.8 0.6
Sound engineering technicians(1) 27-4014 3.1 14.8 28.4 16.2 32.9 3.8 0.6
Photographers 27-4021 2.4 11.7 22.8 10.2 44.1 7.0 1.7
Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture(1) 27-4031 0.7 9.3 18.9 8.8 53.0 8.3 1.0
Film and video editors(1) 27-4032 0.7 9.3 18.9 8.8 53.0 8.3 1.0
Media and communication equipment workers, all other(1) 27-4099 3.1 14.8 28.4 16.2 32.9 3.8 0.6
Chiropractors 29-1011 0.6 0.9 1.8 0.3 4.7 2.4 89.3
Dentists, general(1) 29-1021 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.3 1.7 2.1 95.5
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons(1) 29-1022 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.3 1.7 2.1 95.5
Orthodontists(1) 29-1023 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.3 1.7 2.1 95.5
Prosthodontists(1) 29-1024 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.3 1.7 2.1 95.5
Dentists, all other specialists(1) 29-1029 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.3 1.7 2.1 95.5
Dietitians and nutritionists 29-1031 3.3 12.6 7.2 4.4 39.4 26.4 6.6
Optometrists 29-1041 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.3 1.6 2.4 95.1
Pharmacists 29-1051 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.9 36.6 6.1 54.8
Anesthesiologists(1) 29-1061 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.3 3.3 93.7
Family and general practitioners(1) 29-1062 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.3 3.3 93.7
Internists, general(1) 29-1063 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.3 3.3 93.7
Obstetricians and gynecologists(1) 29-1064 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.3 3.3 93.7
Pediatricians, general(1) 29-1065 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.3 3.3 93.7
Psychiatrists(1) 29-1066 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.3 3.3 93.7
Surgeons(1) 29-1067 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.3 3.3 93.7
Physicians and surgeons, all other(1) 29-1069 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.3 3.3 93.7
Physician assistants 29-1071 0.5 4.9 7.9 11.6 25.8 36.9 12.3
Podiatrists 29-1081 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.0 1.5 2.4 95.3
Occupational therapists 29-1122 0.3 0.4 1.4 8.0 43.5 41.7 4.6
Physical therapists 29-1123 0.2 1.3 1.6 5.7 34.6 28.6 28.1
Radiation therapists 29-1124 0.0 3.6 12.4 30.6 43.4 5.3 4.8
Recreational therapists 29-1125 1.8 8.4 10.7 6.2 58.8 13.5 0.7
Respiratory therapists 29-1126 0.2 2.0 12.7 57.2 23.4 3.0 1.4
Speech-language pathologists 29-1127 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.9 9.1 85.2 2.9
Exercise physiologists(1) 29-1128 0.3 2.2 5.1 6.2 24.3 54.8 7.0
Therapists, all other(1) 29-1129 0.3 2.2 5.1 6.2 24.3 54.8 7.0
Veterinarians 29-1131 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 3.0 1.8 94.7
Registered nurses 29-1141 0.2 1.1 5.4 36.7 46.5 8.2 1.9
Nurse anesthetists 29-1151 0.0 2.3 4.9 4.0 13.6 61.5 13.6
Nurse midwives(1) 29-1161 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.0 5.8 77.7 13.5
Nurse practitioners(1) 29-1171 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.0 5.8 77.7 13.5
Audiologists 29-1181 0.0 2.7 3.2 2.8 8.2 32.8 50.3
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other 29-1199 1.2 2.6 7.6 3.0 15.7 42.0 27.9
Medical and clinical laboratory technologists(1) 29-2011 1.4 9.5 19.0 17.2 44.1 6.5 2.3
Medical and clinical laboratory technicians(1) 29-2012 1.4 9.5 19.0 17.2 44.1 6.5 2.3
Dental hygienists 29-2021 0.6 3.1 8.0 52.8 31.9 2.0 1.7
Cardiovascular technologists and technicians(1) 29-2031 0.7 7.4 21.8 44.3 22.0 1.9 1.8
Diagnostic medical sonographers(1) 29-2032 0.7 7.4 21.8 44.3 22.0 1.9 1.8
Nuclear medicine technologists(1) 29-2033 0.7 7.4 21.8 44.3 22.0 1.9 1.8
Radiologic technologists(1) 29-2034 0.7 7.4 21.8 44.3 22.0 1.9 1.8
Magnetic resonance imaging technologists(1) 29-2035 0.7 7.4 21.8 44.3 22.0 1.9 1.8
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics 29-2041 0.8 13.9 46.9 21.4 14.9 1.6 0.5
Dietetic technicians(1) 29-2051 1.8 22.9 35.0 21.4 16.1 1.7 1.0
Pharmacy technicians(1) 29-2052 1.8 22.9 35.0 21.4 16.1 1.7 1.0
Psychiatric technicians(1) 29-2053 1.8 22.9 35.0 21.4 16.1 1.7 1.0
Respiratory therapy technicians(1) 29-2054 1.8 22.9 35.0 21.4 16.1 1.7 1.0
Surgical technologists(1) 29-2055 1.8 22.9 35.0 21.4 16.1 1.7 1.0
Veterinary technologists and technicians(1) 29-2056 1.8 22.9 35.0 21.4 16.1 1.7 1.0
Ophthalmic medical technicians(1) 29-2057 1.8 22.9 35.0 21.4 16.1 1.7 1.0
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses 29-2061 1.4 18.6 55.4 18.7 4.8 0.6 0.4
Medical records and health information technicians 29-2071 1.8 23.5 35.5 19.4 15.8 3.2 0.8
Opticians, dispensing 29-2081 1.9 27.9 36.5 19.6 12.3 0.9 0.9
Orthotists and prosthetists(1) 29-2091 1.7 19.3 31.0 14.4 21.3 7.5 4.8
Hearing aid specialists(1) 29-2092 1.7 19.3 31.0 14.4 21.3 7.5 4.8
Health technologists and technicians, all other(1) 29-2099 1.7 19.3 31.0 14.4 21.3 7.5 4.8
Occupational health and safety specialists(1) 29-9011 2.6 10.0 18.0 9.3 35.6 22.0 2.5
Occupational health and safety technicians(1) 29-9012 2.6 10.0 18.0 9.3 35.6 22.0 2.5
Athletic trainers(1) 29-9091 2.6 10.0 18.0 9.3 35.6 22.0 2.5
Genetic counselors(1) 29-9092 2.6 10.0 18.0 9.3 35.6 22.0 2.5
Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other(1) 29-9099 2.6 10.0 18.0 9.3 35.6 22.0 2.5
Home health aides(1) 31-1011 12.4 34.6 31.9 9.8 7.9 1.9 1.5
Psychiatric aides(1) 31-1013 12.4 34.6 31.9 9.8 7.9 1.9 1.5
Nursing assistants(1) 31-1014 12.4 34.6 31.9 9.8 7.9 1.9 1.5
Orderlies(1) 31-1015 12.4 34.6 31.9 9.8 7.9 1.9 1.5
Occupational therapy assistants(1) 31-2011 0.8 2.1 9.4 76.2 11.1 0.3 0.0
Occupational therapy aides(1) 31-2012 0.8 2.1 9.4 76.2 11.1 0.3 0.0
Physical therapist assistants(1) 31-2021 0.6 7.8 16.8 54.1 17.1 2.7 0.9
Physical therapist aides(1) 31-2022 0.6 7.8 16.8 54.1 17.1 2.7 0.9
Massage therapists 31-9011 2.3 17.2 36.8 17.2 20.9 4.2 1.5
Dental assistants 31-9091 2.7 29.9 40.5 17.8 7.0 0.5 1.6
Medical assistants 31-9092 2.7 22.5 42.7 22.3 7.7 1.2 0.8
Medical equipment preparers(1) 31-9093 8.5 40.1 28.0 10.1 11.2 1.7 0.4
Medical transcriptionists 31-9094 1.3 19.9 39.4 21.5 15.1 2.3 0.6
Pharmacy aides 31-9095 4.5 26.1 38.3 12.0 16.6 1.1 1.5
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers 31-9096 4.9 25.6 29.1 18.0 20.4 0.8 1.1
Phlebotomists 31-9097 2.9 26.2 45.0 16.1 8.0 1.1 0.7
Healthcare support workers, all other(1) 31-9099 8.5 40.1 28.0 10.1 11.2 1.7 0.4
First-line supervisors of correctional officers 33-1011 1.0 24.2 34.4 11.9 20.2 6.8 1.6
First-line supervisors of police and detectives 33-1012 0.5 10.7 30.7 12.7 32.4 11.2 1.8
First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers 33-1021 0.1 15.0 36.9 22.3 19.1 6.1 0.4
First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other 33-1099 2.6 20.8 31.9 11.2 23.8 7.5 2.3
Firefighters 33-2011 1.0 16.1 43.5 20.1 17.3 1.8 0.2
Fire inspectors and investigators(1) 33-2021 3.4 18.4 33.4 16.0 22.8 5.5 0.5
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists(1) 33-2022 3.4 18.4 33.4 16.0 22.8 5.5 0.5
Bailiffs(1) 33-3011 1.0 31.2 38.1 14.3 13.0 2.2 0.3
Correctional officers and jailers(1) 33-3012 1.0 31.2 38.1 14.3 13.0 2.2 0.3
Detectives and criminal investigators 33-3021 0.4 7.2 22.9 12.3 41.8 13.1 2.3
Fish and game wardens(1) 33-3031 3.4 25.3 30.1 10.3 27.3 3.4 0.3
Parking enforcement workers(1) 33-3041 3.4 25.3 30.1 10.3 27.3 3.4 0.3
Police and sheriff's patrol officers(1) 33-3051 0.7 12.4 34.4 17.2 29.5 5.0 0.6
Transit and railroad police(1) 33-3052 0.7 12.4 34.4 17.2 29.5 5.0 0.6
Animal control workers 33-9011 5.7 37.7 27.5 13.0 14.2 1.8 0.0
Private detectives and investigators 33-9021 0.9 10.0 22.2 9.9 39.1 14.5 3.4
Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators(1) 33-9031 6.5 33.9 31.7 11.0 13.4 2.8 0.6
Security guards(1) 33-9032 6.5 33.9 31.7 11.0 13.4 2.8 0.6
Crossing guards 33-9091 19.3 42.2 23.9 6.2 6.5 1.5 0.4
Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers(1) 33-9092 6.3 30.3 26.4 10.0 21.8 4.1 1.2
Transportation security screeners 33-9093 3.3 24.0 35.6 13.9 20.7 1.7 0.8
Protective service workers, all other(1) 33-9099 6.3 30.3 26.4 10.0 21.8 4.1 1.2
Chefs and head cooks 35-1011 17.6 29.2 22.5 16.9 12.3 1.2 0.4
First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers 35-1012 12.0 35.6 28.9 9.0 12.7 1.5 0.4
Cooks, fast food(1) 35-2011 30.9 40.3 18.2 5.2 4.6 0.6 0.2
Cooks, institution and cafeteria(1) 35-2012 30.9 40.3 18.2 5.2 4.6 0.6 0.2
Cooks, private household(1) 35-2013 30.9 40.3 18.2 5.2 4.6 0.6 0.2
Cooks, restaurant(1) 35-2014 30.9 40.3 18.2 5.2 4.6 0.6 0.2
Cooks, short order(1) 35-2015 30.9 40.3 18.2 5.2 4.6 0.6 0.2
Cooks, all other(1) 35-2019 30.9 40.3 18.2 5.2 4.6 0.6 0.2
Food preparation workers 35-2021 28.5 37.5 19.4 5.3 7.8 1.1 0.3
Bartenders 35-3011 7.5 27.8 35.6 10.0 16.9 1.9 0.4
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food 35-3021 21.2 43.9 23.0 5.8 5.0 0.8 0.3
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 35-3022 19.7 43.7 20.6 5.6 8.8 1.2 0.3
Waiters and waitresses 35-3031 14.0 32.7 28.5 8.7 13.9 1.8 0.3
Food servers, nonrestaurant 35-3041 18.3 43.1 22.4 7.5 7.7 0.7 0.3
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers(1) 35-9011 28.8 42.4 17.5 4.2 6.4 0.4 0.3
Dishwashers 35-9021 43.8 39.0 11.1 2.8 3.0 0.4 0.0
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop 35-9031 11.8 35.9 26.5 7.9 15.2 2.1 0.6
Food preparation and serving related workers, all other(1) 35-9099 28.8 42.4 17.5 4.2 6.4 0.4 0.3
First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers 37-1011 15.1 37.1 26.9 8.3 10.7 1.4 0.5
First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers 37-1012 20.2 29.6 23.9 9.0 15.7 1.3 0.3
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners(1) 37-2011 26.2 44.2 18.7 5.4 4.6 0.7 0.2
Maids and housekeeping cleaners 37-2012 38.3 39.3 14.0 3.5 4.1 0.6 0.2
Building cleaning workers, all other(1) 37-2019 26.2 44.2 18.7 5.4 4.6 0.7 0.2
Pest control workers 37-2021 8.6 41.4 30.0 9.0 9.5 1.0 0.5
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers(1) 37-3011 39.2 34.2 15.2 4.5 5.7 0.9 0.2
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation(1) 37-3012 39.2 34.2 15.2 4.5 5.7 0.9 0.2
Tree trimmers and pruners(1) 37-3013 39.2 34.2 15.2 4.5 5.7 0.9 0.2
Grounds maintenance workers, all other(1) 37-3019 39.2 34.2 15.2 4.5 5.7 0.9 0.2
Gaming supervisors(1) 39-1011 4.4 23.9 28.7 9.6 27.6 5.5 0.3
Slot supervisors(1) 39-1012 4.4 23.9 28.7 9.6 27.6 5.5 0.3
First-line supervisors of personal service workers 39-1021 4.9 24.8 27.9 9.7 26.8 5.0 0.9
Animal trainers 39-2011 6.1 28.0 27.3 8.1 26.0 3.3 1.1
Nonfarm animal caretakers 39-2021 10.2 34.7 27.2 8.3 16.3 2.4 0.9
Gaming dealers(1) 39-3011 10.8 32.5 32.6 9.9 12.6 1.3 0.2
Gaming and sports book writers and runners(1) 39-3012 10.8 32.5 32.6 9.9 12.6 1.3 0.2
Gaming service workers, all other(1) 39-3019 10.8 32.5 32.6 9.9 12.6 1.3 0.2
Motion picture projectionists 39-3021 2.1 24.6 36.5 6.7 30.1 0.0 0.0
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers 39-3031 9.1 35.9 23.4 6.2 22.9 2.0 0.5
Amusement and recreation attendants(1) 39-3091 7.7 28.8 27.4 9.2 20.5 5.7 0.6
Costume attendants(1) 39-3092 7.7 28.8 27.4 9.2 20.5 5.7 0.6
Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants(1) 39-3093 7.7 28.8 27.4 9.2 20.5 5.7 0.6
Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other(1) 39-3099 7.7 28.8 27.4 9.2 20.5 5.7 0.6
Embalmers(1) 39-4011 4.1 22.6 32.8 19.1 16.0 4.9 0.4
Funeral attendants(1) 39-4021 4.1 22.6 32.8 19.1 16.0 4.9 0.4
Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors 39-4031 0.7 9.2 24.3 32.0 25.5 5.5 2.8
Barbers 39-5011 12.8 48.7 26.8 7.2 4.2 0.3 0.1
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists 39-5012 6.7 45.5 31.5 10.1 5.2 0.6 0.3
Makeup artists, theatrical and performance(1) 39-5091 23.0 36.8 21.9 8.3 8.6 1.1 0.4
Manicurists and pedicurists(1) 39-5092 23.0 36.8 21.9 8.3 8.6 1.1 0.4
Shampooers(1) 39-5093 23.0 36.8 21.9 8.3 8.6 1.1 0.4
Skincare specialists(1) 39-5094 23.0 36.8 21.9 8.3 8.6 1.1 0.4
Baggage porters and bellhops(1) 39-6011 11.3 34.2 25.0 9.9 17.3 2.4 0.0
Concierges(1) 39-6012 11.3 34.2 25.0 9.9 17.3 2.4 0.0
Tour guides and escorts(1) 39-7011 6.5 19.4 27.9 9.0 25.3 10.1 1.8
Travel guides(1) 39-7012 6.5 19.4 27.9 9.0 25.3 10.1 1.8
Childcare workers 39-9011 13.3 32.2 26.6 10.1 14.2 3.1 0.5
Personal care aides 39-9021 17.0 34.8 26.9 8.2 10.4 2.1 0.5
Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors(1) 39-9031 2.4 16.2 25.0 9.1 36.4 9.7 1.2
Recreation workers(1) 39-9032 2.4 16.2 25.0 9.1 36.4 9.7 1.2
Residential advisors 39-9041 3.1 20.3 32.5 12.1 24.2 7.1 0.8
Personal care and service workers, all other 39-9099 9.9 33.0 29.4 8.9 14.7 3.5 0.7
First-line supervisors of retail sales workers 41-1011 5.7 29.3 28.8 9.3 22.3 3.8 0.8
First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers 41-1012 5.0 21.5 23.9 8.3 31.2 8.6 1.5
Cashiers(1) 41-2011 14.8 40.1 25.4 7.6 10.1 1.6 0.3
Gaming change persons and booth cashiers(1) 41-2012 14.8 40.1 25.4 7.6 10.1 1.6 0.3
Counter and rental clerks 41-2021 12.8 37.7 25.8 7.3 14.7 1.4 0.3
Parts salespersons 41-2022 8.0 48.7 29.0 7.6 6.0 0.5 0.2
Retail salespersons 41-2031 6.6 29.0 28.8 9.7 21.5 3.7 0.7
Advertising sales agents 41-3011 1.4 11.4 22.4 7.7 49.0 7.3 0.7
Insurance sales agents 41-3021 1.0 15.3 26.3 9.3 40.1 6.3 1.7
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents 41-3031 0.6 7.6 16.2 5.0 51.1 16.7 2.6
Travel agents 41-3041 1.7 16.4 31.1 13.1 30.9 5.4 1.4
Sales representatives, services, all other 41-3099 2.2 15.9 25.9 8.4 39.3 7.4 1.0
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products(1) 41-4011 3.0 17.4 23.4 8.2 40.5 6.9 0.7
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products(1) 41-4012 3.0 17.4 23.4 8.2 40.5 6.9 0.7
Demonstrators and product promoters(1) 41-9011 11.7 30.7 27.6 8.8 18.4 2.4 0.4
Models(1) 41-9012 11.7 30.7 27.6 8.8 18.4 2.4 0.4
Real estate brokers(1) 41-9021 1.3 12.8 28.5 9.4 36.6 9.0 2.2
Real estate sales agents(1) 41-9022 1.3 12.8 28.5 9.4 36.6 9.0 2.2
Sales engineers 41-9031 0.7 5.8 13.0 9.4 53.1 16.3 1.7
Telemarketers 41-9041 5.4 30.9 33.0 10.8 16.5 2.9 0.5
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers 41-9091 16.0 31.7 25.0 8.5 14.9 3.1 0.9
Sales and related workers, all other 41-9099 4.3 20.5 20.9 9.3 36.9 7.3 0.9
First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers 43-1011 2.6 22.7 29.3 11.5 25.7 6.9 1.4
Switchboard operators, including answering service 43-2011 4.7 34.4 35.4 11.2 11.7 2.5 0.1
Telephone operators 43-2021 5.8 32.8 37.0 10.4 11.7 2.0 0.2
Communications equipment operators, all other 43-2099 2.5 22.3 37.2 6.1 20.0 10.5 1.5
Bill and account collectors 43-3011 3.7 28.3 38.2 12.0 14.9 2.6 0.3
Billing and posting clerks 43-3021 3.1 29.8 36.0 13.6 14.5 2.5 0.5
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks 43-3031 2.8 28.6 38.5 10.3 16.3 3.1 0.4
Gaming cage workers 43-3041 5.6 37.9 34.1 11.2 8.8 2.3 0.0
Payroll and timekeeping clerks 43-3051 2.1 25.7 37.0 14.3 18.3 2.3 0.2
Procurement clerks 43-3061 1.2 19.6 31.9 13.4 24.2 8.4 1.4
Tellers 43-3071 1.7 34.8 33.2 11.3 16.9 2.0 0.1
Financial clerks, all other 43-3099 0.8 17.9 27.5 7.0 32.1 13.6 1.1
Brokerage clerks 43-4011 1.6 23.4 19.9 16.9 36.1 1.0 1.1
Correspondence clerks(1) 43-4021 8.4 33.7 29.8 9.8 16.1 2.0 0.2
Court, municipal, and license clerks 43-4031 1.0 28.4 34.0 13.5 19.3 2.2 1.6
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks 43-4041 1.2 27.4 32.6 9.5 23.5 5.1 0.8
Customer service representatives 43-4051 4.0 27.0 32.5 11.2 21.2 3.4 0.5
Eligibility interviewers, government programs 43-4061 1.2 14.3 25.6 12.8 36.2 9.0 0.9
File clerks 43-4071 4.2 27.9 32.1 13.1 17.9 4.0 0.7
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks 43-4081 5.4 30.4 35.3 9.8 15.9 2.8 0.5
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan 43-4111 1.5 23.8 33.7 15.8 18.4 5.7 1.1
Library assistants, clerical 43-4121 1.1 20.3 24.5 13.1 30.4 9.3 1.2
Loan interviewers and clerks 43-4131 1.4 27.0 32.8 12.9 22.9 2.5 0.6
New accounts clerks 43-4141 0.8 25.8 35.9 9.8 23.4 3.8 0.4
Order clerks(1) 43-4151 8.4 33.7 29.8 9.8 16.1 2.0 0.2
Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping 43-4161 2.4 19.2 33.3 13.4 23.6 7.4 0.7
Receptionists and information clerks 43-4171 4.1 33.5 34.1 12.0 13.7 2.2 0.5
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks 43-4181 2.3 24.4 33.8 12.2 22.8 4.1 0.3
Information and record clerks, all other 43-4199 1.6 21.3 30.8 20.7 20.7 4.0 1.0
Cargo and freight agents 43-5011 4.5 24.7 32.5 13.5 21.9 2.8 0.0
Couriers and messengers 43-5021 7.5 36.8 32.2 10.0 11.5 1.6 0.3
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers(1) 43-5031 4.2 33.2 36.4 11.2 13.4 1.5 0.2
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance(1) 43-5032 4.2 33.2 36.4 11.2 13.4 1.5 0.2
Meter readers, utilities 43-5041 3.9 47.4 30.2 7.5 9.8 1.0 0.0
Postal service clerks 43-5051 2.5 34.3 36.4 10.7 14.1 1.8 0.2
Postal service mail carriers 43-5052 2.1 36.1 37.4 10.6 12.2 1.5 0.2
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators 43-5053 3.4 34.0 35.9 11.0 12.7 2.6 0.5
Production, planning, and expediting clerks 43-5061 2.9 25.8 28.6 11.5 23.8 6.7 0.6
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks 43-5071 13.2 45.8 26.2 6.7 7.3 0.6 0.2
Stock clerks and order fillers 43-5081 13.7 43.9 25.1 7.5 8.2 1.4 0.2
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping 43-5111 12.0 39.9 25.6 8.3 11.3 2.7 0.2
Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants(1) 43-6011 2.1 29.2 33.5 14.0 17.7 3.0 0.4
Legal secretaries(1) 43-6012 2.1 29.2 33.5 14.0 17.7 3.0 0.4
Medical secretaries(1) 43-6013 2.1 29.2 33.5 14.0 17.7 3.0 0.4
Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive(1) 43-6014 2.1 29.2 33.5 14.0 17.7 3.0 0.4
Computer operators 43-9011 3.1 21.5 28.9 14.9 25.0 5.8 0.6
Data entry keyers 43-9021 2.8 29.9 33.5 12.8 17.5 3.0 0.4
Word processors and typists 43-9022 2.5 30.1 32.8 13.2 17.9 2.9 0.6
Desktop publishers(1) 43-9031 2.1 21.0 31.6 11.1 25.7 7.7 0.9
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks 43-9041 1.4 25.8 34.8 11.7 22.6 3.1 0.5
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service 43-9051 8.2 41.7 29.1 7.9 10.9 1.8 0.3
Office clerks, general 43-9061 3.4 30.0 33.8 11.8 16.9 3.4 0.6
Office machine operators, except computer 43-9071 8.8 40.8 28.4 9.0 11.9 1.0 0.1
Proofreaders and copy markers 43-9081 3.0 15.5 17.8 4.7 46.7 9.7 2.6
Statistical assistants 43-9111 2.5 25.3 29.8 11.8 24.5 4.9 1.3
Office and administrative support workers, all other(1) 43-9199 2.1 21.0 31.6 11.1 25.7 7.7 0.9
First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers 45-1011 32.3 29.0 18.1 4.7 12.7 2.6 0.5
Agricultural inspectors 45-2011 6.8 26.5 21.4 7.3 30.2 4.9 2.9
Animal breeders(1) 45-2021 56.2 26.5 9.6 3.1 3.8 0.5 0.3
Graders and sorters, agricultural products 45-2041 59.8 24.4 9.4 2.3 3.7 0.5 0.0
Agricultural equipment operators(1) 45-2091 56.2 26.5 9.6 3.1 3.8 0.5 0.3
Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse(1) 45-2092 56.2 26.5 9.6 3.1 3.8 0.5 0.3
Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals(1) 45-2093 56.2 26.5 9.6 3.1 3.8 0.5 0.3
Agricultural workers, all other(1) 45-2099 56.2 26.5 9.6 3.1 3.8 0.5 0.3
Fishers and related fishing workers(1) 45-3011 22.1 41.9 22.7 5.7 5.8 1.3 0.5
Hunters and trappers(1) 45-3021 22.1 41.9 22.7 5.7 5.8 1.3 0.5
Forest and conservation workers 45-4011 25.6 21.1 22.3 9.0 18.1 3.9 0.0
Fallers(1) 45-4021 35.4 47.3 12.3 2.6 2.4 0.1 0.0
Logging equipment operators(1) 45-4022 35.4 47.3 12.3 2.6 2.4 0.1 0.0
Log graders and scalers(1) 45-4023 35.4 47.3 12.3 2.6 2.4 0.1 0.0
Logging workers, all other(1) 45-4029 35.4 47.3 12.3 2.6 2.4 0.1 0.0
First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers 47-1011 13.7 42.0 25.8 7.0 9.6 1.4 0.4
Boilermakers 47-2011 9.6 48.8 30.9 7.5 2.5 0.4 0.3
Brickmasons and blockmasons(1) 47-2021 34.1 42.2 15.8 4.2 3.3 0.3 0.1
Stonemasons(1) 47-2022 34.1 42.2 15.8 4.2 3.3 0.3 0.1
Carpenters 47-2031 24.6 43.1 20.7 5.2 5.5 0.8 0.1
Carpet installers(1) 47-2041 36.4 41.7 15.2 3.6 2.8 0.4 0.1
Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles(1) 47-2042 36.4 41.7 15.2 3.6 2.8 0.4 0.1
Floor sanders and finishers(1) 47-2043 36.4 41.7 15.2 3.6 2.8 0.4 0.1
Tile and marble setters(1) 47-2044 36.4 41.7 15.2 3.6 2.8 0.4 0.1
Cement masons and concrete finishers(1) 47-2051 45.6 36.9 12.8 2.4 2.1 0.1 0.0
Terrazzo workers and finishers(1) 47-2053 45.6 36.9 12.8 2.4 2.1 0.1 0.0
Construction laborers 47-2061 31.4 41.0 17.2 4.5 5.0 0.7 0.3
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators 47-2071 36.7 51.8 5.8 2.4 3.3 0.0 0.0
Pile-driver operators(1) 47-2072 19.7 52.8 19.5 4.8 2.8 0.3 0.1
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators(1) 47-2073 19.7 52.8 19.5 4.8 2.8 0.3 0.1
Drywall and ceiling tile installers(1) 47-2081 43.0 38.4 13.4 2.0 3.0 0.2 0.0
Tapers(1) 47-2082 43.0 38.4 13.4 2.0 3.0 0.2 0.0
Electricians 47-2111 7.7 37.3 33.0 14.3 6.6 0.8 0.2
Glaziers 47-2121 19.7 53.1 19.8 3.7 3.5 0.3 0.0
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall(1) 47-2131 27.6 40.0 22.6 5.5 3.1 0.5 0.6
Insulation workers, mechanical(1) 47-2132 27.6 40.0 22.6 5.5 3.1 0.5 0.6
Painters, construction and maintenance(1) 47-2141 33.4 39.4 16.8 3.7 5.7 0.8 0.1
Paperhangers(1) 47-2142 33.4 39.4 16.8 3.7 5.7 0.8 0.1
Pipelayers(1) 47-2151 15.8 48.3 24.5 6.9 3.7 0.5 0.1
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters(1) 47-2152 15.8 48.3 24.5 6.9 3.7 0.5 0.1
Plasterers and stucco masons 47-2161 52.1 32.6 12.3 2.2 0.5 0.2 0.0
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers(1) 47-2171 34.1 42.2 15.8 4.2 3.3 0.3 0.1
Roofers 47-2181 45.6 37.6 11.0 2.7 2.8 0.3 0.1
Sheet metal workers 47-2211 14.7 46.5 27.5 6.9 4.1 0.4 0.0
Structural iron and steel workers 47-2221 16.7 46.0 24.3 6.9 5.7 0.1 0.3
Solar photovoltaic installers(1) 47-2231 21.0 44.4 22.0 6.0 5.2 1.4 0.0
Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters(1) 47-3011 43.9 36.0 11.5 4.3 4.0 0.4 0.0
Helpers--carpenters(1) 47-3012 43.9 36.0 11.5 4.3 4.0 0.4 0.0
Helpers--electricians(1) 47-3013 43.9 36.0 11.5 4.3 4.0 0.4 0.0
Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons(1) 47-3014 43.9 36.0 11.5 4.3 4.0 0.4 0.0
Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters(1) 47-3015 43.9 36.0 11.5 4.3 4.0 0.4 0.0
Helpers--roofers(1) 47-3016 43.9 36.0 11.5 4.3 4.0 0.4 0.0
Helpers, construction trades, all other(1) 47-3019 43.9 36.0 11.5 4.3 4.0 0.4 0.0
Construction and building inspectors 47-4011 3.4 26.0 32.2 12.3 21.0 4.7 0.4
Elevator installers and repairers 47-4021 4.2 44.7 33.0 10.5 7.5 0.2 0.0
Fence erectors 47-4031 35.7 40.1 16.9 3.5 3.7 0.1 0.0
Hazardous materials removal workers 47-4041 21.0 37.5 22.3 5.2 11.0 2.6 0.4
Highway maintenance workers 47-4051 12.8 56.6 22.3 4.8 3.0 0.4 0.2
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators 47-4061 14.3 48.7 26.5 7.3 3.0 0.2 0.0
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners(1) 47-4071 21.0 44.4 22.0 6.0 5.2 1.4 0.0
Segmental pavers(1) 47-4091 21.0 44.4 22.0 6.0 5.2 1.4 0.0
Construction and related workers, all other(1) 47-4099 21.0 44.4 22.0 6.0 5.2 1.4 0.0
Derrick operators, oil and gas(1) 47-5011 20.4 43.0 23.5 5.3 7.4 0.4 0.0
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas(1) 47-5012 20.4 43.0 23.5 5.3 7.4 0.4 0.0
Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining(1) 47-5013 20.4 43.0 23.5 5.3 7.4 0.4 0.0
Earth drillers, except oil and gas 47-5021 17.3 54.4 19.9 2.9 5.0 0.5 0.0
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters 47-5031 9.3 37.4 31.4 11.6 6.3 3.6 0.4
Continuous mining machine operators(1) 47-5041 14.6 51.8 23.1 4.3 5.5 0.6 0.0
Mine cutting and channeling machine operators(1) 47-5042 14.6 51.8 23.1 4.3 5.5 0.6 0.0
Mining machine operators, all other(1) 47-5049 14.6 51.8 23.1 4.3 5.5 0.6 0.0
Rock splitters, quarry(1) 47-5051 23.1 48.4 19.0 5.4 3.8 0.2 0.1
Roof bolters, mining(1) 47-5061 23.1 48.4 19.0 5.4 3.8 0.2 0.1
Roustabouts, oil and gas(1) 47-5071 20.4 43.0 23.5 5.3 7.4 0.4 0.0
Helpers--extraction workers(1) 47-5081 23.1 48.4 19.0 5.4 3.8 0.2 0.1
Extraction workers, all other(1) 47-5099 23.1 48.4 19.0 5.4 3.8 0.2 0.1
First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers 49-1011 6.1 36.4 30.9 12.0 11.6 2.6 0.4
Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers 49-2011 2.6 17.9 32.7 20.4 21.7 4.0 0.7
Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairs(1) 49-2021 3.4 30.3 35.9 16.9 11.9 1.4 0.3
Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers(1) 49-2022 3.4 30.3 35.9 16.9 11.9 1.4 0.3
Avionics technicians 49-2091 1.9 19.7 44.3 26.2 7.5 0.5 0.0
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers 49-2092 10.9 39.2 27.5 14.5 7.0 0.8 0.0
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment(1) 49-2093 1.6 32.0 35.1 21.7 9.0 0.6 0.0
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment(1) 49-2094 1.6 32.0 35.1 21.7 9.0 0.6 0.0
Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay(1) 49-2095 1.6 32.0 35.1 21.7 9.0 0.6 0.0
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles 49-2096 17.7 38.1 28.3 10.2 5.4 0.4 0.0
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers 49-2097 6.6 35.3 31.2 15.4 10.7 0.7 0.2
Security and fire alarm systems installers 49-2098 7.3 36.7 34.7 12.5 8.3 0.4 0.1
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians 49-3011 2.7 27.2 39.6 20.4 8.7 1.2 0.2
Automotive body and related repairers 49-3021 21.0 50.5 19.0 7.1 2.1 0.2 0.2
Automotive glass installers and repairers 49-3022 15.4 58.3 17.5 5.6 3.1 0.0 0.0
Automotive service technicians and mechanics 49-3023 18.6 44.1 22.4 11.0 3.4 0.4 0.1
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists 49-3031 14.2 47.2 24.6 10.2 3.3 0.5 0.0
Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians(1) 49-3041 14.0 45.3 26.1 10.9 3.1 0.6 0.0
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines(1) 49-3042 14.0 45.3 26.1 10.9 3.1 0.6 0.0
Rail car repairers(1) 49-3043 14.0 45.3 26.1 10.9 3.1 0.6 0.0
Motorboat mechanics and service technicians(1) 49-3051 12.9 49.1 26.3 8.2 3.1 0.4 0.0
Motorcycle mechanics(1) 49-3052 12.9 49.1 26.3 8.2 3.1 0.4 0.0
Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics(1) 49-3053 12.9 49.1 26.3 8.2 3.1 0.4 0.0
Bicycle repairers(1) 49-3091 26.1 46.8 17.2 4.6 5.1 0.2 0.1
Recreational vehicle service technicians(1) 49-3092 26.1 46.8 17.2 4.6 5.1 0.2 0.1
Tire repairers and changers(1) 49-3093 26.1 46.8 17.2 4.6 5.1 0.2 0.1
Mechanical door repairers(1) 49-9011 6.2 39.7 34.9 14.2 4.4 0.5 0.2
Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door(1) 49-9012 6.2 39.7 34.9 14.2 4.4 0.5 0.2
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers 49-9021 11.7 39.5 30.9 13.0 4.1 0.5 0.2
Home appliance repairers 49-9031 10.9 45.2 29.1 8.5 5.2 0.8 0.3
Industrial machinery mechanics(1) 49-9041 11.2 40.9 28.5 13.2 5.4 0.6 0.1
Maintenance workers, machinery 49-9043 12.1 47.3 24.2 10.3 5.7 0.2 0.2
Millwrights 49-9044 6.9 46.6 32.7 9.6 3.3 0.9 0.0
Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons(1) 49-9045 11.2 40.9 28.5 13.2 5.4 0.6 0.1
Electrical power-line installers and repairers 49-9051 4.5 40.5 37.3 12.5 4.8 0.3 0.0
Telecommunications line installers and repairers 49-9052 6.1 36.6 34.5 12.7 8.7 1.0 0.3
Camera and photographic equipment repairers(1) 49-9061 3.3 21.8 33.0 21.4 16.9 2.9 0.8
Medical equipment repairers(1) 49-9062 3.3 21.8 33.0 21.4 16.9 2.9 0.8
Musical instrument repairers and tuners(1) 49-9063 3.3 21.8 33.0 21.4 16.9 2.9 0.8
Watch repairers(1) 49-9064 3.3 21.8 33.0 21.4 16.9 2.9 0.8
Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other(1) 49-9069 3.3 21.8 33.0 21.4 16.9 2.9 0.8
Maintenance and repair workers, general 49-9071 13.8 40.7 27.8 10.4 6.2 0.9 0.1
Wind turbine service technicians(1) 49-9081 14.1 40.6 25.2 9.8 8.8 1.3 0.2
Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers 49-9091 10.0 40.1 28.9 12.6 6.7 1.5 0.1
Commercial divers(1) 49-9092 14.1 40.6 25.2 9.8 8.8 1.3 0.2
Fabric menders, except garment(1) 49-9093 14.1 40.6 25.2 9.8 8.8 1.3 0.2
Locksmiths and safe repairers 49-9094 8.1 45.7 29.1 7.8 6.0 2.8 0.4
Manufactured building and mobile home installers(1) 49-9095 14.1 40.6 25.2 9.8 8.8 1.3 0.2
Riggers 49-9096 17.9 37.3 29.6 7.5 7.5 0.0 0.3
Signal and track switch repairers(1) 49-9097 14.1 40.6 25.2 9.8 8.8 1.3 0.2
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers 49-9098 35.2 38.9 17.5 4.6 3.8 0.0 0.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other(1) 49-9099 14.1 40.6 25.2 9.8 8.8 1.3 0.2
First-line supervisors of production and operating workers 51-1011 9.6 38.3 26.4 8.9 13.2 3.0 0.6
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers 51-2011 11.8 38.0 40.0 6.2 3.3 0.7 0.0
Coil winders, tapers, and finishers(1) 51-2021 19.5 44.0 23.3 6.8 5.7 0.5 0.2
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers(1) 51-2022 19.5 44.0 23.3 6.8 5.7 0.5 0.2
Electromechanical equipment assemblers(1) 51-2023 19.5 44.0 23.3 6.8 5.7 0.5 0.2
Engine and other machine assemblers 51-2031 10.3 51.7 20.1 12.8 4.8 0.3 0.0
Structural metal fabricators and fitters 51-2041 12.8 48.9 23.7 11.0 3.4 0.3 0.0
Fiberglass laminators and fabricators(1) 51-2091 19.1 46.3 23.3 5.9 4.7 0.6 0.1
Team assemblers(1) 51-2092 19.1 46.3 23.3 5.9 4.7 0.6 0.1
Timing device assemblers and adjusters(1) 51-2093 19.1 46.3 23.3 5.9 4.7 0.6 0.1
Assemblers and fabricators, all other(1) 51-2099 19.1 46.3 23.3 5.9 4.7 0.6 0.1
Bakers 51-3011 25.1 36.7 20.1 7.7 8.6 1.4 0.4
Butchers and meat cutters(1) 51-3021 36.4 39.3 16.7 3.8 3.3 0.3 0.2
Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers(1) 51-3022 36.4 39.3 16.7 3.8 3.3 0.3 0.2
Slaughterers and meat packers(1) 51-3023 36.4 39.3 16.7 3.8 3.3 0.3 0.2
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders 51-3091 17.5 42.2 24.0 7.4 7.3 1.6 0.0
Food batchmakers 51-3092 22.5 42.7 20.7 6.3 6.9 0.7 0.3
Food cooking machine operators and tenders 51-3093 40.9 31.0 17.1 4.9 3.9 1.7 0.5
Food processing workers, all other 51-3099 30.3 46.8 15.7 3.0 3.3 0.4 0.4
Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic(1) 51-4011 8.2 40.8 31.2 12.4 6.4 0.7 0.3
Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic(1) 51-4012 8.2 40.8 31.2 12.4 6.4 0.7 0.3
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4021 8.9 56.8 22.5 9.0 2.8 0.0 0.0
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4022 12.7 60.7 21.0 2.1 3.4 0.1 0.0
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4023 15.1 60.6 20.6 1.4 2.3 0.0 0.0
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4031 20.9 51.5 19.3 5.1 2.7 0.3 0.1
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4032 20.9 51.5 19.3 5.1 2.7 0.3 0.1
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4033 20.9 51.5 19.3 5.1 2.7 0.3 0.1
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4034 20.9 51.5 19.3 5.1 2.7 0.3 0.1
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4035 20.9 51.5 19.3 5.1 2.7 0.3 0.1
Machinists 51-4041 9.8 47.6 27.6 11.2 3.3 0.4 0.1
Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders(1) 51-4051 14.6 50.9 22.6 7.3 4.1 0.3 0.1
Pourers and casters, metal(1) 51-4052 14.6 50.9 22.6 7.3 4.1 0.3 0.1
Model makers, metal and plastic(1) 51-4061 16.0 50.8 23.5 5.1 4.1 0.1 0.3
Patternmakers, metal and plastic(1) 51-4062 16.0 50.8 23.5 5.1 4.1 0.1 0.3
Foundry mold and coremakers(1) 51-4071 16.0 50.8 23.5 5.1 4.1 0.1 0.3
Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4072 16.0 50.8 23.5 5.1 4.1 0.1 0.3
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4081 20.9 49.1 20.4 5.4 3.7 0.4 0.1
Tool and die makers 51-4111 7.6 37.9 34.4 15.5 4.0 0.7 0.0
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers(1) 51-4121 21.3 48.0 21.8 6.4 2.2 0.2 0.1
Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders(1) 51-4122 21.3 48.0 21.8 6.4 2.2 0.2 0.1
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4191 20.9 49.1 20.4 5.4 3.7 0.4 0.1
Layout workers, metal and plastic(1) 51-4192 20.9 49.1 20.4 5.4 3.7 0.4 0.1
Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic(1) 51-4193 20.9 49.1 20.4 5.4 3.7 0.4 0.1
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners(1) 51-4194 20.9 49.1 20.4 5.4 3.7 0.4 0.1
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other(1) 51-4199 20.9 49.1 20.4 5.4 3.7 0.4 0.1
Prepress technicians and workers 51-5111 11.2 34.5 26.8 10.1 15.1 1.9 0.4
Printing press operators 51-5112 13.1 46.7 24.8 7.8 6.9 0.7 0.1
Print binding and finishing workers 51-5113 11.1 50.9 27.3 5.5 4.8 0.4 0.0
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers 51-6011 34.2 41.8 14.1 3.7 5.2 0.6 0.3
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials 51-6021 46.8 36.8 10.5 2.8 2.7 0.3 0.1
Sewing machine operators 51-6031 43.3 36.3 10.6 4.1 4.9 0.6 0.2
Shoe and leather workers and repairers(1) 51-6041 25.7 43.5 18.0 6.9 5.4 0.3 0.2
Shoe machine operators and tenders(1) 51-6042 25.7 43.5 18.0 6.9 5.4 0.3 0.2
Sewers, hand(1) 51-6051 28.0 31.3 19.2 5.0 12.9 3.0 0.6
Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers(1) 51-6052 28.0 31.3 19.2 5.0 12.9 3.0 0.6
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders(1) 51-6061 34.2 44.1 16.0 1.7 2.7 1.2 0.0
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders(1) 51-6062 34.2 44.1 16.0 1.7 2.7 1.2 0.0
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-6063 28.3 44.4 16.2 3.4 5.7 2.1 0.0
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-6064 33.9 48.6 12.8 3.2 1.5 0.0 0.0
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers(1) 51-6091 24.6 39.1 17.5 8.1 8.4 2.2 0.1
Fabric and apparel patternmakers(1) 51-6092 24.6 39.1 17.5 8.1 8.4 2.2 0.1
Upholsterers 51-6093 28.4 45.9 17.4 4.3 3.7 0.2 0.3
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other(1) 51-6099 24.6 39.1 17.5 8.1 8.4 2.2 0.1
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters 51-7011 18.3 49.1 19.7 6.0 5.9 0.8 0.2
Furniture finishers 51-7021 24.5 40.9 17.7 6.6 8.5 1.4 0.6
Model makers, wood(1) 51-7031 20.9 34.0 26.0 6.5 9.4 2.6 0.6
Patternmakers, wood(1) 51-7032 20.9 34.0 26.0 6.5 9.4 2.6 0.6
Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood 51-7041 36.9 45.0 12.8 3.1 1.9 0.3 0.0
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing 51-7042 25.8 47.7 17.9 3.4 4.2 0.6 0.5
Woodworkers, all other(1) 51-7099 20.9 34.0 26.0 6.5 9.4 2.6 0.6
Nuclear power reactor operators(1) 51-8011 1.9 31.6 32.8 17.7 14.3 1.3 0.4
Power distributors and dispatchers(1) 51-8012 1.9 31.6 32.8 17.7 14.3 1.3 0.4
Power plant operators(1) 51-8013 1.9 31.6 32.8 17.7 14.3 1.3 0.4
Stationary engineers and boiler operators 51-8021 5.7 39.5 30.7 11.4 10.3 2.3 0.3
Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators 51-8031 4.6 39.1 34.5 10.9 9.7 1.2 0.1
Chemical plant and system operators(1) 51-8091 5.1 38.1 32.3 11.7 11.6 0.6 0.5
Gas plant operators(1) 51-8092 5.1 38.1 32.3 11.7 11.6 0.6 0.5
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers(1) 51-8093 5.1 38.1 32.3 11.7 11.6 0.6 0.5
Plant and system operators, all other(1) 51-8099 5.1 38.1 32.3 11.7 11.6 0.6 0.5
Chemical equipment operators and tenders(1) 51-9011 5.9 35.8 31.1 9.6 14.3 2.6 0.7
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders(1) 51-9012 5.9 35.8 31.1 9.6 14.3 2.6 0.7
Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders(1) 51-9021 21.0 46.9 19.9 6.9 4.4 0.9 0.1
Grinding and polishing workers, hand(1) 51-9022 21.0 46.9 19.9 6.9 4.4 0.9 0.1
Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders(1) 51-9023 21.0 46.9 19.9 6.9 4.4 0.9 0.1
Cutters and trimmers, hand(1) 51-9031 32.5 45.1 16.9 2.4 2.8 0.2 0.1
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders(1) 51-9032 32.5 45.1 16.9 2.4 2.8 0.2 0.1
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9041 19.3 50.2 22.4 5.5 2.1 0.0 0.5
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders 51-9051 16.0 45.3 22.7 8.0 6.1 1.8 0.0
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers 51-9061 10.7 35.0 27.3 10.4 13.4 2.8 0.4
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers 51-9071 15.7 31.8 27.4 8.5 14.5 2.0 0.2
Dental laboratory technicians(1) 51-9081 5.7 29.1 33.0 16.6 13.0 1.8 0.8
Medical appliance technicians(1) 51-9082 5.7 29.1 33.0 16.6 13.0 1.8 0.8
Ophthalmic laboratory technicians(1) 51-9083 5.7 29.1 33.0 16.6 13.0 1.8 0.8
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders 51-9111 35.3 41.9 14.9 3.7 3.7 0.4 0.1
Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders(1) 51-9121 23.2 45.7 21.4 5.7 3.7 0.2 0.0
Painters, transportation equipment(1) 51-9122 23.2 45.7 21.4 5.7 3.7 0.2 0.0
Painting, coating, and decorating workers(1) 51-9123 23.2 45.7 21.4 5.7 3.7 0.2 0.0
Semiconductor processors(1) 51-9141 21.2 45.6 20.4 6.3 5.4 0.8 0.2
Photographic process workers and processing machine operators 51-9151 4.8 26.8 27.2 11.1 22.8 6.0 1.3
Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders 51-9191 19.8 59.7 16.1 2.6 1.8 0.0 0.0
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders(1) 51-9192 21.2 45.6 20.4 6.3 5.4 0.8 0.2
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders(1) 51-9193 21.2 45.6 20.4 6.3 5.4 0.8 0.2
Etchers and engravers 51-9194 6.4 42.4 26.2 8.7 15.8 0.5 0.0
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic 51-9195 30.4 31.6 20.0 4.4 10.0 3.2 0.3
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9196 16.3 49.0 24.3 6.1 2.4 1.8 0.0
Tire builders 51-9197 10.1 48.9 26.5 7.9 6.6 0.0 0.0
Helpers--production workers 51-9198 31.0 41.0 14.7 4.2 7.0 2.2 0.0
Production workers, all other(1) 51-9199 21.2 45.6 20.4 6.3 5.4 0.8 0.2
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors(1) 53-1011 8.5 34.4 29.8 9.7 15.2 2.2 0.3
First-line supervisors of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand(1) 53-1021 8.5 34.4 29.8 9.7 15.2 2.2 0.3
First-line supervisors of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators(1) 53-1031 8.5 34.4 29.8 9.7 15.2 2.2 0.3
Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers(1) 53-2011 0.5 4.8 13.7 6.8 60.8 11.2 2.3
Commercial pilots(1) 53-2012 0.5 4.8 13.7 6.8 60.8 11.2 2.3
Air traffic controllers(1) 53-2021 0.3 13.2 33.4 16.2 32.2 4.5 0.3
Airfield operations specialists(1) 53-2022 0.3 13.2 33.4 16.2 32.2 4.5 0.3
Flight attendants 53-2031 0.5 14.2 33.9 13.4 33.5 3.8 0.7
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians 53-3011 8.9 41.6 29.3 8.9 9.4 1.9 0.0
Bus drivers, transit and intercity(1) 53-3021 9.7 45.0 28.4 7.7 7.5 1.4 0.3
Bus drivers, school or special client(1) 53-3022 9.7 45.0 28.4 7.7 7.5 1.4 0.3
Driver/sales workers(1) 53-3031 17.8 48.2 22.7 5.6 4.8 0.7 0.2
Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers(1) 53-3032 17.8 48.2 22.7 5.6 4.8 0.7 0.2
Light truck or delivery services drivers(1) 53-3033 17.8 48.2 22.7 5.6 4.8 0.7 0.2
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs 53-3041 15.4 37.2 24.0 6.7 13.1 3.0 0.6
Motor vehicle operators, all other 53-3099 13.1 47.3 22.5 6.8 8.0 1.8 0.7
Locomotive engineers(1) 53-4011 2.0 35.4 38.4 9.8 12.9 1.4 0.2
Locomotive firers(1) 53-4012 2.0 35.4 38.4 9.8 12.9 1.4 0.2
Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers(1) 53-4013 2.0 35.4 38.4 9.8 12.9 1.4 0.2
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators(1) 53-4021 6.2 40.0 37.6 8.0 6.7 1.2 0.4
Railroad conductors and yardmasters 53-4031 1.4 35.9 37.6 10.8 13.4 0.9 0.1
Subway and streetcar operators(1) 53-4041 6.2 40.0 37.6 8.0 6.7 1.2 0.4
Rail transportation workers, all other(1) 53-4099 6.2 40.0 37.6 8.0 6.7 1.2 0.4
Sailors and marine oilers(1) 53-5011 16.1 37.3 20.6 6.4 14.9 3.3 1.4
Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels(1) 53-5021 10.8 31.4 26.3 9.4 18.9 1.6 1.6
Motorboat operators(1) 53-5022 10.8 31.4 26.3 9.4 18.9 1.6 1.6
Ship engineers(1) 53-5031 16.1 37.3 20.6 6.4 14.9 3.3 1.4
Bridge and lock tenders(1) 53-6011 8.8 37.5 32.9 8.3 10.5 1.4 0.6
Parking lot attendants 53-6021 19.2 33.8 24.1 8.6 11.1 2.5 0.6
Automotive and watercraft service attendants 53-6031 17.9 42.8 23.3 6.8 8.4 0.8 0.0
Traffic technicians(1) 53-6041 8.8 37.5 32.9 8.3 10.5 1.4 0.6
Transportation inspectors 53-6051 6.4 30.5 33.7 13.0 14.0 1.5 0.9
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants 53-6061 12.9 42.0 26.5 7.5 9.4 1.6 0.2
Transportation workers, all other(1) 53-6099 8.8 37.5 32.9 8.3 10.5 1.4 0.6
Conveyor operators and tenders(1) 53-7011 17.8 51.8 21.4 5.9 3.1 0.0 0.0
Crane and tower operators 53-7021 17.1 53.9 20.9 5.7 2.2 0.1 0.0
Dredge operators(1) 53-7031 24.7 49.4 19.0 4.7 1.8 0.1 0.2
Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators(1) 53-7032 24.7 49.4 19.0 4.7 1.8 0.1 0.2
Loading machine operators, underground mining(1) 53-7033 24.7 49.4 19.0 4.7 1.8 0.1 0.2
Hoist and winch operators(1) 53-7041 17.8 51.8 21.4 5.9 3.1 0.0 0.0
Industrial truck and tractor operators 53-7051 22.6 50.6 19.6 4.6 2.3 0.2 0.1
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment 53-7061 35.3 42.3 14.9 3.7 3.3 0.3 0.1
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand 53-7062 19.6 48.2 21.0 5.2 5.2 0.7 0.2
Machine feeders and offbearers 53-7063 26.4 45.1 16.9 4.6 4.6 2.3 0.0
Packers and packagers, hand 53-7064 36.6 41.1 13.3 4.1 4.1 0.6 0.1
Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators(1) 53-7071 9.5 51.7 23.7 6.6 7.8 0.5 0.1
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers(1) 53-7072 9.5 51.7 23.7 6.6 7.8 0.5 0.1
Wellhead pumpers(1) 53-7073 9.5 51.7 23.7 6.6 7.8 0.5 0.1
Refuse and recyclable material collectors 53-7081 33.2 41.6 16.8 4.0 3.8 0.6 0.0
Mine shuttle car operators(1) 53-7111 18.4 47.9 19.8 6.7 6.1 0.9 0.3
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders(1) 53-7121 18.4 47.9 19.8 6.7 6.1 0.9 0.3
Material moving workers, all other(1) 53-7199 18.4 47.9 19.8 6.7 6.1 0.9 0.3
(1) Data for this occupation is shared with other occupations; see http://www.bls.gov/emp/classifications-crosswalks/NEM_OccCode_ACS_Crosswalk.xlsx for details Data Source: 2012 and 2013 American Community Survey Public Use Microdata, U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau Table Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Assignment

Education and training assignments by detailed occupation, 2014
2014 National Employment Matrix title and code Typical education needed for entry Work experience in a related occupation Typical on-the-job training needed to attain competency in the occupation
Chief executives 11-1011 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
General and operations managers 11-1021 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Legislators 11-1031 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Advertising and promotions managers 11-2011 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Marketing managers 11-2021 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Sales managers 11-2022 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Public relations and fundraising managers 11-2031 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Administrative services managers 11-3011 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Computer and information systems managers 11-3021 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Financial managers 11-3031 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Industrial production managers 11-3051 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Purchasing managers 11-3061 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 11-3071 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more None
Compensation and benefits managers 11-3111 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Human resources managers 11-3121 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Training and development managers 11-3131 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers 11-9013 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more None
Construction managers 11-9021 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Education administrators, preschool and childcare center/program 11-9031 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Education administrators, elementary and secondary school 11-9032 Master's degree 5 years or more None
Education administrators, postsecondary 11-9033 Master's degree Less than 5 years None
Education administrators, all other 11-9039 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Architectural and engineering managers 11-9041 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Food service managers 11-9051 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Funeral service managers 11-9061 Associate's degree Less than 5 years None
Gaming managers 11-9071 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Lodging managers 11-9081 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Medical and health services managers 11-9111 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Natural sciences managers 11-9121 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Postmasters and mail superintendents 11-9131 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Property, real estate, and community association managers 11-9141 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Social and community service managers 11-9151 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Emergency management directors 11-9161 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Managers, all other 11-9199 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes 13-1011 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Buyers and purchasing agents, farm products 13-1021 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products 13-1022 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products 13-1023 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators 13-1031 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Insurance appraisers, auto damage 13-1032 Postsecondary nondegree award None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Compliance officers 13-1041 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Cost estimators 13-1051 Bachelor's degree None None
Human resources specialists 13-1071 Bachelor's degree None None
Farm labor contractors 13-1074 No formal educational credential Less than 5 years Short-term on-the-job training
Labor relations specialists 13-1075 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Logisticians 13-1081 Bachelor's degree None None
Management analysts 13-1111 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Meeting, convention, and event planners 13-1121 Bachelor's degree None None
Fundraisers 13-1131 Bachelor's degree None None
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists 13-1141 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Training and development specialists 13-1151 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Market research analysts and marketing specialists 13-1161 Bachelor's degree None None
Business operations specialists, all other 13-1199 Bachelor's degree None None
Accountants and auditors 13-2011 Bachelor's degree None None
Appraisers and assessors of real estate 13-2021 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Budget analysts 13-2031 Bachelor's degree None None
Credit analysts 13-2041 Bachelor's degree None None
Financial analysts 13-2051 Bachelor's degree None None
Personal financial advisors 13-2052 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Insurance underwriters 13-2053 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Financial examiners 13-2061 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Credit counselors 13-2071 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Loan officers 13-2072 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents 13-2081 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tax preparers 13-2082 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Financial specialists, all other 13-2099 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Computer and information research scientists 15-1111 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Computer systems analysts 15-1121 Bachelor's degree None None
Information security analysts 15-1122 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Computer programmers 15-1131 Bachelor's degree None None
Software developers, applications 15-1132 Bachelor's degree None None
Software developers, systems software 15-1133 Bachelor's degree None None
Web developers 15-1134 Associate's degree None None
Database administrators 15-1141 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Network and computer systems administrators 15-1142 Bachelor's degree None None
Computer network architects 15-1143 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Computer user support specialists 15-1151 Some college, no degree None None
Computer network support specialists 15-1152 Associate's degree None None
Computer occupations, all other 15-1199 Bachelor's degree None None
Actuaries 15-2011 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Mathematicians 15-2021 Master's degree None None
Operations research analysts 15-2031 Bachelor's degree None None
Statisticians 15-2041 Master's degree None None
Mathematical technicians 15-2091 Bachelor's degree None None
Mathematical science occupations, all other 15-2099 Bachelor's degree None None
Architects, except landscape and naval 17-1011 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Landscape architects 17-1012 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Cartographers and photogrammetrists 17-1021 Bachelor's degree None None
Surveyors 17-1022 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Aerospace engineers 17-2011 Bachelor's degree None None
Agricultural engineers 17-2021 Bachelor's degree None None
Biomedical engineers 17-2031 Bachelor's degree None None
Chemical engineers 17-2041 Bachelor's degree None None
Civil engineers 17-2051 Bachelor's degree None None
Computer hardware engineers 17-2061 Bachelor's degree None None
Electrical engineers 17-2071 Bachelor's degree None None
Electronics engineers, except computer 17-2072 Bachelor's degree None None
Environmental engineers 17-2081 Bachelor's degree None None
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors 17-2111 Bachelor's degree None None
Industrial engineers 17-2112 Bachelor's degree None None
Marine engineers and naval architects 17-2121 Bachelor's degree None None
Materials engineers 17-2131 Bachelor's degree None None
Mechanical engineers 17-2141 Bachelor's degree None None
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers 17-2151 Bachelor's degree None None
Nuclear engineers 17-2161 Bachelor's degree None None
Petroleum engineers 17-2171 Bachelor's degree None None
Engineers, all other 17-2199 Bachelor's degree None None
Architectural and civil drafters 17-3011 Associate's degree None None
Electrical and electronics drafters 17-3012 Associate's degree None None
Mechanical drafters 17-3013 Associate's degree None None
Drafters, all other 17-3019 Associate's degree None None
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians 17-3021 Associate's degree None None
Civil engineering technicians 17-3022 Associate's degree None None
Electrical and electronics engineering technicians 17-3023 Associate's degree None None
Electro-mechanical technicians 17-3024 Associate's degree None None
Environmental engineering technicians 17-3025 Associate's degree None None
Industrial engineering technicians 17-3026 Associate's degree None None
Mechanical engineering technicians 17-3027 Associate's degree None None
Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 17-3029 Associate's degree None None
Surveying and mapping technicians 17-3031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Animal scientists 19-1011 Bachelor's degree None None
Food scientists and technologists 19-1012 Bachelor's degree None None
Soil and plant scientists 19-1013 Bachelor's degree None None
Biochemists and biophysicists 19-1021 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Microbiologists 19-1022 Bachelor's degree None None
Zoologists and wildlife biologists 19-1023 Bachelor's degree None None
Biological scientists, all other 19-1029 Bachelor's degree None None
Conservation scientists 19-1031 Bachelor's degree None None
Foresters 19-1032 Bachelor's degree None None
Epidemiologists 19-1041 Master's degree None None
Medical scientists, except epidemiologists 19-1042 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Life scientists, all other 19-1099 Bachelor's degree None None
Astronomers 19-2011 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Physicists 19-2012 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Atmospheric and space scientists 19-2021 Bachelor's degree None None
Chemists 19-2031 Bachelor's degree None None
Materials scientists 19-2032 Bachelor's degree None None
Environmental scientists and specialists, including health 19-2041 Bachelor's degree None None
Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers 19-2042 Bachelor's degree None None
Hydrologists 19-2043 Bachelor's degree None None
Physical scientists, all other 19-2099 Bachelor's degree None None
Economists 19-3011 Master's degree None None
Survey researchers 19-3022 Master's degree None None
Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists 19-3031 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Industrial-organizational psychologists 19-3032 Master's degree None Internship/residency
Psychologists, all other 19-3039 Master's degree None Internship/residency
Sociologists 19-3041 Master's degree None None
Urban and regional planners 19-3051 Master's degree None None
Anthropologists and archeologists 19-3091 Master's degree None None
Geographers 19-3092 Bachelor's degree None None
Historians 19-3093 Master's degree None None
Political scientists 19-3094 Master's degree None None
Social scientists and related workers, all other 19-3099 Bachelor's degree None None
Agricultural and food science technicians 19-4011 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Biological technicians 19-4021 Bachelor's degree None None
Chemical technicians 19-4031 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Geological and petroleum technicians 19-4041 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Nuclear technicians 19-4051 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Social science research assistants 19-4061 Bachelor's degree None None
Environmental science and protection technicians, including health 19-4091 Associate's degree None None
Forensic science technicians 19-4092 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Forest and conservation technicians 19-4093 Associate's degree None None
Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other 19-4099 Associate's degree None None
Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors 21-1011 Bachelor's degree None None
Educational, guidance, school, and vocational counselors 21-1012 Master's degree None None
Marriage and family therapists 21-1013 Master's degree None Internship/residency
Mental health counselors 21-1014 Master's degree None Internship/residency
Rehabilitation counselors 21-1015 Master's degree None None
Counselors, all other 21-1019 Master's degree None None
Child, family, and school social workers 21-1021 Bachelor's degree None None
Healthcare social workers 21-1022 Master's degree None None
Mental health and substance abuse social workers 21-1023 Bachelor's degree None None
Social workers, all other 21-1029 Bachelor's degree None None
Health educators 21-1091 Bachelor's degree None None
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists 21-1092 Bachelor's degree None Short-term on-the-job training
Social and human service assistants 21-1093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Community health workers 21-1094 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Community and social service specialists, all other 21-1099 Master's degree None None
Clergy 21-2011 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Directors, religious activities and education 21-2021 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Religious workers, all other 21-2099 Bachelor's degree None None
Lawyers 23-1011 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Judicial law clerks 23-1012 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers 23-1021 Doctoral or professional degree 5 years or more Short-term on-the-job training
Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators 23-1022 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates 23-1023 Doctoral or professional degree 5 years or more Short-term on-the-job training
Paralegals and legal assistants 23-2011 Associate's degree None None
Court reporters 23-2091 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers 23-2093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Legal support workers, all other 23-2099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Business teachers, postsecondary 25-1011 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Computer science teachers, postsecondary 25-1021 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary 25-1022 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Architecture teachers, postsecondary 25-1031 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Engineering teachers, postsecondary 25-1032 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary 25-1041 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Biological science teachers, postsecondary 25-1042 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary 25-1043 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary 25-1051 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Chemistry teachers, postsecondary 25-1052 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Environmental science teachers, postsecondary 25-1053 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Physics teachers, postsecondary 25-1054 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary 25-1061 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary 25-1062 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Economics teachers, postsecondary 25-1063 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Geography teachers, postsecondary 25-1064 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Political science teachers, postsecondary 25-1065 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Psychology teachers, postsecondary 25-1066 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Sociology teachers, postsecondary 25-1067 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other 25-1069 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Health specialties teachers, postsecondary 25-1071 Doctoral or professional degree Less than 5 years None
Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary 25-1072 Master's degree Less than 5 years None
Education teachers, postsecondary 25-1081 Doctoral or professional degree Less than 5 years None
Library science teachers, postsecondary 25-1082 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary 25-1111 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Law teachers, postsecondary 25-1112 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Social work teachers, postsecondary 25-1113 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary 25-1121 Master's degree None None
Communications teachers, postsecondary 25-1122 Doctoral or professional degree None None
English language and literature teachers, postsecondary 25-1123 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary 25-1124 Doctoral or professional degree None None
History teachers, postsecondary 25-1125 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary 25-1126 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Graduate teaching assistants 25-1191 Bachelor's degree None None
Home economics teachers, postsecondary 25-1192 Master's degree None None
Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary 25-1193 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Vocational education teachers, postsecondary 25-1194 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Postsecondary teachers, all other 25-1199 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Preschool teachers, except special education 25-2011 Associate's degree None None
Kindergarten teachers, except special education 25-2012 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Elementary school teachers, except special education 25-2021 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education 25-2022 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Career/technical education teachers, middle school 25-2023 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Internship/residency
Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education 25-2031 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Career/technical education teachers, secondary school 25-2032 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Internship/residency
Special education teachers, preschool 25-2051 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school 25-2052 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Special education teachers, middle school 25-2053 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Special education teachers, secondary school 25-2054 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Special education teachers, all other 25-2059 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors 25-3011 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Self-enrichment education teachers 25-3021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Teachers and instructors, all other 25-3099 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Archivists 25-4011 Master's degree None None
Curators 25-4012 Master's degree None None
Museum technicians and conservators 25-4013 Bachelor's degree None None
Librarians 25-4021 Master's degree None None
Library technicians 25-4031 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Audio-visual and multimedia collections specialists 25-9011 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Farm and home management advisors 25-9021 Master's degree None None
Instructional coordinators 25-9031 Master's degree 5 years or more None
Teacher assistants 25-9041 Some college, no degree None None
Education, training, and library workers, all other 25-9099 Bachelor's degree None None
Art directors 27-1011 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None
Craft artists 27-1012 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators 27-1013 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Multimedia artists and animators 27-1014 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Artists and related workers, all other 27-1019 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Commercial and industrial designers 27-1021 Bachelor's degree None None
Fashion designers 27-1022 Bachelor's degree None None
Floral designers 27-1023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Graphic designers 27-1024 Bachelor's degree None None
Interior designers 27-1025 Bachelor's degree None None
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers 27-1026 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Set and exhibit designers 27-1027 Bachelor's degree None None
Designers, all other 27-1029 Bachelor's degree None None
Actors 27-2011 Some college, no degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Producers and directors 27-2012 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Athletes and sports competitors 27-2021 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Coaches and scouts 27-2022 Bachelor's degree None None
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials 27-2023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Dancers 27-2031 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Choreographers 27-2032 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more Long-term on-the-job training
Music directors and composers 27-2041 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Musicians and singers 27-2042 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other 27-2099 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Radio and television announcers 27-3011 Bachelor's degree None Short-term on-the-job training
Public address system and other announcers 27-3012 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Broadcast news analysts 27-3021 Bachelor's degree None None
Reporters and correspondents 27-3022 Bachelor's degree None None
Public relations specialists 27-3031 Bachelor's degree None None
Editors 27-3041 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None
Technical writers 27-3042 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Short-term on-the-job training
Writers and authors 27-3043 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Interpreters and translators 27-3091 Bachelor's degree None Short-term on-the-job training
Media and communication workers, all other 27-3099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Audio and video equipment technicians 27-4011 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Broadcast technicians 27-4012 Associate's degree None Short-term on-the-job training
Radio operators 27-4013 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Sound engineering technicians 27-4014 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Photographers 27-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture 27-4031 Bachelor's degree None None
Film and video editors 27-4032 Bachelor's degree None None
Media and communication equipment workers, all other 27-4099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Chiropractors 29-1011 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Dentists, general 29-1021 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons 29-1022 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Orthodontists 29-1023 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Prosthodontists 29-1024 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Dentists, all other specialists 29-1029 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Dietitians and nutritionists 29-1031 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency
Optometrists 29-1041 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Pharmacists 29-1051 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Anesthesiologists 29-1061 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Family and general practitioners 29-1062 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Internists, general 29-1063 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Obstetricians and gynecologists 29-1064 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Pediatricians, general 29-1065 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Psychiatrists 29-1066 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Surgeons 29-1067 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Physicians and surgeons, all other 29-1069 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Physician assistants 29-1071 Master's degree None None
Podiatrists 29-1081 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency
Occupational therapists 29-1122 Master's degree None None
Physical therapists 29-1123 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Radiation therapists 29-1124 Associate's degree None None
Recreational therapists 29-1125 Bachelor's degree None None
Respiratory therapists 29-1126 Associate's degree None None
Speech-language pathologists 29-1127 Master's degree None None
Exercise physiologists 29-1128 Bachelor's degree None None
Therapists, all other 29-1129 Bachelor's degree None None
Veterinarians 29-1131 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Registered nurses 29-1141 Bachelor's degree None None
Nurse anesthetists 29-1151 Master's degree None None
Nurse midwives 29-1161 Master's degree None None
Nurse practitioners 29-1171 Master's degree None None
Audiologists 29-1181 Doctoral or professional degree None None
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other 29-1199 Master's degree None None
Medical and clinical laboratory technologists 29-2011 Bachelor's degree None None
Medical and clinical laboratory technicians 29-2012 Associate's degree None None
Dental hygienists 29-2021 Associate's degree None None
Cardiovascular technologists and technicians 29-2031 Associate's degree None None
Diagnostic medical sonographers 29-2032 Associate's degree None None
Nuclear medicine technologists 29-2033 Associate's degree None None
Radiologic technologists 29-2034 Associate's degree None None
Magnetic resonance imaging technologists 29-2035 Associate's degree Less than 5 years None
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics 29-2041 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Dietetic technicians 29-2051 Associate's degree None None
Pharmacy technicians 29-2052 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Psychiatric technicians 29-2053 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years Short-term on-the-job training
Respiratory therapy technicians 29-2054 Associate's degree None None
Surgical technologists 29-2055 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Veterinary technologists and technicians 29-2056 Associate's degree None None
Ophthalmic medical technicians 29-2057 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses 29-2061 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Medical records and health information technicians 29-2071 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Opticians, dispensing 29-2081 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Orthotists and prosthetists 29-2091 Master's degree None Internship/residency
Hearing aid specialists 29-2092 High school diploma or equivalent None None
Health technologists and technicians, all other 29-2099 High school diploma or equivalent None None
Occupational health and safety specialists 29-9011 Bachelor's degree None None
Occupational health and safety technicians 29-9012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Athletic trainers 29-9091 Bachelor's degree None None
Genetic counselors 29-9092 Master's degree None None
Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other 29-9099 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Home health aides 31-1011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Psychiatric aides 31-1013 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Nursing assistants 31-1014 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Orderlies 31-1015 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Occupational therapy assistants 31-2011 Associate's degree None None
Occupational therapy aides 31-2012 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Physical therapist assistants 31-2021 Associate's degree None None
Physical therapist aides 31-2022 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Massage therapists 31-9011 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Dental assistants 31-9091 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Medical assistants 31-9092 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Medical equipment preparers 31-9093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Medical transcriptionists 31-9094 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Pharmacy aides 31-9095 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers 31-9096 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Phlebotomists 31-9097 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Healthcare support workers, all other 31-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None None
First-line supervisors of correctional officers 33-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of police and detectives 33-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers 33-1021 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other 33-1099 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Firefighters 33-2011 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training
Fire inspectors and investigators 33-2021 Postsecondary nondegree award 5 years or more Moderate-term on-the-job training
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists 33-2022 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Bailiffs 33-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Correctional officers and jailers 33-3012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Detectives and criminal investigators 33-3021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Fish and game wardens 33-3031 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Parking enforcement workers 33-3041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Police and sheriff's patrol officers 33-3051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Transit and railroad police 33-3052 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Animal control workers 33-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Private detectives and investigators 33-9021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators 33-9031 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Security guards 33-9032 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Crossing guards 33-9091 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers 33-9092 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Transportation security screeners 33-9093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Protective service workers, all other 33-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Chefs and head cooks 35-1011 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more None
First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers 35-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Cooks, fast food 35-2011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Cooks, institution and cafeteria 35-2012 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Cooks, private household 35-2013 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None
Cooks, restaurant 35-2014 No formal educational credential Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Cooks, short order 35-2015 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Cooks, all other 35-2019 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Food preparation workers 35-2021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Bartenders 35-3011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food 35-3021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 35-3022 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Waiters and waitresses 35-3031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Food servers, nonrestaurant 35-3041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers 35-9011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Dishwashers 35-9021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop 35-9031 No formal educational credential None None
Food preparation and serving related workers, all other 35-9099 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers 37-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers 37-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners 37-2011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Maids and housekeeping cleaners 37-2012 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Building cleaning workers, all other 37-2019 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Pest control workers 37-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers 37-3011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation 37-3012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tree trimmers and pruners 37-3013 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Grounds maintenance workers, all other 37-3019 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Gaming supervisors 39-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Slot supervisors 39-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
First-line supervisors of personal service workers 39-1021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Animal trainers 39-2011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Nonfarm animal caretakers 39-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Gaming dealers 39-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Gaming and sports book writers and runners 39-3012 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Gaming service workers, all other 39-3019 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Motion picture projectionists 39-3021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers 39-3031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Amusement and recreation attendants 39-3091 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Costume attendants 39-3092 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants 39-3093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other 39-3099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Embalmers 39-4011 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Funeral attendants 39-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors 39-4031 Associate's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Barbers 39-5011 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists 39-5012 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Makeup artists, theatrical and performance 39-5091 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Manicurists and pedicurists 39-5092 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Shampooers 39-5093 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Skincare specialists 39-5094 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Baggage porters and bellhops 39-6011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Concierges 39-6012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tour guides and escorts 39-7011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Travel guides 39-7012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Childcare workers 39-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Personal care aides 39-9021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors 39-9031 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Recreation workers 39-9032 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Residential advisors 39-9041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Personal care and service workers, all other 39-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of retail sales workers 41-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers 41-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Cashiers 41-2011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Gaming change persons and booth cashiers 41-2012 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Counter and rental clerks 41-2021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Parts salespersons 41-2022 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Retail salespersons 41-2031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Advertising sales agents 41-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Insurance sales agents 41-3021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents 41-3031 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Travel agents 41-3041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Sales representatives, services, all other 41-3099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products 41-4011 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products 41-4012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Demonstrators and product promoters 41-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Models 41-9012 No formal educational credential None None
Real estate brokers 41-9021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Real estate sales agents 41-9022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Sales engineers 41-9031 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Telemarketers 41-9041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers 41-9091 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Sales and related workers, all other 41-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None None
First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers 43-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Switchboard operators, including answering service 43-2011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Telephone operators 43-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Communications equipment operators, all other 43-2099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Bill and account collectors 43-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Billing and posting clerks 43-3021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks 43-3031 Some college, no degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Gaming cage workers 43-3041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Payroll and timekeeping clerks 43-3051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Procurement clerks 43-3061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tellers 43-3071 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Financial clerks, all other 43-3099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Brokerage clerks 43-4011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Correspondence clerks 43-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Court, municipal, and license clerks 43-4031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks 43-4041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Customer service representatives 43-4051 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Eligibility interviewers, government programs 43-4061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
File clerks 43-4071 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks 43-4081 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan 43-4111 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Library assistants, clerical 43-4121 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Loan interviewers and clerks 43-4131 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
New accounts clerks 43-4141 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Order clerks 43-4151 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping 43-4161 Associate's degree None None
Receptionists and information clerks 43-4171 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks 43-4181 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Information and record clerks, all other 43-4199 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Cargo and freight agents 43-5011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Couriers and messengers 43-5021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers 43-5031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance 43-5032 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Meter readers, utilities 43-5041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Postal service clerks 43-5051 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Postal service mail carriers 43-5052 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators 43-5053 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Production, planning, and expediting clerks 43-5061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks 43-5071 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Stock clerks and order fillers 43-5081 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping 43-5111 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants 43-6011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Legal secretaries 43-6012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Medical secretaries 43-6013 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive 43-6014 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Computer operators 43-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Data entry keyers 43-9021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Word processors and typists 43-9022 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Desktop publishers 43-9031 Associate's degree None Short-term on-the-job training
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks 43-9041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service 43-9051 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Office clerks, general 43-9061 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Office machine operators, except computer 43-9071 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Proofreaders and copy markers 43-9081 Bachelor's degree None None
Statistical assistants 43-9111 Bachelor's degree None None
Office and administrative support workers, all other 43-9199 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers 45-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Agricultural inspectors 45-2011 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Animal breeders 45-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Graders and sorters, agricultural products 45-2041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Agricultural equipment operators 45-2091 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse 45-2092 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals 45-2093 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Agricultural workers, all other 45-2099 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Fishers and related fishing workers 45-3011 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Hunters and trappers 45-3021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Forest and conservation workers 45-4011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Fallers 45-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Logging equipment operators 45-4022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Log graders and scalers 45-4023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Logging workers, all other 45-4029 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers 47-1011 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more None
Boilermakers 47-2011 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Brickmasons and blockmasons 47-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Stonemasons 47-2022 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Carpenters 47-2031 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Carpet installers 47-2041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles 47-2042 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Floor sanders and finishers 47-2043 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tile and marble setters 47-2044 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Cement masons and concrete finishers 47-2051 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Terrazzo workers and finishers 47-2053 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Construction laborers 47-2061 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators 47-2071 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Pile-driver operators 47-2072 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators 47-2073 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Drywall and ceiling tile installers 47-2081 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tapers 47-2082 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Electricians 47-2111 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Glaziers 47-2121 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall 47-2131 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Insulation workers, mechanical 47-2132 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Painters, construction and maintenance 47-2141 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Paperhangers 47-2142 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Pipelayers 47-2151 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 47-2152 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Plasterers and stucco masons 47-2161 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers 47-2171 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Roofers 47-2181 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Sheet metal workers 47-2211 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Structural iron and steel workers 47-2221 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Solar photovoltaic installers 47-2231 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters 47-3011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Helpers--carpenters 47-3012 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Helpers--electricians 47-3013 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons 47-3014 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 47-3015 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Helpers--roofers 47-3016 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Helpers, construction trades, all other 47-3019 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Construction and building inspectors 47-4011 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more Moderate-term on-the-job training
Elevator installers and repairers 47-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Fence erectors 47-4031 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Hazardous materials removal workers 47-4041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Highway maintenance workers 47-4051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators 47-4061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners 47-4071 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Segmental pavers 47-4091 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Construction and related workers, all other 47-4099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Derrick operators, oil and gas 47-5011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas 47-5012 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining 47-5013 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Earth drillers, except oil and gas 47-5021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters 47-5031 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Long-term on-the-job training
Continuous mining machine operators 47-5041 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Mine cutting and channeling machine operators 47-5042 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Mining machine operators, all other 47-5049 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Rock splitters, quarry 47-5051 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Roof bolters, mining 47-5061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Roustabouts, oil and gas 47-5071 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Helpers--extraction workers 47-5081 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Extraction workers, all other 47-5099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers 49-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers 49-2011 Some college, no degree None Short-term on-the-job training
Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairs 49-2021 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers 49-2022 Postsecondary nondegree award None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Avionics technicians 49-2091 Associate's degree None None
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers 49-2092 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 49-2093 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment 49-2094 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training
Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay 49-2095 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles 49-2096 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers 49-2097 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Security and fire alarm systems installers 49-2098 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians 49-3011 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Automotive body and related repairers 49-3021 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Automotive glass installers and repairers 49-3022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Automotive service technicians and mechanics 49-3023 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists 49-3031 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians 49-3041 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines 49-3042 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Rail car repairers 49-3043 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Motorboat mechanics and service technicians 49-3051 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Motorcycle mechanics 49-3052 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics 49-3053 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Bicycle repairers 49-3091 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Recreational vehicle service technicians 49-3092 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Tire repairers and changers 49-3093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Mechanical door repairers 49-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door 49-9012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers 49-9021 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training
Home appliance repairers 49-9031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Industrial machinery mechanics 49-9041 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Maintenance workers, machinery 49-9043 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Millwrights 49-9044 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons 49-9045 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Electrical power-line installers and repairers 49-9051 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Telecommunications line installers and repairers 49-9052 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Camera and photographic equipment repairers 49-9061 Associate's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Medical equipment repairers 49-9062 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Musical instrument repairers and tuners 49-9063 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship
Watch repairers 49-9064 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other 49-9069 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Maintenance and repair workers, general 49-9071 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Wind turbine service technicians 49-9081 Some college, no degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers 49-9091 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Commercial divers 49-9092 Postsecondary nondegree award None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Fabric menders, except garment 49-9093 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Locksmiths and safe repairers 49-9094 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Manufactured building and mobile home installers 49-9095 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Riggers 49-9096 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Signal and track switch repairers 49-9097 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers 49-9098 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other 49-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
First-line supervisors of production and operating workers 51-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers 51-2011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Coil winders, tapers, and finishers 51-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers 51-2022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Electromechanical equipment assemblers 51-2023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Engine and other machine assemblers 51-2031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Structural metal fabricators and fitters 51-2041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Fiberglass laminators and fabricators 51-2091 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Team assemblers 51-2092 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Timing device assemblers and adjusters 51-2093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Assemblers and fabricators, all other 51-2099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Bakers 51-3011 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Butchers and meat cutters 51-3021 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training
Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers 51-3022 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Slaughterers and meat packers 51-3023 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders 51-3091 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Food batchmakers 51-3092 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Food cooking machine operators and tenders 51-3093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Food processing workers, all other 51-3099 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic 51-4011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic 51-4012 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4032 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4033 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4034 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4035 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Machinists 51-4041 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders 51-4051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Pourers and casters, metal 51-4052 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Model makers, metal and plastic 51-4061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Patternmakers, metal and plastic 51-4062 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Foundry mold and coremakers 51-4071 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4072 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4081 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tool and die makers 51-4111 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers 51-4121 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-4122 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4191 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Layout workers, metal and plastic 51-4192 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51-4193 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners 51-4194 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other 51-4199 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Prepress technicians and workers 51-5111 Postsecondary nondegree award None None
Printing press operators 51-5112 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Print binding and finishing workers 51-5113 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers 51-6011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials 51-6021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Sewing machine operators 51-6031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Shoe and leather workers and repairers 51-6041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Shoe machine operators and tenders 51-6042 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Sewers, hand 51-6051 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers 51-6052 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders 51-6061 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-6062 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-6063 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-6064 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers 51-6091 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Fabric and apparel patternmakers 51-6092 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Upholsterers 51-6093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other 51-6099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters 51-7011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Furniture finishers 51-7021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Model makers, wood 51-7031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Patternmakers, wood 51-7032 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood 51-7041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing 51-7042 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Woodworkers, all other 51-7099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Nuclear power reactor operators 51-8011 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Power distributors and dispatchers 51-8012 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Power plant operators 51-8013 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Stationary engineers and boiler operators 51-8021 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators 51-8031 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Chemical plant and system operators 51-8091 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Gas plant operators 51-8092 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 51-8093 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Plant and system operators, all other 51-8099 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Chemical equipment operators and tenders 51-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Grinding and polishing workers, hand 51-9022 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Cutters and trimmers, hand 51-9031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9032 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders 51-9051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers 51-9061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers 51-9071 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Dental laboratory technicians 51-9081 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Medical appliance technicians 51-9082 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Ophthalmic laboratory technicians 51-9083 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders 51-9111 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9121 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Painters, transportation equipment 51-9122 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Painting, coating, and decorating workers 51-9123 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Semiconductor processors 51-9141 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Photographic process workers and processing machine operators 51-9151 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders 51-9191 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders 51-9192 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders 51-9193 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Etchers and engravers 51-9194 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic 51-9195 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders 51-9196 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Tire builders 51-9197 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Helpers--production workers 51-9198 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Production workers, all other 51-9199 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors 53-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
First-line supervisors of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand 53-1021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
First-line supervisors of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators 53-1031 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None
Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers 53-2011 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Commercial pilots 53-2012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Air traffic controllers 53-2021 Associate's degree None Long-term on-the-job training
Airfield operations specialists 53-2022 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training
Flight attendants 53-2031 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians 53-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Bus drivers, transit and intercity 53-3021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Bus drivers, school or special client 53-3022 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Driver/sales workers 53-3031 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers 53-3032 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training
Light truck or delivery services drivers 53-3033 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs 53-3041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Motor vehicle operators, all other 53-3099 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Locomotive engineers 53-4011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Locomotive firers 53-4012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers 53-4013 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators 53-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Railroad conductors and yardmasters 53-4031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Subway and streetcar operators 53-4041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Rail transportation workers, all other 53-4099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Sailors and marine oilers 53-5011 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels 53-5021 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None
Motorboat operators 53-5022 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None
Ship engineers 53-5031 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None
Bridge and lock tenders 53-6011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Parking lot attendants 53-6021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Automotive and watercraft service attendants 53-6031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Traffic technicians 53-6041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Transportation inspectors 53-6051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants 53-6061 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Transportation workers, all other 53-6099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training
Conveyor operators and tenders 53-7011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Crane and tower operators 53-7021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Dredge operators 53-7031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators 53-7032 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Loading machine operators, underground mining 53-7033 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Hoist and winch operators 53-7041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Industrial truck and tractor operators 53-7051 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment 53-7061 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand 53-7062 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Machine feeders and offbearers 53-7063 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Packers and packagers, hand 53-7064 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators 53-7071 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers 53-7072 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training
Wellhead pumpers 53-7073 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training
Refuse and recyclable material collectors 53-7081 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Mine shuttle car operators 53-7111 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders 53-7121 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Material moving workers, all other 53-7199 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training
Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Summary

Employment, wages, and projected change in employment by typical entry-level education (Employment in thousands)
Typical entry-level education 2014 Employment Employment change, 2014-24 (percent) Median annual wage, 2015(1)
Number Percent distribution
Total, all occupations 150,539.9 100.0 6.5 $36,200
Doctoral or professional degree 4,111.5 2.7 12.2 $100,490
Master's degree 2,518.8 1.7 13.8 $66,420
Bachelor's degree 31848.6 21.2 8.2 $70,400
Associate's degree 3,458.2 2.3 8.7 $50,230
Postsecondary nondegree award 9,090.7 6.0 11.5 $35,660
Some college, no degree 3,785.8 2.5 0.5 $33,870
High school diploma or equivalent 54,927.4 36.5 3.9 $36,210
No formal educational credential 40,799.0 27.1 6.9 $21,420
Footnotes: (1) Data are from the Occupational Employment Statistics program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Note: The occupational employment and growth rates shown in this table include projected growth in all jobs from 2014–24, not just entry-level jobs. Entry-level education reflects 2014 requirements—BLS does not project educational requirements. Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics